初中英语中考复习专项中考重点句式一基础讲解.docx
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1、 中考重点句式一 撰稿:郭素清 责编:白雪雁【真题再现】I. 根据中文意思完成句子。(2012 北京市)1. 很抱歉我没能参加你的生日晚会。_for missing your birthday party.2. 你在课余时间喜欢读书吗?Do you _ in your spare time?3. 杰克会和同学们相处得很好。Jack will _ his classmates.4. 这个演讲非常精彩。我们都听得很认真。The speech _ we all listened carefully.5. 他们很难在这么短的时间内想出新的办法。_ a new way in such a short t
2、ime.II根据中文意思完成句子。(2012 随州市)1. 这本书我能借多久?三个星期。你得按时还。 How long can I _ the book? Three weeks. You must _ it on time.2.你最好不要迟到了。 Youd better not _ late _ school again.3.昨天早晨李明八点才起床。 Li Ming _ get up _ eight oclock yesterday morning.4.他说他不知道王女士将何时前往随州市。 He said he didnt know when Ms Wang was _ _ Suizhou
3、City.5. 麦克和哈里决心更加努力地学习。Mike and Harry have _ their _to study harder.6.我宁愿在家里看电视也不愿到外面踢足球。I would_ watch TV plays at home _ play soccer outside.7.老师告诉这个男孩不要在游戏上花太多的时间。 The teacher told the boy not to _ too much time _ games.【答案与解析】I根据中文意思完成句子。1. I am sorry 2. like / enjoy reading 3. get along/on well
4、 with 4. was so wonderful that 5. Its difficult for them to come up with II. 根据中文意思补全句子。1. keep/have; return 2. be; for 3. didnt; until 4. leaving for 5. made; minds 6. rather; than 7. spend;playing【用法讲解】考试要求:中考重点句型即中考经常考查的句型,在中考试卷中单项选择和句型转换以及完成句子中经常考到这些重点的句型,同学们在中考冲刺阶段需要确认是否已经掌握了这些重点的句型结构和它们的典型用法,特
5、别是一些重点句子的表达方式。掌握了这些重点句型对于同学们解答阅读理解、听力和书面表达等都会有很大的帮助。1. 常考重点句型:(1) be afraid of doing / to do /that从句(2)be busy doing sth./ with sth.(3) be famous / late /ready / sorry +for sth.(4) be glad that (5) make/ let /have sb. (not) do sth. (6) ask / tell /want sb. (not) to do sth.(7) give/ buy/ lend/ sb. st
6、h.(8) tell/ ask sb. how to do sth.(9) get on well with(10) get ready for / get sth ready(11) help sb do/(to) do ; help sb with (12) Its time +for sb. to do sth.(13) Its 形容词for/of sb. to do sth.(14) would rather do.(15) had better do sth.(16) Its better/ best to do sth.(17) enjoy/ finish/ practice/ m
7、ind/feel like doing sth.(18) keep sb doing/ keep/make sth +adj(19)stop to do (doing) sth.(20) keep/ stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.(21) prefer 宾语Ato 宾语B(22)used to do sth.(23) be/get/become used to doing sth.(24) 含有too . to do sth.结构的句型(25) 含有so.that的句型(26) It takessb. some timeto do sth.(27)spend
8、 时间/金钱on sth./ doing sth.(28) see/ hear/ watch sb. do/doing sth.(29) Thanks for + doing sth.(30) The 形容词/副词的比较级,the 形容词/副词的比较级.1. 中考重点句型详解: (1)be afraid of doing / that 从句这个句型表示“某人害怕或担心做某事”,be动词随着句子的主语人称和数的变化而变化。1) be afraid of的后面用名词或动名词形式作宾语,表示“某人害怕做某事”, 也可以用be afraid todo sth.。例如:My little sister
9、is afraid of dogs. 我的小妹妹害怕狗。He doesnt want to speak English, because he is afraid of making mistakes.他不想说英语,因为担心出错。2) be afraid +that从句,一般用来要说出对方不愿意听到的内容的客气的说法,多译成“恐怕”。例如:I am afraid that I cant help you. 我恐怕不能帮助你。(2) be busy doing sth./ with sth.这个句型表示“某人忙于做某事”,be busy的后面接动词时用动名词,接名词或者代词时用be busy w
10、ith。例如:Our teacher is busy correcting our homework.=Our teacher is busy with our homework.我们的老师正忙于批改我们的作业。(3) 主语be famous / late /ready / sorry for 宾语这个句型的意思是“因为某人或者某事而出名/ 迟到/ 做好准备/ 道歉”,其中介词for表示原因。例如:The old man is famous for his handwriting. 这个老年人因为他的书法而出名。We are sorry for not taking part in your
11、birthday party. 没能参加你的生日聚会我们感到抱歉。(4) be glad +that从句这个句型表示“对于某事很高兴”,that 后跟一个句子,这里的that可以省掉。类似的用法还有be happy/pleased that+从句。例如:I am glad that every student is studying as hard as possible. 对于每个学生都尽可能努力学习,我很欣慰。Im glad that you passed the exam. 对于你通过了考试,我很高兴。He is pleased(that)his daughter gives him a
12、 present for his birthday every year. 他很满意女儿每年在他生日时,送他一个生日礼物。(5) make/ let /have sb. (not) do sth使役动词make/ let/ have的后面用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,意思是“使/ 让某人做某事”而此句型谓语动词变成被动语态时,要把省略的to加上。例如:My father often makes me do my homework for an hour at home. 我的爸爸每天使我在家做一个小时的家庭作业。He was made to work more than ten hour
13、s a day. 每天他被迫工作十多个小时。(6) ask / tell /want sb. (not) to do sth.动词ask、tell、want的后面可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语,意思是“要求/ 告诉/ 想要某人做某事”。例如:My teacher often tells us to do our homework at home. 我们的老师经常告诉我们在家做我们的家庭作业。What did your father say just now? 你父亲刚才说什么?He asked me to help him clean his car. 他要我帮他擦车。(7)give/ buy/
14、 lend sb. sth.give/ buy/ lend等动词后可以跟双宾语,谓语动词的变化和句子的主语保持一致,意思是“给某人某物/ 给某人买某物/ 借给某人某物”,表示某物的宾语是直接宾语,表示某人的宾语是间接宾语。如果直接宾语在前面,间接宾语在后面要用介词to/for。有类似用法的动词很多,常见的能与to连用的有:give,lend,bring,hand,pass,read,return,sell,show,teach,tell,throw常见的能与for连用的有:buy,choose,cook,find,get,make,order,prepare 例如:My mother boug
15、ht me a new sweater yesterday. My mother bought a new sweater for me yesterday. 昨天我妈妈给我买了一件新毛衣。(8) tell/ ask + (sb.) +how to do sth.动词tell/ask/ know/ show等动词的后面用“疑问词+动词不定式”构成的短语作宾语,相当于疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如:Can you tell me where to buy this kind of flowers? Can you tell me where I can buy this kind of flower
16、?你能告诉我在哪里买这种花吗?(9) get on well with sb 该句式表示“和某人相处的融洽”,同义词组有get along well with sb。例如:I get along well with my classmates. 我和我的同学们相处的很好。 Mary is selfish. She can hardly get on well with everyone.Mary很自私,几乎和每个人关系都不好。另外,get along也有进展、进行的意思。例如:How are you getting along with your English?你的英语学得怎样?(10) g
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