初中最全短语和句型包含详细讲解（L开头）.docx

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1、初中最全短语和句型包含详细讲解字母L开头1.later on* adv.过后;以后用:later on 只能单独使用,不能用“一段时间+later on”。例Can we do it later on?我们以后再做这件事可以吗?例Later on he got a job as a clerk in a bank.后来他找到了一份做银行职员的工作。2.laugh at* v.嘲笑;取笑用:后接名词或代词,表示嘲笑的对象;常含有贬义。例Dont laugh at the people in trouble.不要嘲笑处于困境中的人。(四川遂宁)例I cant go to school wearin

2、g that shirt-everyone will laugh at me.我不能穿着那件衬衣去上学-大家会取笑我的。3.lay eggs v.产卵;下蛋用:也可作lay an egg。例The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds nests.杜鹃在其他鸟的巢中下蛋。4.lead a.life*v.过.的生活同:live a.life 过.的生活例Whatever you do, please remember to lead a green and healthy life.不管你做什么,记得要过环保、健康的生活。例Though he is old, h

3、e still leads a busy life.虽然年纪大了,但他仍过着忙碌的生活。5.lead to* v.导致;通向用:to 是介词,后接名词或动词-ing 形式作宾语。联:lead up to 一直通到例Eating too much sugar can lead to healthy problems.食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。例Which door leads to the yard? 哪扇门通向庭院? 6.learn about of v.了解;听到联:learn about of.from 从.获悉例Anna is going on a tour of Xian, and

4、she wants to learn about Chinese history.安娜打算去西安旅行,她想了解中国的历史。(江西)7.learn.by heart* v.熟记;背诵用:learn 后接宾语,也就是记住的内容。同:know.by heart 背诵;记住例You have to learn all the music by heart.你必须把乐曲全部背下来。例I have learnt the poem by heart.我已经把那首诗记住了。learn.by oneself*v.自学8.learn 后接宾语,也就是学习的内容,反身代词必须与句子的主语保持人称与数的一致。同:te

5、ach oneself自学例Im learning music by myself.我在自学音乐。9.learn from* v.向学习;从中吸取教训用:通常表示主语向宾语学习,指明一个具体的学习对象。例We should learn from each other.我们应该互相学习。例Im sure shell learn from her mistakes.我确信她会从错误中吸取教训。10.leave a message v.留言联:take a message (for sb)(为某人)捎口信例 He left a message saying he would probably be

6、a little late.他留口信说他可能会晚一些。例lf I am wanted in the telephone, ask him to leave a mes- sage.如果有人打电话找我,让他留言。(江苏扬州)11.leave for*v.动身去某地用:“离开某地去某地”用“leave.for.”。例Im leaving for London tomorrow morning.明天早上我要动身去伦敦。(山东青岛)例Ill leave China for England next month.我将于下月离开中国去英国。12.leave schoolv.离校;毕业联:go to sch

7、ool 去上学after school 放学后例| left school eight years ago.我8年前毕业离校。例I want to go abroad after leaving school.毕业后我想出国。13.lend sth to sb* v.把某物借给某人用:也可作 lend sb sth。联:lend sb a hand 帮助某人例-Can I borrow your bike?我能借你的自行车吗?-With pleasure. But you mustnt lend it to others.非常乐意。但是你不能把它借给别人。(浙江宁波)14.less and l

8、ess* adj.越来越少用:“形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级”结构常用来表示“越来越。反:more and more 越来越多例There will be less and less resources left in the future.未来所剩下的资源将会越来越少。15.less than prep.少于;不到more than 多余;超过no less than不少于;多达例Less than 50 people attended the meeting.不到50人参加了会议。例How long were you absent last year?去年你缺勤多长时间?-Less

9、than a week.不到一周。16.let.down v.使失望或沮丧用:指由于举止不雅或言行不一等而使人失望或沮丧。例She let us down badly.她让我们大失所望。例I trust you, but you let me down.我信任你,但你却让我失望了。17.let.in v.让进来用:代词作宾语时,要放在let 和 in之间。联:let out 放出;泄露例Close the door; dont let the cold air in.关上门,不要让冷空气进来。例These old shoes let the rain in.这双旧鞋渗进雨水来了。18.let

10、sb do sth*v.让某人做某事let have sb do sth 无被动语态;make sb do sth 变为被动语态时,后面的不定式须带to,即 sb be made to do sth。同:make have sb do sth 让某人做某事反:let sb not do sth 让某人不做某事例She let her children play here. 她让孩子们在这里玩。19.lie downv.躺下注:不用于进行时中;后不接宾语。例Please lie down for a rest; you are too tired.请躺下休息一下,你太累了。例Im tired;

11、I must lie down.我累了,我必须躺下休息。20.lie in v.位于辨:lie in:位于某范围内。lie on:“与紧邻;紧挨着”,强调接壤。 lie to:不接壤,表示“隔.相望”。例Shanghai lies in the southeast of China.上海位于中国东南部。例The town lies in a small valley.该镇坐落于一个小山谷中。21.lie to sb v.对某人说谎联:tell sb a lie 对某人说谎tell a lie 说谎例I would never lie to you.我永远不会对你说谎。例Dont lie to

12、me!不要对我说谎!22.like doing sth* v.喜欢做某事辨:like doing sth:意为“喜欢做某事”,表示爱好。like to do sth:意为“喜欢做某事”,表示暂时性地喜欢做某事。例I dont like swimming, but I like to swim today.我不喜欢游泳,但今天我想游泳。23.listen to* v.听辨 :listen to:指有意识地“听”,但不一定能听到,强调“听”的行为。hear:表示“听见;听到”,是及物动词,强调“听”的结果。例Do you enjoy listening to his songs? 你喜欢听他的歌吗

13、?例I listened to what he said carefully but heard nothing.我仔细地听他说的话,但什么也没听到。24.little by littleadv.逐渐地;一点一点地联:by and by 不久;逐渐地例 Little by little the snow disappeared.雪渐渐融化了。例My English is improving little by little.我的英语正在逐步提高。25.live on* v.以.为食;靠为生辨:live on:后接食物、人、钱等,表示“以为食;靠为生”。 live by:后接名词或动词-ing形

14、式,表示“以某种方式或手段生活”。例Tigers live on meat.老虎以肉为主食。(山东潍坊) 26.long before*adv.很久以前用:可单独使用,也可接短语或句子。例I saw the film long before.我很早之前就看过那部电影了。例I posted the letter long before I moved away.在我搬家之前我就寄了那封信。27.long long agoadv.很久很久以前用:常用于故事的开头。例Long long ago, there lived a kind fisherman by the sea.很久很久以前,海边住着一

15、位善良的渔夫。28.look after* v.照顾;照看;保管用:后接名词或代词。同:take care of 照顾;照看例 We have to look after ourselves when we are away from home.离家时,我们应该照顾好我们自己。(辽宁鞍山)29.look ahead v.向前看;展望未来注:look ahead 后不能直接接宾语,不用于被动语态。例Look ahead; that is where your future lies.向前看,那才是你未来的所在。例Im trying to look ahead at what might happ

16、en and be ready to handle it.我努力预想可能发生的情况,并做好应对准备。30.look aroundv. 向四周看注:look around 后不接宾语。例Do your homework carefully. Dont look around.认真做作业,不要东张西望。例Im going to look around and see what I can find.我去四周转转,看能找到什么。31.look at* v.看;朝看辨 look at:表示“看”,指有意识地“看一下”,强调动作。see:是及物动词,表示“看见”这一结果。watch:指注视,注意地观察,

17、目光跟随某物,如:watch TV(看电视)。例She looked at me and smiled. 她看了看我,笑了。例Look at the blackboard carefully!认真看黑板!32.look back v.回头看;回顾用:后接宾语时,用look back on upon。例No matter what happens, dont look back.不管发生了什么事,都不要回头看。例When I see him, i always look back on my childhood.当我看到他时,总会想起自己的童年。33.look down on upon v.看不

18、起;轻视用:后可直接接名词或代词作宾语。例She looks down on upon the poor.她瞧不起穷人。例I wasnt successful, so they looked down on upon me.我一无所成,所以他们瞧不起我。 34.look for* v.寻找;寻求辨:look for:强调动作,指找的过程。find:指找的结果,意为“找到”。例-What are you doing?你在做什么?Im looking for the key to the door.我在找门上的钥匙。(湖南益阳)35.look forward to*v.期盼用:to 是介词,后接名

19、词、代词或动词-ing 形式。例Students are looking forward to having a free holiday.学生们都盼望过一个轻松的假期。(辽宁鞍山)36.look into v.朝里面看;调查;研究例:I looked into the hole and saw a snake.我往洞里看了看,看到了一条蛇。例The company wont look into the matter.公司不会调查此事。37.look like*v.看起来像用:表示从外观看某人或某物,后接名词或动词-ing 形式。句型“What+助动词+主语+look like?”用来询问某人

20、的外貌。例The girl looks like her mother very much.那个女孩看起来很像她妈妈。例What does she look like?她长得怎么样?38.look on.as v.把.看作同:regard.as 把看作例My mother always looks on me as a child.妈妈总是把我当小孩看待。例| look on him as a good friend.我把他视为好朋友。39.look out* v.留神;当心用:用来提醒他人注意,可单独使用;后接宾语时,用look out for.同: watch out 当心;注意例Look

21、 out! Theres a car coming.小心!车来了。(浙江杭州)例Do look out for spelling mistakes in your homework.一定要注意你作业中的拼写错误。40.look over v.检查;查看用:宾语是代词时,要放在look 和 over 之间。例The doctor looks over the little boy carefully.医生给小男孩做了仔细的检查。例Would you mind looking over my homework?你帮我检查一下作业好吗?41.look the same v.看起来很像用:表示主语所包

22、含的两个或两个以上的事物看起来一样。联:look like 看起来像例The two bags look the same. I cant tell from them.这两个包看上去一样。我分辨不出来。42.look throughv.浏览;快速查看用:后可接名词或代词作宾语。例Here is the book. First look through it and then tell me what you think of it.这是那本书。首先浏览一下,然后告诉我你的看法。(湖北十堰)43.look up*查阅;查找;向上看v.(在词典、参考书等中)用:作“向上看”时,一般不直接接宾语。

23、注“查字典”不用 look up the dictionary。例Dont be afraid of new words. You can look them up in the dictionary. 不要担心生词,你可以在字典中查阅它们。(安徽芜湖)例She looked up from her book. 她从书中抬起头看了看。 44.look up to v.尊敬;尊重例 People look up to him for his great courage.人们因为他极大的勇气而敬重他。例All the students look up to him because he is re

24、ally generous.所有的学生都很尊敬他,因为他真的很慷慨大方45.lose heart* v.灰心;丧气联:lose ones heart to倾心于;爱上例Dont lose heart in face of difficulty.在困难面前不要丧失信心。例No matter what you do, never lose heart.不管你做什么,千万不可泄气。46.lose ones life* v.丧生用:主语是复数时,life可以用其复数形式。例His grandfather lost his life in an accident.他爷爷在一次事故中丧生。例Many pe

25、ople lost their lives in the war.很多人在战争中丧命。47.lose ones way*v. 迷路同:get lost 迷路lose oneself 迷路例 We lost our way in the dark.我们在黑暗中迷路了。例lt is easy to lose ones way in the forest.在森林中人们很容易迷路。48.lose oneself in v.沉醉于;全神贯注于例Its easy to lose yourself in the magic of this film.你很容易被这部影片的魅力吸引。例She lost herself in the beautiful music.她沉醉在美妙的音乐中。49.lose weight v.减肥反:put on weight 增肥例 Mary has lost a lot of weight.玛丽已经瘦了不少。例Running can help you lose weight.跑步能帮助你减肥。15