20-21 Unit 2 教学·知识细解码.doc

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1、1poem n诗，诗歌poet n诗人2decorate v装饰，布置，美化decoration n装饰物3free adj.自由的freedom n自由，自由权利4participate v参加，参与participant n参与者5equality n平等inequality n(社会上的)不平等6limit n限制，限度 v限制，限定limited adj.有限的limitless adj.无限的7complain v抱怨，不满，发牢骚complaint n抱怨8warn v警告，告诫warning n警告，警示，告诫9starve v挨饿starving adj.挨饿的，即将饿死的st

2、arvation n饥饿，挨饿，饿死1Honour v向表示敬意；履行(职责/协议等) n荣誉，荣幸She will be honoured for her work in promoting friendship between the two countries.向表示敬意Once a contract is signed，it has to be honoured.履行It is an honour to be representing my country to compete in this match.荣誉，荣幸2vote v投票，表决 n票数；选举权I want to know

3、what she stands for before I vote for her.投票，表决He only managed a narrow victory in the election.He won by 20 votes.票数There are still countries in the world where women do not have the vote.选举权Words and Phraseshonour v向表示敬意，履行(职责/协议等) n荣誉，荣幸(教材P13)is to honour an event.是为了纪念一个事件。例1I was honoured to h

4、ave been mentioned in his speech.他在讲话中提到了我，我很荣幸。例2May I have the honour of dancing with you?能和你跳支舞吗？造句能跟你们一起在这里庆祝中秋节我感到非常荣幸。I feel honoured to be here to celebrate the MidAutumn Festival with you. 知识拓展(1) be honoured for因而受到尊敬be honoured as 被尊为be/feel honoured to do sth. 因做某事而感到荣幸(2) in honour of/in

5、 ones honour 为向表示敬意；为了纪念have the honour of(doing) sth. 有幸做某事It is an honour to do sth. 很荣幸做某事即学即练单句语法填空I feel honoured(honour) to be invited to contribute to your magazine.It is an honour to be invited to contribute to your magazine.They are honoured by people for their honesty and selflessness.They

6、 named the school after the hero in honour of him.participate v参加，参与(教材P13)Freedom Day is held every year on 27 April to celebrate South Africas first fullyparticipated elections in 1994自由节在每年4月27日举办，庆祝南非1994年第一次全面参加选举例1More than 400 children participated in the cleanup of the park.400多个孩子参加了公园的清扫活动

7、。例2Terry cant participate in the match because he has hurt his foot.特里不能参加比赛，因为他扭了脚。造句他问我是否会参加会议。He asks whether I can participate in the meeting. 知识拓展participate in take part in参加，参与participant n. 参加者，参与者participation n. 参加，参与即学即练单句语法填空Everyone in the class is expected to participate actively in th

8、ese discussions.As far as I know，he has been an active participant(participate) in the discussion.Participation(participate) in sporting events will help us lead a healthier life.小片段助记Encouraged by the teacher，the participants actively participated in the English speech contest.Their participation i

9、nspired the rest of the class to study hard.vote v投票，表决 n票数；选举权(教材P13)in which everyone was allowed to vote regardless of skin colour.在选举中，所有人都可以不分肤色地投票。例1Today every citizen aged eighteen or over has the right to vote.如今，年满十八周岁或十八周岁以上的公民都有选举权。例2The suggestion was approved，with 25 votes in favor，and

10、 7 against.建议以25票同意，7票反对被通过。造句既然在这件事上大家意见不一，我们表决好了。As we cant all agree on this matter，lets vote on it. 知识拓展(1)vote for vote in favor of 投票赞成vote against 投票反对vote on sth. 就某事进行表决vote to do sth. 投票决定做某事(2)have/take a vote on sth. 就某事进行表决have the vote 有选举权即学即练单句语法填空Only a minority of the class voted f

11、or the plan.They then voted on whether they will accept it.Well listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote to decide(decide) it.keepalive 使活着；使活跃；保留(教材P14)As parents，they try to keep that magic alive for their children for as long as they can.作为父母，他们设法尽可能长时间地为孩子们保留着这种魔力。例1The doctors tried

12、everything to keep him alive but in vain.医生们竭尽全力抢救他的生命，但却徒劳无功。例2The news of the victory kept us alive in excitement.胜利的消息使我们兴奋不已。造句他们35年的婚姻生活一直保持着浪漫色彩。They kept the romance alive in their marriage for 35 years. 知识拓展(1)bringalive 使变得有生气come alive 生动起来，精神起来，热闹起来(2)alive adj. 活着的，充满活力的。是表语形容词，不可以作前置定语。

13、(3)living adj. 活的，有生命的，健在的。可修饰人或物，作表语或前置定语。(4)live adj. 活的。作前置定语，只修饰物不指人。另外，还表示“现场直播的”。即学即练补全句子The patient with lung cancer is kept alive(维持生命) on a lifesupport machine.The city center really comes alive(热闹起来) at the weekend.The way he describes his characters really brings them alive(使他们栩栩如生)小片段助记A

14、nyone who is alive in the world of the living world has some hopes; a live dog is better than a dead lion.regard v认为，看作 n尊敬；(pl.)问候，敬意(教材P14)That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.那就是为什么圣诞老人的来信对于那些把圣诞节视为一年中的特殊时刻的人来

15、说可能是一本完美的书。例1He is regarded as one of the great classical composers in this century.他被认为是本世纪伟大的古典音乐作曲家之一。例2I am sure that kindness is more likely to win their regard than pride.我确信善意比傲慢更可能赢得他们的尊敬。造句我在这个城镇居住了很长时间，都把它当成了家。Ive lived in the town so long that I regard it as my home. 知识拓展(1)regardas把视作(2)

16、regarding prep. 关于即学即练单句语法填空Her parents always regarded her as the smartest of their children.If you should see him，please give him my regards(regard)The government has set up some rules regarding(regard) the food plain v抱怨，不满，发牢骚；投诉(教材P15)In another letter，Father Christmas complained about how he c

17、ould not stop his helpers playing games with the boys instead of wrapping them up.在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他怎么都无法阻止他的助手们用玩具做游戏而不是把它们包起来。例1Its no use complaining without taking any action.不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。例2Im going to complain to the manager about this.我将就此事向经理提意见。造句所有游客都抱怨那家餐馆劣质的服务。All the tourists complained

18、 about the bad service in that restaurant. 知识拓展(1)complain (to sb.) of/about (doing) sth.(向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事；(向某人)发牢骚complain (to sb.) that(向某人)抱怨(2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉；控告make a complaint 抱怨，投诉即学即练单句语法填空She often complains about not feeling appreciated at work.Neighbors complained to the police about the

19、 dog barking.The most common complaint(complain)is about poor service.小片段填空The manager complained to us about there being too many complaints from customers this month.warning n警告，警示，告诫(教材P15)Interestingly，the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their p

20、resents if they were not good.有趣的是，这些信并没有包含通常对孩子们的警告：如果他们表现不好，就可能收不到礼物。例1There is a warning on the cigarette packet that says “Smoking does harm to your health”在烟盒上有一个警示“吸烟有害健康”。例2Weve just heard a warning on the radio that a hurricane is likely to come.我们从电台听到警报说飓风可能要来。造句我正要生火时就想起了他的警告。I was about

21、to make a fire when I remembered his warning. 知识拓展(1)give sb.a warning 向(某人)发出警告without (any) warning 没有(任何)先兆(2)warn v. 警告；告诫warn sb.not to do sth.warn sb.against doing sth. 警告某人不要做某事 即学即练单句语法填空The teacher gave him a warning that if he was late again，he would be punished.An earthquake comes like a

22、thief in the night，without warning.They were warned not to climb(climb) the mountain in such bad weather.小片段助记He warned me not to leave without permission，but I didnt accept his warning.starving adj.挨饿的，即将饿死的(教材P15)remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor a

23、nd starving people.请记住，在这个圣诞节时世界上还有许多穷人和挨饿的人。例1There is a piece of heartbreaking news report about starving children.有一则关于饥饿儿童的令人心碎的新闻报道。例2How can you be indifferent to the sufferings of starving people?你怎能对饥民的疾苦无动于衷呢？造句我们弄点吃的东西吧，我饿坏了。Lets get something to eat，Im starving. 知识拓展(1)be starving for 渴望(

24、2)starve v. (使)挨饿，(使)饿死starve for 渴望starve to death 饿死(3)starvation n. 挨饿，饿死即学即练单句语法填空This organization will hold an event to help the starving(starve) children in Africa.As she feels very lonely，she is starving for friendship.He got lost in the jungle and starved to death.Millions of people will fa

25、ce starvation(starve) as a result of the drought.Sentence PatternsThat/This/It is why那/这就是为什么(教材P14)That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.那就是为什么圣诞老人的来信对于那些把圣诞节视为一年中的特殊时刻的人来说可能是一本完美的书。句式分析：That is why那就是为什么，why引导表语

26、从句。其中that还可以换为this/it。例1Tom overslept this morning.That is why he was late for work.汤姆今天早晨睡过头了，那就是他上班迟到的原因。例2This is why we always have a fresh supply of water.这就是为什么我们总可以喝到新鲜水的原因。造句那就是我们决定取消讨论的原因。That is why we decided to cancel the discussion. 知识拓展(1)That/This/It is because意为“那/这是因为”，其中because 引导表

27、语从句。(2)The reason whyis that意为“的原因是”，其中why引导的是定语从句；is之后的that引导的是表语从句。翻译We should eat breakfast on time every day；thats because breakfast is really important for us(那是因为早餐对我们来说真的非常重要)The reason why he was sleepy in class was that(他在课上睡觉的原因是) he stayed up last night.即学即练单句语法填空He got up late.Thats why

28、he missed the bus.She never gives in to any difficulty and thats because she is a strongwilled woman.The reason why he has had such a success is that he never gives up.“do/does/did动词原形”表示强调(教材P15)The letters did，however，change as Tolkiens children got older然而，随着托尔金的孩子们年龄的增长，这些信的内容确实变了句式分析：(1)did cha

29、nge为“did动词原形”表示强调，意为“的确，确实”。(2)“do/does/did动词原形”表示强调时只用于肯定句和祈使句，用来强调谓语。(3)这种强调句只适用于一般现在时和一般过去时。例1He does enjoy listening to classical music.他的确喜欢听古典音乐。例2Do be careful while you are driving on the road.你在公路上开车时务必要小心。造句他昨天确实去过车站，但没有发现你。He did go to the station yesterday，but he didnt find you.即学即练补全句子B

30、elieve it or not，such things did happen(确实发生过) in their school last week.We do sell stamps(确实卖邮票)，but we dont have any at the moment.He does like travelling(确实喜欢旅行) and believes we should grasp opportunities to stay for a few days in different countries.1(教材P15)Interestingly，the letters did not cont

31、ain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.分析：此句为主从复合句。that they might not receive their presents if they were not good是that引导的同位语从句，说明the usual warnings的具体内容，其中包含if引导的条件状语从句。译文：有趣的是，这些信并没有包含通常对孩子们的警告：如果他们表现不好，就可能收不到礼物。2(教材P15)but if you find

32、that not many of the things you asked for have come，and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes，remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.分析：but后面的句子为主从复合句。remember that至句末为主句，其中包含that引导的宾语从句；if you find that not many of the things you ask

33、ed for have come是if引导的条件状语从句，其中that引导宾语从句作find的宾语，you asked for是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词the things。译文：但是，如果你发现你没有收到你想要的许多礼物，或者没有你想要的那么多，请记住，在这个圣诞节时世界上还有许多穷人和挨饿的人。教材高考1.is to honour an event.(2019江苏卷)He considered it an honor.2.Freedom Day is held every year on 27 April to celebrate South Africas first full

34、yparticipated elections in 1994(2019全国卷)That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone.(2019全国卷)Participate in discussion forums(论坛)，blogs and other openended forums for dialogue.3.in which everyone was allowed to vote regardless of skin colour.(2017全国卷)That was the name students

35、 voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too dull.(2019北京卷)Regardless of the weather or the distance，Paul Wilson will make sure4.That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.(2019全国卷 )Mountains are regarded as spiri

36、tual places by many cultures.5.A regular character in the letters was Polar Bear，who once climbed the North Pole(an actual pole in this case) and(2019天津卷)A dogs eating habit requires regular training before it is properly established.6.In another letter，Father Christmas complained about how he could

37、 not(2018天津卷)The students began complaining about how cold it would be.7.Interestingly，the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.(2019天津卷)Scientists have built an earlywarning system based on mathematical models.8.ther

38、e are a terrible number of poor and starving people.(2018北京卷)By mile 21，I was starving!.单句语法填空1I feel honoured(honour) to give a report about how to relieve stress here.2Nowadays，people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic.3The wheelchair gives him the freedom(free) to go out o

39、n his own.4We voted to give(give) a concert to get some money for the hospital.5This is the most brilliant evening party that I have participated in6Its time we put up the New Year decorations(decoration) in the hall.7We are collecting food for those who are starving(starve) in the earthquake.8We us

40、ed to see each other regularly(regular)，but I havent heard from him since last year.9He and I have worked together for a couple of years; thats why I know him pretty well.10I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding(regard) the job.短语填空take place，in memory

41、 of，regardless of，keepalive，regardas，wrap up，a number of ，as well as1What kind of design do you regard as the best?2A number of young men are going to be volunteers during the vacation.3Great changes have taken place in China in the past five years.4She would rather die than be kept alive under such

42、 conditions.5The law requires equal treatment for all，regardless of race，religion and sex.6We can celebrate the festival as well as enjoying the delicious food on that day.7He spends a lot of time wrapping up presents before Christmas Day every year.8The ceremony opened with a minutes silence in mem

43、ory of those who died in the war.课文语法填空The passage introduces Tolkien and his perfect book Letters from Father Christmas.From the book we know every Christmas，Tolkiens children would get an envelop 1.with a North Pole stamp.The children must have been very 2.excited(excite) as they opened it，inside

44、3.which they would find a handwritten letter from Father Christmas.Of course，the letters were all written by Tolkien.The letters told 4.wonderful(wonder) stories about Father Christmass life and adventures at the North Pole.In one letter，Polar Bear once climbed the North Pole and 5.fell(fall) throug

45、h the roof of Father Christmass house.In another letter，Father Christmas plained(complain) about how he couldnt stop his helpers 7.playing(play) games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.Tolkiens letters also changed with his children 8.getting(get) older.In addition the book also tells us that we not only can enjoy the 9.adventures(adventure) of Father Christmas，Polar Bear and other characters at the North Pole 10.but can share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.