高考英语名词性从句课件.ppt

《高考英语名词性从句课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语名词性从句课件.ppt（33页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、名词性从句名词性从句 What are“Noun Clauses”?指在主句中起的作用相当于名词的从句。指在主句中起的作用相当于名词的从句。e.g.a.That he will come to the conference has excited every one of us.b.He told us that they would help us through the whole work.c.The questions is whether we can reduce the cost of the product.d.I have no idea when they will be

2、back and settle down.作啥成分作啥成分?作作 主语主语作啥成分作啥成分?作作 宾语宾语作啥成分作啥成分?作作 表表语语作啥成分作啥成分?作作 同位同位语语名词性名词性从句从句：I.主语从句主语从句II.宾语从句宾语从句III.表语从句表语从句IV.同位语从句同位语从句根据其语法功能，名词性从句可分根据其语法功能，名词性从句可分为以下几种：为以下几种：I.What are“Subject Clauses”?在主句中起主语作用的名词性从句在主句中起主语作用的名词性从句称为称为主语从句主语从句。以下三类连接词可。以下三类连接词可连接主语从句：连接主语从句：1.从属连词：从属连词：

3、that;whether;if 从属连词在从句中从属连词在从句中不作任何成分不作任何成分。2.连接代词：连接代词：连接代词在从句中起连接代词在从句中起名词的作用名词的作用,作主语、宾语、表作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。语、定语等。3.连接副词：连接副词：连接副词在从句中起连接副词在从句中起副词的作用副词的作用,作状语。作状语。e.g.a.That you are late every day makes the teacher angry.你天天迟到，让老师很生气。你天天迟到，让老师很生气。=从属连词从属连词that 引导名词性从句在主句引导名词性从句在主句中作主语。中作主语。a.That yo

4、u are leaving is a pity.你要走，真遗憾。你要走，真遗憾。=从属连词从属连词that 所引从句所引从句在主句中作主语在主句中作主语,但它但它自身自身不不作任何成分。作任何成分。1.that 置于置于句首句首的主语从句：的主语从句：b.That he has lost his watch is not true,is it?他手表丢了不是真的，是吗？他手表丢了不是真的，是吗？注意：注意：(1)从属连词从属连词that 引导的主语引导的主语从句位于句首时，从句位于句首时，that不不可以可以省省略；略；(2)附加问句中不可再现附加问句中不可再现 that，而要，而要用用it.

5、e.g.这项工作能否按时完成还没定呢。这项工作能否按时完成还没定呢。Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.It is doubtful whether the work can be completed on time.It is doubtful if the work can be completed on time.注意：注意：whether 所引导的主语从句可所引导的主语从句可置于句首，而置于句首，而if 所引导的则不能。所引导的则不能。2.从属连词从属连词whether/if 引导的主语从句：引导的主语从句：3.大

6、部分主语从句都可以用大部分主语从句都可以用 it 作形式主作形式主语。为了保持句子平稳，主语从句常用语。为了保持句子平稳，主语从句常用it 作形式主语，将主语从句后置。常见结作形式主语，将主语从句后置。常见结构如下：构如下：It+(1)系动词系动词+a.名词名词b.形容词形容词(2)助动词助动词 be+p.p.(3)动词动词(4)不及物动词不及物动词主语从句主语从句e.g.a.It is a fact(n.)that English is being accepted as an international language.b.It is certain(adj.)that he will

7、do well in the terminal exam.c.It is reported(aux.be+p.p.)that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.d.It happened(v.i.)that I was out that day.e.It seems(v.i.)that Alice is not coming to the party at all.4.wh-类连接词引导的主语从句类连接词引导的主语从句 wh-类连接词包括类连接词包括wh-类类的的连接代词连接代词(who,whom,whose,

8、what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever等等)和和连接副词连接副词(when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however等等)。由由wh-类连接词引导的主语从句可置类连接词引导的主语从句可置于句首，也可置于句尾，但要用于句首，也可置于句尾，但要用it作作为形式主语。为形式主语。e.g.a.When the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear.It has not been made clear when the new road is open to t

9、raffic.b.Whoever will be in charge of the project hasnt been decided yet.It hasnt been decided yet whoever will be in charge of the project.c.What we should do next remains unknown.What 作从句的宾语，表示作从句的宾语，表示 疑问疑问。d.What he said is of great value.表示表示陈述陈述。1._ makes this shop different is that it offers

10、more personal services.A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever2._ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A.No matter what B.No matter whichC.Whatever D.WhicheverII.What are“Object Clauses”?在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。可分为三类：从句。可分为三类：宾语从句：宾语从句：1.动词的宾语从句动词的宾语从句2.介词的宾语从句介词的

11、宾语从句3.形容词的宾语从句形容词的宾语从句连接宾语从句的连接词分为：连接宾语从句的连接词分为：1.从属连词：从属连词：that;whether;if2.连接代词：连接代词：主要有主要有who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。等。3.连接副词：连接副词：主要有主要有when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however等。等。1.动词的宾语从句动词的宾语从句e.g.a.He told us(that)he felt ill.b.I dont think we

12、 two have met before.2.介词的宾语从句介词的宾语从句e.g.He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.3.形容词的宾语从句形容词的宾语从句e.g.Im afraid(that)you dont understand what I said.4.同形式主语一样，我们常用同形式主语一样，我们常用 it 来作形来作形式宾语，把真正的宾语从句放在句末。式宾语，把真正的宾语从句放在句末。e.g.a.He has made it clear that he will not give in.b.You may dep

13、end on it that I shall always support you.注意注意:一般情况下一般情况下,宾语从句中的宾语从句中的that是可以省略的。但在下列情况下，是可以省略的。但在下列情况下，that 一般不可以省略：一般不可以省略：(1)在介词后面：在介词后面：e.g.Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless.(2)并列连词并列连词and连接两个或两个以上连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句，的宾语从句，and前面的前面的that可以省略，可以省略，and后面的后面的that不可以省略。不可以省略。e.g

14、.My uncle says(that)he has served here for thirty years and that he is going to retire next month.(3)that 引导的宾语从句位于句首时，引导的宾语从句位于句首时，that不可以省略。不可以省略。e.g.That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe.(4)主句谓语动词与主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插从句之间有插入成分时，入成分时，that 不可以省略。不可以省略。e.g.He said that,if he could manage

15、 it,he would come for dinner.(5)宾语从句中有其它从属连词时，宾语从句中有其它从属连词时，that 不可以省略。不可以省略。e.g.He told me that if it was necessary they would work all night.1.Please remind me _ he said he was going.I may be in time to see him off.A.where B.when C.how D.what2.-What did your parents think about your decision?-They

16、 always let me do _ I think I should.A.when B.that C.how D.what3.-Could you do me a favour?-It depends on _ it is.A.which B.whichever C.what D.whatever 4.He spoke proudly of his part in the game,without mentioning _ his teammates had done.A.what B.which C.why D.whileIII.What are“Predicative Clauses”

17、?在句中起表语作用的从句称为表语在句中起表语作用的从句称为表语从句，位于主句系动词的后面。能从句，位于主句系动词的后面。能引导宾语从句的连接词皆可引导表引导宾语从句的连接词皆可引导表语从句。也是以下几类：语从句。也是以下几类：连接表语从句的连接词分为：连接表语从句的连接词分为：(1)从属连词：从属连词：that;whether;if(2)连接代词：连接代词：主要有主要有who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。等。注意注意:一般不能用一般不能用 if 引导表语从句引导表语从句,而用而用whet

18、her,仍保留仍保留是否是否之意之意;口语中口语中,引导表语从句的引导表语从句的that常省略，常省略，它在从句中不作任何成分，无实义。它在从句中不作任何成分，无实义。(3)连接副词：连接副词：主要有主要有when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however等。等。e.g.a.The question is whether we can reduce the cost of the product.b.The doubt is who has got away with the document.c.That was where we camped last

19、 time.d.He has heart disease.That is because he has been smoking too much.e.It looks as if it is going to rain.注意：注意：(1)主语为名词主语为名词reason时，表语从句时，表语从句中的连接词要用中的连接词要用 that,而不用而不用why。不要与定语从句搞混淆了。不要与定语从句搞混淆了。e.g.The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drunk.(2)表语从句中的

20、虚拟语气：表语从句中的虚拟语气：如主句的主语是如主句的主语是 idea,advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement 等名词时，其表语从句的谓语应用虚等名词时，其表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气，即主语无论是单数或复数，拟语气，即主语无论是单数或复数，谓语一律用谓语一律用“(should+)动词原形动词原形”的形式。的形式。e.g.My suggestion is that we(should)have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside.1.See the flags

21、 on top of the building?That was _ we did this morning.A.when B.which C.where D.what2.One advantage of playing the guitar is _ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.A.how B.why C.that D.whenIV.What are“Appositive Clauses”?同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句，它所修饰的词内容和实质的从句，它所修饰的词称为先行词。同位语从句在句中

22、词称为先行词。同位语从句在句中的作用等同于先行词的作用。的作用等同于先行词的作用。同位语从句的连接词：同位语从句的连接词：常用的引导词有常用的引导词有that,whether,why,who,where,how,when 等。等。If 一般一般不引导同位语从句。不引导同位语从句。在同位语从句中在同位语从句中that,whether 不作成不作成分，分，whether表示表示是否是否，其他连，其他连接词具有实义，同时在同位语从句中接词具有实义，同时在同位语从句中作句子成分。作句子成分。e.g.a.The fact that some countries are still suffering p

23、overty is really a great problem to the world.b.The question why so many people would choose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is still under discussion.同位语从句常用的先行词：同位语从句常用的先行词：被同位语从句所修饰的名词称为先被同位语从句所修饰的名词称为先行词。不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语行词。不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句的。常见的如下：从句的。常见的如下：belief,doubt,explanati

24、on,hope,idea,news,opinion,possibility,thought,wish,truth,fact,question,promise,problem,reply,report,suggestion,advice,order,fear,warning,etc.e.g.a.I have no idea when they will be back and settle down.b.I have just heard a warning on the radio that a hurricane is likely to come.c.The possibility tha

25、t the majority of the llabour force will work at home is a trend.d.The story goes that the lost child has gone abroad.e.The question came up at the meeting whether we had enough money for our research.1.We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad.A.if B.where C.whethe

26、r D.that2.-Its thirty years since we last met.-But I still remember the story,believe it or not,_ we got lost on a rainy night.A.which B.that C.what D.when3.There is much chance _ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.A.that B.which C.until D.if4.The suggestion that the plan _ will be discussed tomorrow.A.delayed B.delays C.be delayed D.should delay