广东省2022年中考英语复习学案-专题四代词.docx

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1、专题四代词考点广东省卷近5年中考统计情况201720182019202020211. 人称代词2. 物主代词3. 反身代词4. 指示代词5. 不定代词代词分类汇总人称人称的数人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第一人称单数Imemyminemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves

2、指示代词单数this / that复数these / those疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what不定代词one / some /any, each / every, none / no, many / much, all / both, few / little / a few / a little, other / another, neither / either, someone / somebody, anyone / anybody, everyone / everybody, no one / nobody, everything / someth

3、ing / anything / nothing【考点一】人称代词1. 人称代词的分类及用法分类人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单复数单数复数单数复数单数复数主格Iweyouyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouyouhimheritthem用法人称代词的主格在句中作主语She is my English teacher. 她是我的英语老师。人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语Mr Liu doesnt allow us to go out alone. 刘老师不允许我们独自外出。All of us like reading the story. 我们所有人都喜欢读这个故事。2. it的用法基本用法

4、用法示例1. 指时间、天气、距离、季节或星期等Its eight oclock now. 现在8点了。(指时间)Its getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了。(指天气)Its five miles from my home to school. 从我家到学校5英里。(指距离)2. 指代上文提及的内容My father bought a present for me and I liked it very much. 我爸爸给我买了一份礼物, 我非常喜欢它。3. 指婴儿或不明身份、性别的人以及谈话双方都知道的人或事Who is knocking at the do

5、or? 谁在敲门? It must be Li Lei. He said he would come tonight. 一定是李磊。他说过今天晚上过来。特殊用法1. 用作形式主语, 常用于“Its+adj. +to do sth. ”句型中Its difficult to solve this problem. 解决这个问题很困难。Its very important to study English well. 学好英语很重要。2. 用作形式宾语, 常用于“sb. find(s) / think(s) it+adj. +to do sth. ”句型中I find it useful to l

6、earn English well. 我发现学好英语很有用。We thought it hard to finish the work on time. 我们认为按时完成工作很难。3. 用于“Its time to do sth. /for sth. ”句型中Its time to go home. 是时候回家了。Its time for class. 该上课了。4. it与one的区别I cant find my pen. I think I must buy one. 我找不到我的钢笔了, 我想我必须再买一支。(同类不同物)I cant find my pen. I dont know w

7、here I put it. 我找不到我的钢笔了。我不知道我把它放在哪儿了。 (同类同一物)【考点练】 (A)1. Sunnys uncle is a teacher. _ enjoys staying with kids. A. HeB. SheC. ItD. I(B)2. Yuan Longping is very creative. We all look up to _. A. itB. himC. herD. she(C)3. Brown draws a picture of the criminal, and the police put _on the Internet to f

8、ind him. A. himB. herC. itD. one(B)4. Hello, are you Mr Morrison? Yes. Thats _. A. himB. meC. youD. us【考点二】物主代词分类人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单复数单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourhisheritstheir名词性mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs用法 形容词性物主代词只能作定语, 修饰后面所接的名词; 而名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”, 相当于名词的用法。如: This is my book. = The

9、book is mine (=my book). 这是我的书。【考点练】 (C)1. Uncle Lee, may I use your bike? Sorry, mine is broken. You can ask your aunt for_. A. mineB. hisC. hersD. her(D)2. Hey Jenny, which are my gifts for Fathers Day? The yellow gifts are _and the red_belong to grandpa. A. your; one B. yours; one C. you; ones D.

10、 yours; ones(C)3. Allan, I found a red eraser under your chair. Is it yours? Oh, yes. Its_. Thank you, Mike. A. meB. myC. mineD. I(C)4. Their plants dont grow very well, but _look really good. A. weB. ourC. oursD. ourselves【考点三】反身代词反身代词的分类和用法(与被指代人在人称和数上保持一致, 意为“某人自己”)人称代词反身代词人称代词反身代词单数第一人称Imyself复数

11、第一人称weourselves第二人称youyourself第二人称youyourselves第三人称he/she/ithimself/herself/itself第三人称theythemselves用法作宾语Her sister is too young to dress herself. 她妹妹太小不会自己穿衣服。主语同位语He himself is always making such mistakes. 他自己总是犯这种错误。宾语同位语Youd better ask your wife herself. 你最好问问你妻子本人。常考短语help oneself to sth. 请自便;

12、别客气enjoy oneself玩得开心leave one by oneself把某人单独留下teach oneself sth. = learn sth. by oneself自学 (all) by oneself(全)靠自己dress oneself自己穿衣服make oneself at home使某人宾至如归 look after oneself照顾自己 say to oneself自言自语come to oneself苏醒keep. . . to oneself保守秘密 【考点练】 (C)1. Nobody taught the old lady how to use WeChat.

13、 She learned it all by _. A. sheB. herC. herselfD. hers(B)2. Our teachers and parents will be proud of us because we have grown up and can be responsible for_. A. themselvesB. ourselvesC. yourselvesD. myself(C)3. Welcome you all to Guangyuan and enjoy _here. A. youB. yourC. yourselvesD. yours(B)4. L

14、ook! The boys are making the model boat by _. A. himselfB. themselvesC. ourselvesD. yourselves(B) 5. When times are difficult, tell _that pain is part of growing. A. youB. yourselfC. yourD. yours【考点四】指示代词定义表示时间和空间远近关系的代词叫指示代词。分类this(单)、these(复)指在空间和时间上较近的事物This is a map of China and that is a map of

15、 the world. 这是一张中国地图, 那是一张世界地图。that(单)、those(复)指在空间和时间上较远的事物I like these books better than those. 比起那些书, 我更喜欢这些书。续表用法作主语Those are my parents. 那些(人)是我的父母。作宾语Throw it like that. 像那样扔。作表语The toys Tom likes are those in the basket. 汤姆喜欢的玩具是篮子里的那些。作定语These pictures are drawn by a blind man. 这些画是一位盲人画的。用法

16、特殊用法前面刚刚提到过的事物, 常用that, those表示。Im sorry to hear that. 听到那我很难过。 下文将要提到的事情, 可用these, this表示启下的作用。Tell the children to do like this: knock the stick into the earth first, then tie the tree to it. 告诉孩子们这样做: 先把棍子插到地上, 然后把树拴在上面。 打电话时, 常用“that”询问对方是“谁”, 用“this”介绍自己。 Hello! Who is that? 你好, 请问是哪位? Hello! T

17、his is Bob speaking. 你好, 我是鲍勃。【考点练】 (B)1. Mr Han, how is the weather in Anshun now, please? Actually, it is cooler than_in Guiyang. A. itB. thatC. thisD. those(A)2. Hello, may I speak to Daisy? Hi! A. This is Daisy speaking. B. She is Daisy. C. What is Daisy? D. That is Daisy. (C)3. After the new hi

18、gh-speed railway line began operations, the time on the trip from Lianyungang to Qingdao now is much less than _in the past. A. oneB. thisC. that D. it 【考点五】疑问代词类别用法示例what(指物)意为“什么”, 常泛指“哪一类”What are your parents? 你父母做什么工作? which(指人或物)意为“哪一个; 哪一些”, 可单独使用, 也可修饰名词Which train will you take? 你准备乘哪趟列车? W

19、hich do you prefer, pop music or country music? 你更喜欢哪种, 流行音乐还是乡村音乐? who( m )(指人)who意为“谁”, 在句中作主语、表语或宾语; whom只能作动词或介词的宾语Who(m) did you meet on the street? 你在街上碰到了谁? whose(指人)whose意为“谁的”, 可放在名词前Whose wallet is this? 这是谁的钱包? 【考点练】(B)1. _dictionary is this? Its very nice. I think it is Marys. A. WhoB. W

20、hoseC. WhomD. Which(D)2. _do you plan to buy? I havent made up my mind. Ill just look around. A. WhoB. HowC. Why D. What (C)3. _is standing there? Mr Zhang. A WhatB. WhomC. WhoD. What(B)4. Excuse me, can you tell me _is the way to the post office? A. whoseB. whichC. howD. what【考点六】不定代词1. 常见的不定代词有: s

21、ome, any, one, each, every, no, none, all, both, either, neither, many, much, a few, a little, other, another, the other等。2. 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody, everything, everyone, everybody等不定代词时, 形容词放在不定代词的后面。如: something important重要的东西; nothing interesting没有有趣的东西。3. 易混

22、不定代词辨析one / some/anyone泛指任何人, 也可特指, 复数为ones; one/ones 指代上文提及的名词The first cup is bigger than the second one. 第一个杯子比第二个杯子大。some用于肯定句, 表示“一些”, 修饰可数名词或不可数名词; 用于疑问句中, 表示说话人有建议、请求等I have some questions to ask. 我想问一些问题。Would you like some tea? 你想喝茶吗? Yes, Id love to. 是的, 我想喝。any用于否定句和一般疑问句Do you have any b

23、ooks? 你有一些书吗? No, I dont have any books. 不, 我没有任何书。many/muchmany +可数名词复数much+不可数名词I have many friends, but I cant find out much information about them. 我有许多朋友, 但我找不到关于他们的很多信息了。each/everyeach强调个体, 表两个或两个以上中的每一个, 可接动词单数形式, 可与of连用Each student has a dictionary. 每个学生都有一本字典。Each of us has a dictionary. =

24、We each have a dictionary. 我们每一个人都有一本字典。every 强调整体, 不单独使用, 表三个或三个以上的每一个, 不可与of直接连用Every student has strong and weak points. 每个学生都有优点和缺点。all/bothall指三个或三个以上的人或物, 后接动词复数形式All of us are here today. 今天我们都到齐了。both意为“两者都”, 后接名词, 动词用复数形式Both his eyes were seriously burned. 他的双眼都严重烧伤了。neither/eitherneither指

25、“两者都不”, 谓语动词用单数形式Neither of us wants to be a doctor. 我们两个都不想当医生。either 指“两者中的任何一个”, 谓语动词用单数形式Either of us is a doctor. 我们两人(中的任何一个)都是医生。注: There are many flowers on both sides / either side of the road. 路的两边(任何一边)都有很多花。续表no one/none/nothingno one相当于nobody, 只能指人, 作主语时谓语动词用单数; 常用来回答who的提问, 其后不可以接of短语W

26、ho has been to the USA? 谁去过美国? No one. 没有人。none既可指人也可指物, 表示“没有人; 没有东西”; 作主语时, 谓语动词用单复数皆可, 其后可以接of短语How much water is here in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少水? None. 没有一点水。None of the student are/is afraid of difficulties. 没有学生害怕困难。nothing指物, 作主语时谓语动词用单数形式What did you see? 你看到了什么? Nothing. 什么都没看到。other/others/the

27、 other/ the others/anotherother 表示“其他的”, 后接名词He is taller than any other student in our class. 他比我们班上任何其他学生都要高。others = other+复数名词, 泛指其他人或物, 后不能接名词In my class, some students love music, some like drawing and others / other students enjoy reading. 我班里一些学生喜欢音乐, 一些喜欢画画, 还有一些喜欢阅读。 the other 表两者中的另一个, 其结

28、构为one. . . the other. . . I have two sisters. One is a doctor, and the other is a teacher. 我有两个姐姐。一个是医生, 另一个是老师。the others =the other+名词, 指整体中除去 部分后剩余的全部Two students in our class failed, but the others / the other students passed the exam. 我们班上除了两个学生考试没通过外, 其他的都通过了。another指三个或三个以上的“另一个; 再一个”I dont l

29、ike this shirt. Please show me another one. 我不喜欢这件衬衫, 请给我拿另外一件。few/a few/little/ a littlea few(肯定)few(否定)修饰或代替可数名词Few of us have his address. He never tells us. 我们当中几乎没有人知道他的地址。他从未告诉过我们。 There are a few apples on the tree. They are red. 这棵树上有一些苹果。它们是红色的。a little(肯定)little(否定)修饰或代替不可数名词There is littl

30、e rain here in summer, so it is very dry here. 这里夏天几乎不下雨, 所以很干旱。I can speak a little English, but I can speak little French. 我会说一点英语, 但我几乎不会说法语。4. 复合不定代词(1) 形容词修饰复合不定代词时后置something important 重要的事情(2) 复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词通常用单数Is everybody here today? 今天大家都到齐了吗? (3) 常见的复合不定代词somebody, someone, something, an

31、ybody, anyone, anything, nobody, nothing, everybody, everyone, everything特殊情况: no one/ nobody来回答, 强调物或人。注意: 用what/who提问的句子, 表示否定时分别用 nothing和nobody。用 how many/ how much提问的句子, 表示否定时只能用none来回答, 强调数量。How many of these books have you read? 这些书, 你读过几本? Sorry. None. 抱歉。一本也没有读。【考点练】(D)1. As the lights in t

32、he room went out, it was very dark and _could be seen clearly. A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing(B)2. Did you get the book from a bookstore or online? _. I borrowed it from the library. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None (A)3. Is there_ in todays morning news on CCTV-1? Yes, France Te

33、am beat Korea Team by 40 in the 8th FIFA Womens World Cup in France _June 8, 2019. A. anything special; on B. something special; in C. special something; onD. anything special; in(A)4. Where would you like to go tomorrow, Huangguoshu Waterfall or Dragon Palace? _ is OK for me. Its up to you. A. Eith

34、erB. Neither C. BothD. All(A)1. (2020鄂州中考)President Xi Jinping wrote a letter to the Young Pioneers of China to celebrate _70th anniversary(周年纪念日). A. theirB. themC. theirsD. they(B)2. (2020丹东中考)What would you like, milk or coffee? _. Id like some orange juice. A. NoneB. NeitherC. EachD. Either(A)3.

35、 (2020温州中考)Can you play volleyball or basketball? _ of them. Im good at ball games. A. BothB. EitherC. NeitherD. None(D)4. (2020黔南州中考)Judy, is that boy with glasses _new classmate? Yes. Lets say hello to_. A. we; heB. us; himselfC. ours; hisD. our; him(C)5. (2020铜仁中考) Maria, how do you like Journey

36、to the West of the four classic novels of Chinese literature? Wonderful! I like _very much. A. oneB. themC. itD. its(D)6. (2020无锡中考)What do we know about the next Olympic Games? Very _. The only news is that they wont cancel it. A. a fewB. fewC. a littleD. little(C)7. (2020重庆中考A卷)Boys and girls, you

37、 should look after _when your parents are not at home. A. himselfB. herselfC. yourselvesD. themselves(C)8. (2019鄂州中考) I tried several ways to work out the math problem, but _of them worked. Never give up. I believe youll make it. A. allB. eachC. noneD. neither (A)9. (2020大庆中考)This is _dictionary. _

38、is better than Johns. A. her; HersB. her; HerC. hers; HerD. hers; Hers(C)10. (2021黔东南州中考)On December 31, 2020, the New Year speech _President Xi Jinping made encouraged us Chinese to work harder for our motherland. A. whoB. whoseC. whichD. what(D)11. (2021凉山中考)The earth, the only home of _, is now i

39、n danger. Thats for sure. Its our duty to save it. A. yoursB. hers C. his D. ours(C)12. (2021宿迁中考)Is _here? Yes. We are all ready. A. somebodyB. neitherC. everybodyD. none(A)13. (2021武威中考)I have a few books on Chinese food. You can borrow _if you want. A. oneB. itC. muchD. a little(C)14. (2021达州中考)T

40、he two books are _about English. You can choose _of them to read. A. all; bothB. all; eitherC. both; eitherD. both; neither(A)15. (2021连云港中考)Miss Li, a humorous teacher, taught _maths last term. A. usB. ourC. ours D. ourselves语法选择Once upon a time, a king loved music so much that he searched the worl

41、d for the best instrument. One day, a magic man1the king a harp(竖琴). The king took it to the palace, but2he played it, the harp sounded terrible. Many3people tried. They agreed that the harp was useless and the king had been fooled. The harp4out as rubbish. A poor little girl5found the harp, and eve

42、n though she didnt know how to play it. She decided6a try. She played and played, the whole day through, for months and years. The music she produced was never perfect, 7each time it sounded a little better. Then one day, suddenly, the harp started to play the most beautiful music. In fact, it was8m

43、agic harp, and could only be played well by someone who would put in the necessary efforts. The king heard the music through his window, and called the girl to the palace. When the king saw that she was playing his old harp, he was filled9joy. At that moment, he made the girl as10own private musician, giving her and her family many riches. (C)1. A. offerB. was offeringC. offeredD. has offered(A)2. A. whenB. beforeC. ifD. because(B)3. A. another B. ot