高考一轮知识点梳理课件-必修4 Unit 2.ppt

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1、.高频单词思忆高频单词思忆 1.The Water Cube is a fully e gym.1.The Water Cube is a fully e gym.2.We would welcome your c 2.We would welcome your c on our work.on our work.3.We have to s to win our freedom.3.We have to s to win our freedom.4.Please translate the u sentence 4.Please translate the u sentence into C

2、hinese.into Chinese.5.We should make a s of the results of 5.We should make a s of the results of the exam briefly and report it to the the exam briefly and report it to the headmaster.headmaster.基础落实基础落实Unit 2 Working the landUnit 2 Working the landquippedquippedommentsommentstruggletrugglenderline

3、dnderlinedummaryummary6.Iron will _(6.Iron will _(膨胀膨胀)when heated.)when heated.7.Please give your name7.Please give your name，address and address and _(_(职业职业).).8.We bring in new technology to increase 8.We bring in new technology to increase _(_(产量产量).).9.People are _(9.People are _(困惑的困惑的)about

4、all the)about all the different labels on food these days.different labels on food these days.10.The food will provide us with adequate 10.The food will provide us with adequate _(_(营养营养).).expandexpandoccupationoccupationproductionproductionconfusedconfusednutritionnutrition.重点短语再现重点短语再现 1._ 1._ 摆脱

5、；除去摆脱；除去2._2._幸亏；由于；因为幸亏；由于；因为3._3._怀着怀着的希望的希望4._ 4._ 生于贫穷生于贫穷 的农民家庭的农民家庭5._ 5._ 为为而奋斗而奋斗6._ 6._ 寻找方法寻找方法7._ 7._ 与与作比较作比较8._ 8._ 对对感到满意感到满意9._ 9._ 富含富含10._ 10._ 集中集中(注意力、精力等注意力、精力等)于于 rid.ofrid.ofthanks tothanks towith the hope ofwith the hope ofborn into a poor farmerborn into a poor farmers family

6、s familystruggle forstruggle forsearch for a waysearch for a waycompare.withcompare.withbe satisfied withbe satisfied withbe rich inbe rich infocus onfocus on.典型句式运用典型句式运用 1.Have you ever grown any 1.Have you ever grown any plants?Ifplants?If so,whatso,what did you do to grow did you do to grow them

7、?Ifthem?If not,whatnot,what kind kind of plant would you like to try of plant would you like to try growing?Howgrowing?How would you grow it?would you grow it?你曾种植过植物吗？如果种你曾种植过植物吗？如果种 过，为了种植它们你都做了些什么？如果没有，过，为了种植它们你都做了些什么？如果没有，你想尝试种植哪种植物？你打算怎么种植？你想尝试种植哪种植物？你打算怎么种植？第一个句子是简单句的第一个句子是简单句的_形形 式式;if so;if

8、so与与if notif not都是条件状语从句的都是条件状语从句的_形式形式,分别表示分别表示_和和_。if soif so意为：意为：_,so_,so用在用在ifif之后之后,代替前面的代替前面的 分句或句子分句或句子,构成缩略条件句，语意可由上下文的构成缩略条件句，语意可由上下文的 语境得知。语境得知。考点提炼考点提炼一般疑问句一般疑问句缩略缩略肯定肯定否定否定如果这样如果这样2.Although he is one of China2.Although he is one of Chinas most famous s most famous scientists,Yuanscient

9、ists,Yuan LongpingLongping considers himself considers himself a a farmer,forfarmer,for he works the land to do his he works the land to do his research.research.尽管袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之尽管袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之 一，但他仍然认为自己是个农民，因为他在田间一，但他仍然认为自己是个农民，因为他在田间 耕作，进行科学研究。耕作，进行科学研究。Although.scientistsAlthough.scientists是是_

10、从句从句;_;_引导原因状语从句引导原因状语从句,起补充说明的作用，起补充说明的作用，_是目的状语。是目的状语。考点提炼考点提炼让步状语让步状语forforto do his researchto do his research3.In 1974,he became the first agricultural 3.In 1974,he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.

11、1974 a high output.1974年，他成为世界上第一位种年，他成为世界上第一位种 植高产水稻的农业先锋。植高产水稻的农业先锋。the the first+first+n.n.+to+to do.do.意为：意为：_ _ _。不定式放在表示次序的词不定式放在表示次序的词the the first,thefirst,the last last以以 及其他如及其他如the the only,theonly,the very,thevery,the right right等所修饰等所修饰 的的_后面后面,而且这些名词与动词不定式之间有逻而且这些名词与动词不定式之间有逻 辑上的辑上的_关系

12、。关系。考点提炼考点提炼第一第一个要做个要做的的名词名词主谓主谓4.Using his hybrid 4.Using his hybrid rice,farmersrice,farmers are producing are producing harvests twice as large as before.harvests twice as large as before.用他的杂用他的杂 交水稻种子，农民们种出了是以前两倍的粮食。交水稻种子，农民们种出了是以前两倍的粮食。using.rice using.rice 是是_作状作状 语语;_;_是倍数的一种表是倍数的一种表 达法。达法。倍

13、数的表达法：倍数的表达法：A is+A is+倍数倍数+比较级比较级+than B+than B A is+A is+倍数倍数+as+as+adj.adj.+as+as B B A is+A is+倍数倍数+the+the+名词名词(size,lengthsize,length，widthwidth，height,weightheight,weight等等)+of B)+of B A is+A is+倍数倍数+what-clause+what-clause 考点提炼考点提炼现在分词短语现在分词短语twice as large as beforetwice as large as before重

14、点单词重点单词 1.struggle1.struggle .,for whom he has _ .,for whom he has _ for the past for the past five decades.(five decades.(回归课本回归课本P P1010)观察思考观察思考 He has been struggling for success in He has been struggling for success in business.business.(=He has been struggling to succeed in his (=He has been s

15、truggling to succeed in his business.)business.)为了事业的成功，他一直努力奋斗着。为了事业的成功，他一直努力奋斗着。导练互动导练互动struggledstruggledA strong man will struggle with the storm of A strong man will struggle with the storm of fate.fate.强者乐于搏击命运的暴风雨。强者乐于搏击命运的暴风雨。She is struggling to bring up a family on a She is struggling to b

16、ring up a family on a very low income.very low income.她靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。她靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。归纳总结归纳总结struggle forstruggle for为为而奋斗而奋斗struggle on/alongstruggle on/along拼命活下去，竭力支撑下去拼命活下去，竭力支撑下去struggle to onestruggle to ones feets feet挣扎着站起来挣扎着站起来struggle against/withstruggle against/with向向作斗争；同作斗争；同搏斗

17、搏斗the struggle for existencethe struggle for existence生存竞争生存竞争without a strugglewithout a struggle未经努力未经努力fight againstfight against为反对为反对而斗争而斗争fight withfight with与与作战；与作战；与并肩战斗并肩战斗fight forfight for为争取为争取而斗争而斗争compete against/withcompete against/with与与竞争，决斗竞争，决斗compete forcompete for为争取为争取而竞争而竞争 即

18、学即用即学即用The children talked so loudly at dinner The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _.table that I had to struggle _.A.toA.to be heard be heard B.toB.to have heard have heardC.hearingC.hearing D.beingD.being heard heard解析解析 本题考查非谓语动词。本题考查非谓语动词。struggle to do struggle

19、to do sthsth.努力做某事。又因努力做某事。又因I I与与hearhear之间存在被动关系，故应之间存在被动关系，故应用不定式的被动语态。用不定式的被动语态。A2.reduce 2.reduce A healthy soil _ disease and helps A healthy soil _ disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.(crops grow strong and healthy.(回归课本回归课本P P1414)观察思考观察思考 Reduce speed now.Reduce speed now.减速行驶。减

20、速行驶。Giving up smoking reduces the risk of heart Giving up smoking reduces the risk of heart disease.disease.戒烟会减少得心脏病的风险。戒烟会减少得心脏病的风险。reducesreduces归纳总结归纳总结reduce _reduce _。reduce.to.reduce.to.减少减少(降低、缩小降低、缩小)到到reduce byreduce by表示数量减少的程度表示数量减少的程度 toto增加到增加到 byby增加了增加了bring downbring down减少，缩减减少，缩减c

21、ut downcut down减少，削减减少，削减reduce reduce sb.tosb.to tears/silence tears/silence使某人流泪使某人流泪/沉默沉默reduce reduce sb.tosb.to doing doing sthsth.迫使某人做某事迫使某人做某事reduce reduce sth.tosth.to rubble/ashes rubble/ashes把某物把某物(尤指建筑物尤指建筑物)夷为平地夷为平地/化为灰烬化为灰烬 vt vt.减少，降低减少，降低rise/increaserise/increase即学即用即学即用 (1)(1)城市的生活

22、非常艰难城市的生活非常艰难,许多人被迫沦落到沿街乞讨。许多人被迫沦落到沿街乞讨。Life in the city was hard and many people Life in the city was hard and many people _ on the street._ on the street.(2)If their marketing plans(2)If their marketing plans succeed,theysucceed,they _ _ their sales by 20 percent.their sales by 20 percent.A.willA.

23、will increase increase B.haveB.have been increasing been increasing C.haveC.have increased increased D.wouldD.would be increasing be increasing 解析解析 句意为句意为:如果他们的市场运作计划成功如果他们的市场运作计划成功,那那 么他们的销售将会增加百分之二十。条件状语从么他们的销售将会增加百分之二十。条件状语从 句中用一般现在时表将来句中用一般现在时表将来,主句必须用一般将来时。主句必须用一般将来时。were reduced to beggingwer

24、e reduced to beggingA3.supply3.supply These chemicals in the food _ build These chemicals in the food _ build up in people up in peoples bodies over time.(s bodies over time.(回归课本回归课本P P1414)观察思考观察思考 The water supply is unsafe.The water supply is unsafe.供水不稳定。供水不稳定。More vegetables and fruit were sup

25、plied to More vegetables and fruit were supplied to the cities last year.the cities last year.去年向城市供应了更多的蔬菜和水果。去年向城市供应了更多的蔬菜和水果。归纳总结归纳总结 supply _supply _。supply supply sthsth.供应某物供应某物 supplysupplyn.n.补给，供应补给，供应;vt vt.供给，提供供给，提供 supply supply sb.withsb.with sthsth.=supply =supply sth.tosth.to sb.sb.s

26、th.besth.be supplied to sb.supplied to sb.某物被提供给某人某物被提供给某人the water supplythe water supply供水供水arms/food suppliesarms/food supplies武器武器/食物供应食物供应in short supplyin short supply供应不足供应不足易混辨异易混辨异provide,supply,offerprovide,supply,offer这三个词都有这三个词都有“提供提供;供给供给”的意思的意思,但具体用法不同。但具体用法不同。(1)provide(1)provide的常用搭配

27、为的常用搭配为provide provide sth.forsth.for sb./sb./provide provide sb.withsb.with sthsth.。另外，。另外，providing(that)/providing(that)/provided(thatprovided(that)还可用作连词还可用作连词,意思为意思为“只要只要;如果如果”。(不可说不可说supply supply sb.sthsb.sth.).)供给某人某物供给某人某物(2)supply(2)supply的常用搭配为的常用搭配为supply supply sb.withsb.with sthsth././

28、supply supply sth.tosth.to sb./supply sb./supply sthsth.。(3)offer(3)offer的常用搭配为的常用搭配为offer offer sb.sthsb.sth./offer./offer sthsth.to sb.to sb.。另外。另外offeroffer还可表示还可表示“出价，开价出价，开价”或构成或构成 offer to do offer to do sthsth.结构结构,表示表示“主动提出做某事主动提出做某事”。即学即用即学即用(1)(1)研究用的设备将由本大学供应。研究用的设备将由本大学供应。Equipment for t

29、he research _Equipment for the research _ by our university.by our university.(2)(2)一些外国政府向反叛者提供武器。一些外国政府向反叛者提供武器。Foreign governments _ the rebels Foreign governments _ the rebels _ arms._ arms.will be suppliedwill be suppliedsuppliedsuppliedwithwith4.equip4.equip He therefore gives millions of He t

30、herefore gives millions of yuanyuan to to _ others for their research in _ others for their research in agriculture.(agriculture.(回归课本回归课本P P1010)观察思考观察思考 ItIts time to equip yourself for the journey s time to equip yourself for the journey abroad.abroad.你该准备出国旅行的行装了。你该准备出国旅行的行装了。She equipped her so

31、n with a good education.She equipped her son with a good education.她使儿子受到了良好的教育。她使儿子受到了良好的教育。YouYoud better equip your bicycle with a d better equip your bicycle with a headlight.headlight.你最好在自行车上装个前灯。你最好在自行车上装个前灯。equipequip归纳总结归纳总结equip _equip _。equip.with.equip.with.用用装备装备equip.for equip.for sths

32、th./to do./to do sthsth.为了为了而装备而装备equipment equipment n.n.装备；设备装备；设备(不可数名词不可数名词)office equipmentoffice equipment办公设备办公设备a piece of equipmenta piece of equipment一件设备一件设备()()an equipment(an equipment()注意注意 (1)equipment(1)equipment还有还有“知识知识;技艺技艺;才能才能;素养素养;特征；资质特征；资质”之意。之意。(2)equipments(2)equipments(偶尔用

33、复数形式偶尔用复数形式)表达表达“不同种类的不同种类的设备设备”,但不可在其前面加但不可在其前面加two,some,severaltwo,some,several等词。等词。vt vt.&vi.&vi.装备；配备装备；配备即学即用即学即用(1)(1)有良好的教育能受用终生。有良好的教育能受用终生。A A good education shouldgood education should _._.(2)(2)我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。Our school has been given _.Our school has been given _.equip yo

34、u for lifeequip you for lifesome new equipmentsome new equipment5.expand5.expand Dr.YuanDr.Yuan searched for a way to increase rice searched for a way to increase rice harvests without _ harvests without _ the area of the the area of the fields.(fields.(回归课本回归课本P P1010)观察思考观察思考 A childA childs vocab

35、ulary expands through reading.s vocabulary expands through reading.孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。Why not try to expand your story into a novel?Why not try to expand your story into a novel?为什么不把你的故事扩展成小说呢？为什么不把你的故事扩展成小说呢？expandingexpanding归纳总结归纳总结expand _expand _。expand on/upon expand on/upon sthsth

36、.详细阐明；充分叙述详细阐明；充分叙述expand in.expand in.在在方面膨胀方面膨胀expand into.expand into.扩展成为扩展成为，膨胀成，膨胀成expansion expansion n.n.扩展；扩大；膨胀扩展；扩大；膨胀expansive expansive adj.adj.广阔的；广泛的；开朗的广阔的；广泛的；开朗的易混辨异易混辨异expand,extend,spread,stretchexpand,extend,spread,stretch(1)expand(1)expand展开，扩大，不仅指尺寸的增加展开，扩大，不仅指尺寸的增加,还可指还可指范围和体

37、积的扩大。范围和体积的扩大。(2)extend(2)extend伸出，延伸，指空间范围的扩大，以及长伸出，延伸，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。度、宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。v.v.扩大；增强扩大；增强(3)spread(3)spread伸开；传播，一般指向四面八方扩大传播伸开；传播，一般指向四面八方扩大传播 的范围，如传播的范围，如传播(疾病疾病)、散布、散布(信息信息)等。等。(4)stretch(4)stretch伸展，拉长伸展，拉长,一般指由曲变直、由短变长一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。的伸展，不是加长。即学即用即学即用(1)(1)随着

38、儿童的成长，他们的兴趣会变广，人也会变随着儿童的成长，他们的兴趣会变广，人也会变 得更自信。得更自信。As children grow older they _ As children grow older they _ _ and become more confident._ and become more confident.(2)(2)他详细地说明了自己的新理论。他详细地说明了自己的新理论。He _ his new theory.He _ his new theory.expand theirexpand theirinterestsinterestsexpanded onexpand

39、ed on6.regret6.regret His father says that he has never _ His father says that he has never _ his son to study abroad.(his son to study abroad.(回归课本回归课本P P1313)观察思考观察思考 She deeply regretted what she said and what She deeply regretted what she said and what she did.she did.她非常后悔说了那些话和做了那些事。她非常后悔说了那些话

40、和做了那些事。We have always regretted selling the farm.We have always regretted selling the farm.我们一直后悔卖了那个农场。我们一直后悔卖了那个农场。He expressed regret for what he had done.He expressed regret for what he had done.他对自己的所作所为感到后悔。他对自己的所作所为感到后悔。regrettedregretted归纳总结归纳总结regret _regret _。regret regret sthsth.对某事感到遗憾对某

41、事感到遗憾regret to do regret to do sthsth.遗憾遗憾/抱歉要去做抱歉要去做(do(do动词一动词一般是般是say,tell,inform,announcesay,tell,inform,announce等这样的词等这样的词)regret doing regret doing sthsth.后悔曾经做过某事后悔曾经做过某事regret not to have done regret not to have done sthsth.后悔没做过某事后悔没做过某事regret that.regret that.遗憾遗憾/后悔后悔have no regrets about

42、 doing have no regrets about doing sthsth.没有遗憾做过某事没有遗憾做过某事It is a matter for/of regret that.It is a matter for/of regret that.令人遗憾的是令人遗憾的是vt vt.为为感到遗憾；后悔；感到遗憾；后悔；n.n.遗憾；悔恨遗憾；悔恨It is to be regretted thatIt is to be regretted that使人遗憾的是使人遗憾的是to oneto ones regret(s regret(对某人而言对某人而言)可惜的是可惜的是 即学即用即学即用(1

43、)(1)我遗憾地告诉他他被解雇了。但使我惊奇的是，我遗憾地告诉他他被解雇了。但使我惊奇的是，他对我说：他对我说：“我没有任何遗憾。我惟一后悔的是我没有任何遗憾。我惟一后悔的是 选错了工作。选错了工作。”I _ him that he had been I _ him that he had been dismissed.Butdismissed.But to my to my surprise,hesurprise,he said to me.said to me.“I have no I have no regrets.Iregrets.I only _ only _ the wrong j

44、ob.the wrong job.”regretted to tellregretted to tellregret havingregret havingtakentaken(2)(2)Robert is indeed a wise man.Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh,yes.HowOh,yes.How often I have regretted _ often I have regretted _ his advice!his advice!A.toA.to take take B.takingB.taking C.notC.not to take to

45、 take D.notD.not taking taking 解析解析 regret doing regret doing sthsth.表示表示“为做了某事而后为做了某事而后 悔悔”，本题同时又表示否定，故选，本题同时又表示否定，故选D D。D重点短语与句型重点短语与句型 7.thanks to7.thanks to _ his _ his research,theresearch,the UNUN has more has more tools in the battle to rid the world of tools in the battle to rid the world of

46、 hunger.(hunger.(回归课本回归课本P P1010)观察思考观察思考 Everyone knows about it Everyone knows about it now,thanksnow,thanks to you!to you!多亏了你，现在大家都知道了。多亏了你，现在大家都知道了。Thanks to your Thanks to your advice,muchadvice,much trouble was saved.trouble was saved.由于您的建议省了许多麻烦。由于您的建议省了许多麻烦。归纳总结归纳总结 thanks tothanks to意为意为:

47、_:_。Thanks toThanks to幸亏；由于，因为幸亏；由于，因为易混辨异易混辨异thanks thanks to,dueto,due to,owingto,owing to,becauseto,because of of(1)thanks to(1)thanks to介词短语，只能作状语介词短语，只能作状语,多用于褒义。多用于褒义。(2)due to(2)due to意为意为“因为，由于因为，由于”,可以作表语或状语可以作表语或状语,不可位于句首。不可位于句首。be due to do be due to do sthsth.表示表示“被安排去被安排去做某事做某事”。The acc

48、ident was due to careless driving.The accident was due to careless driving.交通事故是由粗心大意的驾驶造成的。交通事故是由粗心大意的驾驶造成的。Mr.HillMr.Hill will be due to lecture twice tomorrow.will be due to lecture twice tomorrow.希尔先生明天被安排演讲两次。希尔先生明天被安排演讲两次。(3)owing to(3)owing to意为意为“由于由于”，多用作状语，作状语时，多用作状语，作状语时常用逗号隔开。常用逗号隔开。Owin

49、g to his Owing to his carelessness,Tomcarelessness,Tom failed in the failed in the exam.exam.汤姆考试不及格是由他的粗心大意引起的。汤姆考试不及格是由他的粗心大意引起的。(4)because of(4)because of语气最强，多用于表示直接原因。一语气最强，多用于表示直接原因。一般放在主句之后，有时也可放在主句之前。般放在主句之后，有时也可放在主句之前。Because of his Because of his tiredness,hetiredness,he does not want to d

50、oes not want to go with us.go with us.因为他很疲劳，他不想和我们一起去。因为他很疲劳，他不想和我们一起去。即学即用即学即用(1)_ his(1)_ his help,wehelp,we solved the problem.solved the problem.A.ForA.For B.BecauseB.Because C.ThanksC.Thanks to to D.DueD.Due to to(2)It(2)Its acknowledged that the traffic accident s acknowledged that the traffi