备战中考初中英语考点50短文填空之自由填空.docx

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1、考点五十 短文填空之自由填空把语法知识测试全部放在语篇中进行，旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的词汇、语法等基础知识和对句型结构的灵活运用能力，而且还要求考生有良好的语感和一定的阅读理解能力。自由填空是中考短文填空中难度最大的，这种题目因题型的开放性和综合性而备受关注。试题特点是一篇短文挖空810个单词，且没有任何提示，让考生根据短文内容自由填词，难度较大，主观性较强，有时可能出现多种答案。二、满分技巧1. 解题步骤：（1）快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单把握的空，可以先填出来；（2）上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；（

2、3）通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。（1）名词前面一般用冠词、代词或介词等。（2）如果需要填入代词，就要考虑到是人称代词的主格、宾格或物主代词的变化、指示代词的用法；（3）并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and, but, or等；（4）两句之间，如果不是并列句，则很可能是主从句，因此需要填入从属连词（what,which, who, how, when等）。或者是宾语从句，定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词。这种空格需要同学们根据句子结构，分析到底是什

3、么从句，从而选择合适的从属连词。AMany people say that they are working too _1_ hours. They dont have free time with their families. They cant take care _2_ things at home. They dont have time to relax.Work hours are _3_ _ from one country to another. In France, people spend about 1646 hours a year at work. In Japan

4、ese, however, people work about 2159 hours a year. That means a Japanese worker works 513 more hours a year _4_a French worker. That is about 12 weekends of extra(额外的) work!_5_ do people work so many hours? Some people work extra hours because they want to get more money, but many companies dont pay

5、 _6_ extra work. The people in these companies work extra hours because they think its their duty. Some people are afraid they will _7_ their job if they dont work extra hours.Many people say that their vacations are too short. In France, people get five weeks of paid vacation. In Germany, they get

6、about four weeks. In the United States, two weeks of _8_is the average(平均). And many people dont _9_ _ all of their vacation days. In one survey, in England, fewer than half of workers used all their vacation days. In English, people say,all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.That is true, there

7、 are a lot of _10_ people in the world.BVisitors to Japan are often excited about the delicious food, but many people are a little nervous _1_ what to do at restaurants or in a Japanese household. So its helpful to know basic table _2_ before going to Japan. _3_ people use knives, forks, spoons and

8、chopsticks to eat. But chopsticks are the most _4_ utensils(用具). When you are eating dinner with some Japanese friends, dont directly pass _5_ from your chopsticks to somebody elses chopsticks. Its also important not to _6_ chopsticks vertically (垂直地) into food, especially into a bowl of rice. Its n

9、ot _7_ to move your chopsticks up and down above dishes or to point at somebody with your chopsticks.It is polite to lift small bowls of rice or soup when you eat. It _8_ you from dropping food. In Japan, it is common to slurp(吃时嘴唇发出很响的声音) while _9_ noodles. People say the noodles taste better _10_

10、they make slurping noises.CWhen I first met my fifth-grade teacher, I was happy. She seemed pretty nice, so I was excited to _1_ a whole year with her. Every day the class would do a warm-up and then discuss it. We would also read stories, sing songs and learn about different cultures around the wor

11、ld. I thought I was very lucky to have such a great, kind and caring _2_.When December came around, my teacher suddenly stopped _3_ to school. The whole class missed _4_. Rumors（谣言）spread around the school about _5_ she didnt come to school.Shes _6_ holiday, some girls explained to each other during

12、 lunchtime.Shes got really tired of us and decided _7_ to teach us anymore, some boys said._8_ no one knew the truth.For the rest of the school year, I never saw her again. In the middle of the sixth grade, I received a disturbing（令人不安的）message. She had died of cancer（癌症）. I _9_ very upset. I wish I

13、 could visit her in the hospital. Whenever I think about her, I remember all of the happy times we had together. Because of her, I can understand what matters most to me. I never told her how much she meant to me. And now its too _10_.A【文章大意】短文谈论的是工人的工作时间问题。开头先尖锐地指出工作时间太多的问题，随后对法国和日本的工作时间进行对比，印证各国的工

14、作时间不同，然后求证工作时间太多的原因，是因为许多工人害怕失业，最后对超时工作的人提出了批评。1. many 【解析】句意：很多人说他们工作时间太多了。hours复数名词，前面可加表数量的形容词；too太，副词，后接形容词修饰名词。根据句意，可知填many。2. of 【解析】句意：他们不能照顾家里的事情。take care of照顾，照料，后接名词，固定短语。根据句意，可知填of。3. different 【解析】句意：从一个国家到另一个国家工作时间是不同的。from one to another从一个到另一个。根据下文法国和日本的工作时间对比，可知每个国家的工作时间不一样，故填differ

15、ent。4. than 【解析】句意：这意味着一个日本工人比一个法国工人每年多工作513个小时。根据句意，这里是对两个国家进行了比较。more.than比多。根据句意，故填than。5. Why 【解析】句意：为什么人们工作这么多个小时？根据下个句子Some people work extra hours because they want to get more money.给出了原因，可知上一句问的是为什么。故填Why。6. for 【解析】句意：但是许多公司不支付额外的工作量。pay for sth.为付钱，固定短语。根据句意和语境，可知填for。7. lose 【解析】句意：有些人担心

16、如果他们不加班，他们就会失业。lose job失业。根据句意和语境，可知填lose。8. vacation 【解析】句意：在美国，有平均两周的假期。根据下一句And many people dont use all of their vacation days .可知，填vacation。9. use 【解析】句意：而且许多人不实际使用他们所有的假期。根据句意和语境，可知填use。10. dull 【解析】句意：世界上有很多无趣的人。dull迟钝的。根据上一句all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.可知填dull。B【文章大意】本文主要介绍日本的基

17、本餐桌礼仪。1. about 【解析】句意：到日本的游客常常对美味的食物感到兴奋，但许多人对在餐馆或在日本的家里该做些什么感到有些紧张。结合句意和语境可知填about。2. manners 【解析】句意：所以在去日本之前了解基本的餐桌礼仪是很有帮助的。table manners：餐桌礼仪；结合句意和语境可知填manners。3. Japanese 【解析】句意：日本人用刀、叉、匙和筷子吃饭。People人，名词，需用形容词，Japanese people：日本人；根据第一段内容结合句意和语境可知填Japanese。4. popular 【解析】句意：但是筷子是最受欢迎的用具。根据句意和语境可知

18、填popular。5. food 【解析】句意：当你和一些日本朋友一起吃饭时，不要直接把食物从你的筷子传给别人的筷子上。根据句意和语境可知填food。6. stick 【解析】句意：同样重要的是不要把筷子垂直地插在食物里，尤其是放在一碗米饭里。Stick sth. into sth.：把插入；结合句意和语境可知填stick。7. polite 【解析】句意：用筷子在盘子上下翻动或用筷子指着别人是不礼貌的。根据句意和语境可知填polite。8. prevents 【解析】句意：它可以防止你掉食物。阻止某人做某事：Prevent/stop /keep sb. from doing sth.；本文时

19、态是一般现在时，主语三单，谓语应用三单形式；结合句意和语境可知填prevents /stops /keeps。9. eating 【解析】句意：在日本，吃面条的时候发出啧啧吃的声音，这很常见。While连词，当时候，后面应跟从句或名词性短语。结合句意和语境可知填eating。10. if 【解析】句意：人们说如果他们吃面条时发出声音，面条的味道更好。结合句意和语境可知填if。C【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述我的老师的一些事情，但是后来老师去世了，我想向她说她对于我的意义，但一切都晚了。1. spend 【解析】句意她看起来非常好，所以和她度过了一整年让我非常振奋。spend花费，空前有

20、to，故填spend。2. teacher 【解析】句意我认为有如此好的、友善的、细心的老师，我感到非常幸运。根据When I first met my fifth-grade teacher可知，故填teacher。3. coming 【解析】句意当十二月份来临时，我的老师突然不来学校了。根据she didnt come to school可知，用come，且根据stop doing sth可知，故填coming。4. her 【解析】句意全班同学都很想念她。根据句意，故填her。5. why 【解析】句意关于她为什么不来学校的谣言传遍了整个学校。根据句意，故填why。6. on 【解析】句

21、意一些女孩在吃饭时，相互解释说，她去度假了。on holiday度假，根据句意，故填on。7. not 【解析】句意一些男孩子们说，她对我们厌烦了，决定不教我们了。根据not.any more不再，以及to do的否定形式，是在to前加not，故填not。8. But 【解析】句意一些男孩子们说，她对我们厌烦了，决定不教我们了。但没人知道真正的原因。空位于句首，要大写，根据句意，故填But。9. felt 【解析】句意在六年级中期时，我得到一个不安的消息，她死于癌症，我感到很不安。根据句意以及前文为一般过去时可知，故填felt。10. late 【解析】句意我从未告诉她她对我来说意味着什么，但是，现在太晚了。根据句意以及前文可知，老师已去世，故填late。