重难点40短文填空之选词填空-2023年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练(全国通用)(原卷版).docx
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1、专项五 中考题型 重难点40 短文填空之选词填空短文选词填空题型满分技巧1. 跳过空格,速读全文,把握大意短文填空题的正确答题流程应该为:粗读全文,细读全文并完成每道题目的作笞复读检查。在粗读阶段,大家应学会无视短文填空题中的空格,直接获取整篇短文的主要信息,以便后续作答环节利用整篇文章的主旨辨别错误选项。2. 细读全文,瞻前顾后,各个击破在细读阶段, 大家首先应从语法角度直接对题目进行判断。 若无法确定答案,则应联系该空格的前后文,获得该题目的提示信息,逐一完成作答,短文填空题的解答最好按前后顺序完成,当后部题目的解笞面临困扰时,大家可再次精读前文, 寻找线索,最终正确作答。热点话题短文热衷
2、话题有:社会热点、科技、循环利用、日常生活、健康等。短文填词答题技巧口诀空前空后要注意, 名词单复要牢记。要有s不能弃。动词注意要变形, 皇帝、大臣要分清。形、副注意要用三级, 副词用法要谨记。要用数词请留意, 千万别忘基和序。填入代词需慎重, 五格变化记心中。选词填空是指把一篇文章的关键词语挖空,词序打乱,让学生根据短文内容选择正确的词语填空。此类题型主要是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章的基础上,通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词,补全短文。中考英语试卷中,短文题材非常广泛,可以是科普文、故事、体育甚至文化习俗等、不过、所选的文章,一般都是大家比较熟悉的材料。选词填空题考查学生对备选词的掌握及对语
3、法的运用能力。做题时要根据句子结构确定句中所缺词的词性,然后结合句意及备选词即可得出答案。典例解析(2020辽宁抚顺本溪辽阳)otherwecoldworthlowseldomchangehoweveronwarmhightheyDuring May, most places in China are warm. But Mount Qomolangma is still _1_ and covered with snow. At this time, a group of Chinese climbers are climbing the highest mountain in the wo
4、rld. They are going to measure(测量) the _2_ of the mountain.In fact, China already measured the height of the mountain in 1975(8,848. 13 meters) and 2005(8, 844.43 meters). But the height can _3_ as Earths plates(板块)move. As technology improves, people want to get more exact numbers._4_ , measuring i
5、ts height is not easy. The temperature there is -29, four degrees lower than that in Antarctica(南极). The snow there is 4-5 meters thick and strong winds blow all the time. Climbers have to carry scientific instruments to the worlds rooftop(屋脊). They collect data(数据) _5_ the top of the mountain. Afte
6、r that scientists study the data and calculate(计算) the height of the mountain.To deal with the difficult conditions, team members started training in January. They have to sleep in _6_ tents to keep warm. To save fresh water, climbers _7_ take a shower or wash faces. As for food, they have three dis
7、hes and soup for each meal. It is easy to keep meat fresh in such a _8_ temperature.Though there are also some _9_ difficulties that we can not think of, the mountain is_10_ measuring. An exact measurement can help to study the plate movement so that scientists can warn people the coming of the eart
8、hquakes.【短文大意】这是一篇记叙文,文章讲述5月份珠穆朗玛峰仍然很冷覆盖着雪,但是一群登山者爬上珠穆朗玛峰去测量山的高度,尽管有很多困难,但是测量是非常有价值的。准确的测量能帮助研究板块运动以便于科学家警告人们地震的到来。【答案解析】1句意:但是珠穆朗玛峰仍然很冷覆盖着雪。根据“covered with snow”可知此处用形容词cold作表语,表示虽然五月,但是珠穆朗玛峰仍然“很冷”。故答案为cold。2句意:他们将测量山的高度。定冠词the后面用名词;根据动词measure和mountain以及后文“China already measured the height of the
9、mountain”可知此处用名词height表示“高度”。故答案为height。3句意:但是高度会随着地球板块的移动而变化。情态动词can后用动词原形;根据“as Earths plates move”可知此处用动词change 表示“变化”。故答案为change。4句意:然而,测量高度不是那么容易的。此处表示转折,用however表示“然而”,句首首字母h大写。故答案为However。5句意:他们在山顶收集数据。此处用介词短语on the top of表示“在山的顶部”。故答案为on。6句意:他们不得不睡在他们的帐篷里来保暖。名词tents前面用形容词,此处根据they可知用形容词性物主代词
10、their表示“他们的帐篷”。故答案为their。7句意:为了节省淡水,爬山的人很少洗澡或洗脸。根据“To save fresh water”为了节省水,洗澡和洗脸是很少的,用频度副词seldom。故答案为seldom。8句意:在这么低的温度下保存肉的新鲜是很容易的。根据前文“The temperature there is -29”可知温度很低,温度用高低(high/low)来形容,用形容词low做定语。故答案为low。9句意:尽管还有一些其他的我们不能想象的困难,这座山值得被测量。此处用some other+复数名词,表示“一些其他的困难”。故答案为other。10句意:尽管还有一些其他的
11、我们不能想象的困难,这座山值得被测量。根据“An exact measurement can help to study the plate movement so that scientists can warn people the coming of the earthquakes”准确的测量能帮助研究板块运动以便于科学家警告人们地震的到来。可知山值得被测量,用be worth doing表示“值得做某事”。故答案为worth。(2022江苏苏州统考中考真题)请认真阅读下面短文,从方框中选择适当的单词或短语,在横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。dishfinishuntilh
12、ave a gift forso thatMom often says, “Cooking is an important skill, and it can be fun!” But I had no interest in cooking at all _1_ I met with a cooking app(应用软件). There are different kinds of recipes(菜谱)in the app. They offer detailed instructions _2_ users can follow them step by step. Most of th
13、em even include photos or videos, which are quite useful for beginners. Last week, I picked up a popular recipe to cook fish. When I _3_, it was exactly what I wanted and tasted delicious. Then I tried more recipes. Now I can cook a couple of _4_. I find cooking is great fun and it seems that I _5_
14、cooking. My plan is to invite my friends over next weekend and show them my new skills. I hope they will like my cooking.(2022浙江宁波统考中考真题)用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次 (每空一词)。happenalsoshownaturemuchLaughter is good for you, and thats no joke! A good laugh helps you right away. When you laugh, changes _6_in
15、 your body. For example, you take in _7_ air than usual, which is good for your heart. A good laugh increases your heart rate. When you laugh, your brain also releases (释放) chemicals that make you feel happy. Laughing can also make you feel relaxed for up to 45 minutes.Laughter can _8_ reduce pain.
16、You probably dont want to chuckle (偷笑) when youre hurt, but laughter helps the body make its own _9_ medicine. Laughing is also great exercise! Research _10_ that laughing 100 times is as good as riding a bike for 15 minutes.So why dont you try laughing out loud every day?(2022上海统考中考真题)选择最恰当的选项填入空格,
17、每空格限填一词,每词只能填一次(A)AawardBpleasedClitterDnatureE. tidyLast month. George and Sophie designed a community programme. After the activity, the community centre gave them a special _11_ for what they had done. The idea came to them one day as they were walking home from school through the park. They noti
18、ced that there was a lot of _12_ on the grass and by the lake. The park didnt look clean or _13_ , so they decided to plan a community clean-up day. They asked local people to come and help clear away all the rubbish. People in the community were very _14_ to hear about the plan as it could make a c
19、leaner neighbourhood. (B)Ain allBchoseCon holidayDdeliveredE. breathed In order to make it convenient for people to join them, they _15_ a Sunday for the activity. Then they contacted the community centre to ask for rubbish bags for the work. After that. they _16_ posters to the houses near the park
20、. They also put up some posters in their school. That day, more people came than expected-eighty-six volunteers _17_ . Some were from the local community and others from the school. Even tourists came to help. One family was _18_ in the area and they took part in the activity after seeing the poster
21、s. It was a successful day!(2022河南统考中考真题)阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。childhelpifwaywhichsolveintolongdeveloptheyHand washing with soap can reduce (减少) illnesses. One of the easiest _19_ to stop the spread of illness is to wash your hands. But many children havent _20_ the right
22、 habit of hand washing. Children do not wash _21_ hands often enough or long enough. Its such a simple habit, but the children arent doing it.Issar and his friend decided to _22_ the problem using a fun method. They tried many times and created a tool called Soapen. It turned hand washing _23_ a fun
23、 activity.As the name suggests, Soapen is a pen _24_ is made out of soap. The children draw on hands with the Soapen and then wash the drawing off. The colors will remain on the childrens hands _25_ they dont spend enough time washing them off. It is very _26_ for a teacher in a classroom. After all
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