【课件】Unit+1+Discover+useful+structures+非限制性定语从句选择性必修第一册.pptx

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1、Unit1PeopleofAchievementDiscoverusefulstructuresunit1Teaching objectives（学习目标）复习定语从句的概念限制性定语从句和非限制性定语的区别非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法定语从句定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句，其作用相当于形容词。先行词先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。关系词关系词：引导定语从句的词。HeisanEnglishteacherwholikessingingsongs.定语从句定语从句先行词先行词关系代词关系代词1.复习定语从句的概念定定语语从从句句的的引引导导词词关关系系代代词词关关系系副副词

2、词指人指人指物指物who(主语主语,宾语宾语)whom(宾语宾语)that(主语主语,宾语宾语)whose(定语定语)as(主语主语,宾语宾语,表语表语)which(主语主语,宾语宾语)that(主语主语,宾语宾语)whose(定语定语)as(主语主语,宾语宾语,表语表语)where(地点状语地点状语)when(时间状语时间状语)why(原因状语原因状语)1.ProfessorWanghasasonwhoworksinBeijing.翻翻译：功能功能/含含义：形式形式:2.ProfessorWanghasason,whoworksinBeijing.翻翻译：功能功能/含含义：形式形式:王教授有

3、个在北京工作的儿子王教授有个在北京工作的儿子。限制性,王教授不只有一个儿子，但只有这个儿子在北京工作。没有逗号王教授有一个儿子，这个儿子在北京工作。王教授有一个儿子，这个儿子在北京工作。有逗号2.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语的区别，王教授只有一个儿子，补充说明儿子再北京工作。限制性定限制性定语从句语从句 非限制性非限制性定语从句定语从句 AspectRestrictiveRelativeClauseNon-restrictiveRelativeClause形式上形式上主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿。与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。功能上功能上用于对先行词的意义进

4、行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清。用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。翻译上翻译上翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前按句子顺序，翻译成两个简单句先行词先行词只能是名词或代词可以是名词或代词，也可以是句子关系词关系词做宾语可以省略不能使用that,why。归纳 1：限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别1.The town，where I live is beautiful.判断正误，如有错误，请修改：判断正误，如有错误，请修改：Whenshouldweusenon-definingrelativeclauses?修改修改2：Jian,where I live i

5、s beautiful.修改修改1：The town where I live is beautiful.归纳归纳2：当先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物或专有名当先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物或专有名词时，使用非限制性定语从句。词时，使用非限制性定语从句。1.Theteacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.2.Mr.Wang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.态度和蔼的老师们受学生的欢迎。态度和蔼的老师们受学生的欢迎。王老师深受学生的欢迎，他态度和蔼。王老师深受学生的欢迎，他态度和蔼。Whenshouldweu

6、senon-definingrelativeclauses?翻译：翻译：2.ProfessorWanghasason,whoworksinBeijing.1.ProfessorWanghasasonwhoworksinBeijing.王教授有一个儿子，在北京工作。王教授有一个儿子，在北京工作。王教授有个在北京工作的儿子。王教授有个在北京工作的儿子。Whenshouldweusenon-definingrelativeclauses?先行词是唯一亲属先行词是唯一亲属,使用非限制性定语从句。使用非限制性定语从句。2.Hesaidthathehadneverseenherbefore,whichwa

7、snottrue.Whenshouldweusenon-definingrelativeclauses?1.Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize,which isconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.对比关系词指代什么：对比关系词指代什么：athingasentence当先行词指代整个主句内容时，使用非限制性定语从句当先行词指代整个主句内容时，使用非限制性定语从句Whenshouldweusenon-definingrelativeclauses?1.Ihavethre

8、eforeignteachers,twoofwhomarefromCanada.most/each/few/some/any/none/both/all/neither/分分数数/百分数百分数/数字数字+of+which/whom时时.2.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.指人指人指物指物在非限制性定语从句中的在非限制性定语从句中的作用作用whowhomwhichasWhose=ofwhich/whom主语主语宾语宾语(不可省略不可省略)指代整个主句指代整个主句主语主语宾语宾语(不可省略不可省略)定语

9、定语3.非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法归纳归纳3：that不可用于引导非限制性定语从句不可用于引导非限制性定语从句关系代词关系代词who在在非非限制性定语从句中限制性定语从句中只能做主语，不能替代只能做主语，不能替代whom做宾语。做宾语。1.关系代词-非限制性定语从句主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语2.关系副词-非限制性定语从句(1)关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语,指代主句中表示_的词语。(2)关系副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,指代主句中表示_的词语。(3)when/where有时可以换成“介词十which”。(4)不能用why引导非限制性定语从句,要用_代替

10、。时间地点forwhich【语境应用】完成句子。1)Theforeignguests,_(who/that)werescientists,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.2)Myfatherboughtmeseveralbooks,noneof_(which/that)Iliketoread.3)Isthereanyoneinyourclass_(which/whose)familyisinthecity?4)Football,_(which/that)isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.whowhichw

11、hosewhich5)ThestudentswenttothehospitaltoseeMissZhang,_(that/whom/who)theyrespectgreatly.6)TheywenttotheRoyalTheatre,_(which/where)theysawthegreatshow.7)Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_(which/that)wasmorethanIhadexpected.8)Thereare50studentsinourclass,halfof_(whom/who)aregirls.whomwherewhichwhom1.A

12、severyoneknows,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.2.Sheisagreathero,asisdescribedinthereport.3.Heinvitedmetodinner,whichmademeveryhappy.4.Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.归纳 3：(1)as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时可代替整个主句。(2)as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的位置不同:as引导的定语从句可置于_，而which引导的非限制性定语从句不可放在_。(3)as引导的定语从句有“

13、_“_的意思，而which指“_”“_”句首、句中、句后句首，只能放在句中、句后3.非限制性定从句中关系词as和which的区别正如.这.as as 常见搭配常见搭配asisknowntoall；asyouknowasisexpectedasweexpectedashasbeenmentionedaboveasisreported/saidasafamoussayinggoesasispointedoutasyoucansee=ascanbeseenasisoftenthecasen众所周知众所周知n正如你所知道的那正如你所知道的那样n正如所正如所预料的那料的那样 n正如我正如我们所期待的所期

14、待的n正如上面所提到的正如上面所提到的 n正如正如报道道/所所说的那的那样n正如一句正如一句谚语所所说/俗俗话说n正如指出的正如指出的 n正如你所看正如你所看见的的 n n 情况通常如此情况通常如此1.The 2020 Summer Olympics,_ were planned for this summer in Tokyo,have been formally put off until 2021 because of COVID-19.2.Practising yoga or Tai Chi can help to keep our bodies supple,_in turn can

15、 lower joint pain and help to protect us from injury.3.The air quality in the city,_is shown in the report,has improved over the past two months.4.He passed the college entrance examinations,_ made his parents very proud.whichwhichaswhich5.He has made a wonderful discovery,_I think is of great impor

16、tance to science.which6.These house are sold at such a low price _ people expected.asP.621 Choose the words in the box to complete the sentences.who whom which whose when where in/of/for which of whom1Some people always talk loudly in public,_ is really annoying.2Professor LuProfessor Lu,_ you spoke

17、 to,specialises in constitutional law.3Please come back at four oclockat four oclock,_ your herbal medicine will be ready.4What do you want to write about these peoplethese people,_ stories I have just told you?5Have you been to the Louvre Museumthe Louvre Museum,_ you can see the Mona Lisa on displ

18、ay?6There are 45 students 45 students in our class,out _ only 10 are taking an optional art course.7Her mother works in a companycompany,_ employees are all women.8It is vital to learn to use these software programmesprogrammes,both _ can help you with collection and evaluation.whichwho(m)whenwhosew

19、herein whichof whomof whichin whichwhere P.622 Decide whether the sentences are right or wrong.Correct them where necessary.1Please write down these phrases,all of them will be useful in your writing.2As a consequence of sending in his application late,he did not get a patent for his invention,that

20、was not surprising at all.3The researchers are evaluating thousands of plants,which have distinct medical properties.4The gentle old man is the only person,whom I can trust.5Have you done all what you can to help the people in need?6Is this the botanical institute where you visited last week?and(构成并

21、列句构成并列句)which(构成主从复合句构成主从复合句)which(非限定性从句不能用非限定性从句不能用that引导引导)that(去掉逗号，是限定性定去掉逗号，是限定性定语从句从句)that(what引导的是名词性从句，特指某一引导的是名词性从句，特指某一整体整体整体整体事物，不能加事物，不能加all)that/which(引导词作引导词作visited的宾语，不能用副词的宾语，不能用副词)(若若这样的植物的植物只有成千上万种则用非限定性从句，只有成千上万种则用非限定性从句，若不止成千上万种，则用限定性从句若不止成千上万种，则用限定性从句)1.(2019浙江卷语法填空)Ontheedgeo

22、fthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth_givesofflightinthedark.2.(2019北京卷语法填空)Thestudentsbenefitingmostfromcollegearethose_aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife.3.(2018全国I)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014_showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsf

23、romallcauses.4.(2018全国II)TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005whenthegovernmentstartedasoil-testingprogram_givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.高考链接that/whichwhothat/whichwhich/that5.(2015江苏,21)Thenumberofsmokers,_isreported,hasdr

24、oppedby17percentinjustoneyear.6.(2015湖南,29)Itisatrulydelightfulplace,_looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.7.(2015浙江,19)Creatinganatmospherein_employeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.8.(2015四川,3)Thebooksonthedesk,_coversareshiny,areprizesforus.aswhichwhosewhich