专题19短文填空考点1首字母填空-2022年中考英语真题分项汇编全国通用.docx
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1、 专题 36短文填空考点 1首字母填空(一)(2022广东广州中考真题)阅读短文,根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式,每空限填一词。答卷时,要求写出完整单词。Dunbuang is a historic city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an important c _46_ of trade. Asthe Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became Chinas western gateway to the world. Here, different cultures met and
2、influenced each other. People from f _47_ countries did business and communicated with the local people.If you v _48_ Dunhuang, you will be able to see the Mogao Caves(莫高窟). If you walk i _49_ ,you will discover some of the wonderful artworks. There are over 45,000 square metres of beautiful paintin
3、gs onthe cave walls, as well as thousands of statues.Over the years, China has made great efforts to protect the Mogao Caves. Today, you can also findhigh-quality photos of the artworks on the Internet. People all over the world now have a c _50_ to seeDunhuangs treasures online.【答案】46(c)entre#(c)en
4、ter47(f)oreign48(v)isit49(i)nside50(c)hance【解析】【导语】本文讲述敦煌在古代是贸易中心,讲述在敦煌可以看到莫高窟和很多艺术作品,讲述现在人们可以在网上看到敦煌的财宝。46句意:在古代,敦煌是一个重要的贸易中心。根据“an”可知用单数名词作表语。根据“As the Silk Roaddeveloped, Dunhuang became Chinas western gateway to the world”及首字母提示,可知,句子讲述敦煌古代是贸易中心,用名词“center”或“centre”。故填(c)entre/(c)enter。 47句意:外国的
5、人和当地的人经商和交流。名词“countries”前用形容词修饰,根据“different cultures”及首字母提示,可知句子表达外国的人,用形容词“foreign”。故填(f)oreign。48句意:如果你参观敦煌,你能看到莫高窟。这是“if”引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现的原则,主句是一般将来时,从句是一般现在时表示将来。根据“you will be able to see the Mogao Caves”及首字母提示,可知句子表达参观敦煌,主语是“you”,动词用“visit”。故填(v)isit。49句意:如果你走进去,你会发现一些完美的艺术作品。动词“walk”用副词修饰,根
6、据“discover some of thewonderful artworks”及首字母提示,可知句子表达走进去,用“walk inside”。故填(i)nside。50句意:全世界的人现在有机会在网上看到敦煌的财宝。动词“have”后缺宾语,根据“a”可知是单数名词。根据“to see Dunhuangs treasures online”及首字母提示,可知句子表达有机会,用“have a chance to do”。故填(c)hance。(二)(2022湖北武汉中考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词,单词的第一个字母已给出。Erie Green has always wonder
7、ed about things that live in the ocean. When he was y_46_ , he loved toswim. He liked to watch all kinds of underwater animals and plants through his mask (潜水面罩). When he grewup, he wanted to l_47_ for new things in the ocean.Today, Mr. Green is a marine ecologist (海洋生态学家). He studies how underwater
8、 animals and plantsconnect with each other and need each other to stay a_48_.Mr. Green studies coral reefs (珊瑚) in the Pacific Ocean. A coral reef is like a big underwater t_49_.Thousands of animals and plants live there. They compete for food and space there. As a result, the beautiful coralreefs g
9、et i_50_ easily.Mr. Green also studies how peoples actions can change coral reefs. Sometimes people pollute the water oroverfish, so the w_51_ that all the living things are joined together has been changed. If coral reefs get hurt,many animals have to find new homes. Some animals n_52_ drop low, an
10、d some animals just disappear. Mr.Green wants to p_53_ this from happening. Mr. Green believes that all living things in a coral reef should be k_54_ safe. “Underwater ecosystemsare like airplanes,” Mr. Green says. “They need all of their parts to work correctly.” “To take better care of marinehomes
11、, we first must k_55_ them. Only through that, can we understand the great influence humans have onthese places.” Mr. Green says.【答案】46(y)oung47(l)ook48(a)live49(t)own50(i)njured51(w)ay52(n)umbers53(p)revent54(k)ept55(k)now【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了海洋生态学家格林先生意识到珊瑚礁所面临的问题以及它们的重要性,呼吁人们要先了解它们并保护它们。46句意:当他年轻的时候,他喜
12、欢游泳。was后接形容词作表语,根据“When he grew up”及首字母可知,年轻的时候喜欢游泳,young“年轻的”符合,故填(y)oung。47句意:当他长大后,他想在海洋中寻找新的东西。根据“he wanted to for new things in the ocean”及首字母可知,此处指在海洋中寻找新东西,look for“寻找”,want to do sth“想要做某事”,此空应填动词原形,故填(l)ook。48句意:他研究水下的动物和植物是如何相互联系、相互需要以维持生存的。根据“underwater animals and plantsconnect with each
13、 other and need each other to stay”及首字母可知,水下的动植物相互维持生存,alive“活着的”,形容词作表语,故填(a)live。49 句意:珊瑚礁就像一个巨大的水下小镇。根据“A coral reef is like a big underwater”及首字母可知,把珊瑚礁比喻成一个巨大的小镇,town“城镇”,a修饰名词的单数形式,故填(t)own。50句意:因此,美丽的珊瑚礁很容易受伤。根据“They compete for food and space there”可知,因为食物和生存的空间相互竞争,导致珊瑚礁受伤,get injured“受伤”,故
14、填(i)njured。51句意:有时人们污染水或过度捕捞,所以所有生物的连接方式已经改变。根据“the that all the living things arejoined together has been changed”及首字母可知,连接方式改变了,way“方式”。根据 has可知,此空应填单数名词,故填(w)ay。52句意:有些动物的数量下降了,有些动物就消失了。根据“Some animals drop low, some animals justdisappear”可知,有些数量少了,有些消失了,number“数量”,句子是一般现在时,drop是动词原形,故此空应填名词复数形式,
15、故填(n)umbers。53句意:格林先生想阻止这种事情发生。根据“Mr. Green wants to this from happening”及首字母可知,想阻止这一切发生,preventfrom doing sth“阻止某事发生”,want to do sth“想要做某事”,此空应填动词原形,故填(p)revent。54句意:格林先生认为珊瑚礁里的所有生物都应该保护好。根据“They need all of their parts to work correctly”可知,珊瑚礁里的每一部分都需要正常工作,所以它们应该被保护起来,keep“保持”,be与过去分词构成被动语态结构,故填(k
16、)ept。55句意:要更好地照顾海洋家园,我们首先必须了解它们。根据“we first mustthem”及“can we understand thegreat influence humans have on these places”可知,只有先了解珊瑚礁,才能理解人类对这些地方的巨大影响,know“了解”,情态动词 must后接动词原形,故填(k)now。(三)(2022江苏连云港中考真题) 根据短文意思和首字母提示,写出一个完整正确的单词。Erhu is one of the most important Chinese instruments. It has a history o
17、f o_51_ 1,000 years. It is saidthat Erhu did not get its name u_52_ the late Qing Dynasty. It has been improved gradually since it appeared.It is also c_53_ the Chinese violin because its tone is as soft and bright as the violins. There are manyw_54_ pieces of music played by Erhu, such as The Moon
18、Reflected on the Er-quan Spring. You can go ande_55_ the charm of them. I hope youll love them.【答案】51(o)ver52(u)ntil53(c)alled54(w)onderful#(w)orld-famous55(e)njoy#(e)xperience【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了二胡的发展历史。51句意:它有一千多年的历史。根据“ It has a history of 1,000 years”可知,此处指 1000多年的历史,over“超过”,故填(o)ver。52句意:据说二胡直到清末才得
19、名。根据“It is said that Erhu did not get its name the late Qing Dynasty.”可知,此处用 notuntil表示“直到才”,故填(u)ntil。53句意:它也被称为中国小提琴,因为它的音调和小提琴一样柔和明亮。根据“It is also c the Chinese violin”及首字母可知,二胡也被称为中国小提琴,call“称呼”,主语 it与动词 call之间是被动关系,此处用被动语态 be done的结构,空格前已有 is,故此空填过去分词,故填(c)alled。54 句意:用二胡演奏了许多美妙/著名的乐曲。根据“pieces
20、 of music”及首字母可知,此处指美妙的或者是著名的乐曲,wonderful“美妙的”,world-famous“著名的”,故填(w)onderful/(w)orld-famous。55句意:你可以去欣赏/体验它们的魅力。此空与 go构成并列关系,故此空也应填入一个动词原形,根据“thecharm of them”及首字母可知,欣赏它们的魅力,enjoy“欣赏”,experience“体验”,故填(e)njoy/(e)xperience。(四)(2022江苏扬州中考真题)根据短文内容和首字母提示,在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整,完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词)The G
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