广东省2022年中考英语复习学案-专题三数词.docx

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1、专题三数词考点广东省卷近5年中考统计情况201720182019202020211. 基数词2. 序数词常考基数词、序数词一览表1-12基数词序数词缩写13-19基数词序数词缩写onefirst1stthirteenthirteenth13thtwosecond2ndfourteenfourteenth14ththreethird3rdfifteenfifteenth15thfourfourth4thsixteensixteenth16thfivefifth5thseventeenseventeenth17thsixsixth6theighteeneighteenth18thsevenseve

2、nth7thnineteennineteenth19theighteighth8th整十、整百基数词序数词缩写nineninth9thtwentytwentieth20thtententh10ththirtythirtieth30theleveneleventh11thfortyfortieth40th续表1-12基数词序数词缩写13-19基数词序数词缩写twelvetwelfth12thfiftyfiftieth50th两位数和多位数(整数除外)基数词序数词缩写sixtysixtieth60thseventyseventieth70thtwenty-onetwenty-first21stei

3、ghtyeightieth80thninety-fiveninety-fifth95thninetyninetieth90thone hundred and oneone hundred and first101sthundredhundredth100th注意: 基数词变序数词的规律1. 无规律变化: first, second, third2. 4-19的变化规则: 在基数词词尾加th, 特殊: fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth3. 20-90的整十位数, 把y变成ie再加th: twentytwentieth, fortyfortieth4. 两位数和多位数(整

4、数除外)的基数词, 只需把个位变成序数词: twenty-onetwenty-first【考点一】基数词的用法用法示例(1) 1以上的基数词放在可数名词前, 名词要用复数形式。piece of, pair of等短语后不管接可数名词还是不可数名词, of前的量词前有大于1的数词时, 量词都要用复数形式。I have a/one brother and two sisters. 我有一个弟弟和两个妹妹。(2)“基数词+名词”构成复合形容词时, 数词和名词之间应用连字符“-”连接: 数词大于1时, 名词也不能用复数形式。Well have a two-week holiday. 我们将有一个为期两

5、周的假期。(3) hundred, thousand, million和billion的用法这些词前有确定数字时, 词后都不加-s。one/a hundred cars一百辆汽车three thousand apples三千个苹果这些词前没有确定数字时, 词后加-s, 且后面接of。hundreds of trees成百上千的树木thousands of books成千上万的书籍这些词前有相对具体数词(如several, a few等)时, 词后不加-s, 也不接of。several hundred tourists几百个游客【考点练】(B)1. Every year, _books are

6、given away to the poor children in the countryside. A. thousandB. thousands ofC. thousand ofD. thousands(B)2. We gave away _books to the school library last year. A. six thousandsB. six thousandC. six thousands of D. six thousand of(A)3. How many books are there on the shelf? Well. I think there are

7、_ books. A. two hundred and forty-sixB. two hundreds and forty C. two hundred fourteen D. two hundred fortieth(B)4. They worked for _days, and finished the _task successfully. A. twelve; twoB. twelve; secondC. twelfth; twoD. twelfth; second【考点二】序数词的基本用法用法示例(1)序数词在句子中主要用作定语, 因此, 前面要加定冠词the。January is

8、 the first month of the year. 一月是一年中的第一个月。(2)序数词前不用 the的情况序数词前有物主代词时。This is my third visit to Beijing. 这是我第三次来北京参观。序数词用于固定搭配时。first of all首先; every third day每三天在日期表达中。May (the)1st 5月1日并列使用两个序数词时, 后面序数词前的定冠词省略。the eighth and ninth pages第八页和第九页(3) 序数词起副词的作用, 作状语时, 前面一般不用冠词。He came second in the race.

9、 他比赛中获得了第二名。(4)表示“再一、又一”时, 序数词前一般用不定冠词。Well have to do it a second time. 我们得重做一次。【考点练】(C)1. There are_people in Dales family. They live on the_floor. A. five; nineB. fifth; nineC. five; ninthD. fifth; ninth(D)2. Please pass me _book on the right. A. fourB. fourthC. the fourD. the fourth(B)3. The apa

10、rtment has _floors and Mr Green lives on the _floor. A. twelfth; twelfthB. twelve; twelfthC. twelfth; twelveD. twelve; twelve【考点三】其他重点用法1. 表达年、月、日用法示例(1)年和年代用基数词, 多用阿拉伯数字表示。in 1997 在1997年(2)表示“几十年代”用整十的基数词的复数。in the 1980s 在20世纪80年代(3)表示“某日”, 书写形式可以用基数词, 也可以用序数词。读时一般按序数词形式。英语年、月、日的排列顺序为: 月日年或日月年。如果用o

11、f结构只能是: 日月年。August 8(th), 2017 /8(th) August, 2017 / the 8th of August, 2017 2017年8月8日(4) 表达世纪 可以用定冠词加序数词加century(世纪)表示in the sixth / 6th century在6世纪 世纪可以用定冠词加百位进数加-s /-s表示in the 1900s/ 1900s在20世纪年份的读法一般情况下, 将表示年份的四个数字按前后分为两组, 每一组的数字都按基数词读1898 年读作: eighteen ninety-eight如果前两个数字为非“零”数字, 后两位数分别为“零”, 则先

12、读出前两位数, 然后将后面的两个“零”读为hundred。1900年读作: nineteen hundred 第三个数字为“零”(其他数字不是“零”)的年份, 将该“零”读为O。1809年读作: eighteen O nine 续表用法示例表示年份的四个数字; 中间两个数字为“零”的年份, 有两种读法: 前两位数字按基数词读整十, 第三个数字读O, 第四位数字读基数词; 或者用“. . . thousand and . . . ”。2008年读作: twenty O eight 或two thousand and eight非四位数的年份, 有两种读法: 按照基数词的方法来读或者一个一个数字来

13、读。531BC 读作: five three one BC 或 five hundred and thirty-one BC2. 表达编号用法示例编号的表示法: 名词(首字母大写) +基数词(首字母大写) = the+序数词(首字母小写) +名词(首字母小写) =名词(首字母大写) +阿拉伯数字。Unit Five = the fifth unit= Unit 5第五单元Page Four=the fourth page = Page 4第四页但如果数字较大时, 特别是房间、公交车号等, 多用“名词+阿拉伯数字”形式。Room 308 308号房间Bus No. 3三路公共汽车3. 表达页码、

14、段落用法示例表示第几页或第几段用“Page/Paragraph +基数词”或“the+序数词+ page/paragraph”Please turn to Page four and read the fourth paragraph. 请翻到第四页, 读第四段。4. 表达时刻时间顺读法逆读法规律six(oclock)/表达时刻用基数词顺读法: 小时+分钟逆读法: 先读分钟后读小时six thirtyhalf past six分钟小于或等于30用past8: 28 = twenty eight past eight分钟大于30用to, 分钟数用60减, 小时数要加1(差多少分钟到下一钟点)8:

15、 52 =eight( 60 -52 )to nine(8+1)半小时用half, 一刻钟(15分钟)用quarter4: 15 =a quarter past four一个半小时: one hour and a half = one and a half hourssix fifteena quarter past sixsix forty-fivea quarter to sevensix tenten past sixsix fifty-twoeight to seven5. 表达年龄用法示例(1)一般直接用基数词表示Her daughter is eighteen. 她的女儿18岁。(

16、2)用“基数词+years old”表示Her daughter is eighteen years old. 她的女儿18岁。(3)“基数词+名词+old”也可以构成复合形容词, 表示“岁的”, 此结构常作定语, 三个词之间都用连字符连接, 前面的数字大于1时, 中间的名词词尾也不能加-sA three-year-old boy is playing with his sister on grass. 一个3岁的小男孩正在草地上同他姐姐一起玩耍。(4)“几十岁”, 用整十的基数词的复数。in his eighties 在他80多岁时6. 倍数与度量单位的表达法倍数的表达一倍= once两倍=

17、twice三倍以上=基数词+ times度量单位的表达1厘米=1 centimeter3英尺=3 feet2英寸=2 inches9米深=9 meters deep10米宽=10 meters wide11米长=11 meters long6千米=6 kilometers(km)4千克=4 kilograms(kg)5磅=5 pounds示例This book is twice thicker than that one. 这本书比那本书厚两倍(这本书是那本书的三倍厚)。They have done three times as much housework as we do. 他们做的家务活

18、是我们的三倍。7. 分数、小数、百分数的表达分数的表达分子用基数词, 分母用序数词1/3 one third; 1/9 one ninth分子大于“1”, 分母则加“s”2/3 two thirds; 7/8 seven eighths一些特殊的词1/2 a(one)half; 1/4 one fourth或a(one)quarter3/4 three fourths或three quarters小数的表达表示有小数的词用基数词, 小数点读point, 0读o或zero, 小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出即可。7. 05 seven point zero five3. 14159three

19、point one four one five nine百分数的表达百分数由基数词+percent 来表示(先读基数词, 再读百分号)50% fifty percent 0. 8% zero point eight percent注意: 分数作主语时, 谓语动词要根据分数后的名词来确定, 如果是不可数名词就要用单数, 是可数名词复数则用复数。如: One third of the students in our class have been to the Great Wall. 我们班三分之一的学生去过长城。 Four fifths of the water is drunk by the

20、children. 五分之四的水被孩子们喝了。【考点练】(A)1. Last year, one hundred English teachers took part in the _English Summer Training. A. two-monthB. two-monthsC. two months D. two month (B)2. About _of the students in Grade Nine this year were born in the_. A. three five; 1996B. three fifths; 1990s C. third fifth; 1

21、997D. third fifths; 1990s (D)3. The words from Page 1 to Page 3 are very clear. But the ones on the _page are not. A. firstB. twoC. threeD. fourth(A)4. What do you think is the greatest inventions of _century? A. the twentiethB. twentiethC. twentyD. the twenty(B)1. (2019襄阳中考)Is Dongjin High-speed Ra

22、ilway Station the _largest in Hubei Province? Yes, of course. Its just a little smaller than the largest one in Wuhan. A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth(B)2. (2020黔南州中考)Tomorrow we are going to celebrate my dear grandpas _birthday. A. eightyB. eightiethC. eightD. eighth(A)3. (2020鄂州中考)Because of th

23、e special situation this year, about _of the students in our school _having classes on the Internet at home. A. two thirds; areB. two third; isC. second thirds; areD. two thirds; is (C)4. (2020益阳中考)We all know that _birds fly to Dongting Lake in winter. A. millionB. millionsC. millions ofD. million

24、of(B)5. (2020广元中考)There are fifty students in this class, _of them are boys, so the number of the boys is 30. A. three fifth B. three fifths C. three five D. third five(D)6. (2020百色中考) The environment here becomes better and better. _ birds are coming back. A. HundredB. HundredsC. ThousandD. Thousan

25、ds of(B)7. (2021达州中考)My mother will be _years old next week. Im planning to buy a gift for her _birthday. A. fourty; fourtiethB. forty; fortiethC. fourty; fortiethD. forty; fourtieth(B)8. (2021泸州中考)When was the Communist Party of China founded? In 1921. Its her _birthday this year. A. hundredB. hund

26、redthC. hundreds ofD. the hundredth(B)9. (2021武威中考)Whats twenty and fifty? Its _. A. fiftyB. seventyC. eightyD. ninety(B)10. (2021黔东南州中考)About _of the students in Kaili _to school by bus. A. two fifth; goB. two fifths; goC. two fifth; goesD. two fifths; goes语法选择In a far-away place, there was a villa

27、ge. The village was richer in potatoes than anywhere else in the country. At the end of every growing season, 1potatoes were dug out of the ground, and readied for market. In each home, men and women would 2 divide the potatoes into three groupslarge, medium and small. One year, there was a young ma

28、n3 received his share of the potatoes. As the other villagers were working, he walked around the village laughing and talking. 4villagers thought he was lazy, and they worried that this man would never get5 potatoes ready in time. When it was time for the villagers to go to market, they were greatly

29、 surprised to find that the mans potatoes6perfectly into three groups. After asking the man how he did it, they understood he was not lazy, 7very clever. He had put all his potatoes in a cart and pulled it along the villages rough dirt road. As the cart moved up and down over the road, the potatoes

30、moved8. The small potatoes moved to the bottom, the larger potatoes rose to the top and the medium potatoes rested 9 the middle. Life is like this too. The rough roads we travel along can also 10 us. (D)1. A. thousand withB. thousands withC. thousand ofD. thousands of(A)2. A. busilyB. busyC. busierD

31、. more busily(B)3. A. whoseB. whoC. whichD. what(C)4. A. AB. AnC. TheD. /(D)5. A. heB. himC. himselfD. his(B)6. A. are dividedB. were dividedC. are dividingD. divided(D)7. A. orB. soC. andD. but(D)8. A. neitherB. eitherC. alsoD. too(B)9. A. onB. inC. withD. by(B)10. A. to helpB. helpC. helpsD. helped关闭Word文档返回原板块