宾语从句_课件.ppt

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1、宾宾 语语 从从 句句 The Object Clause1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾语语从从句句连词连词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）宾语从句的概念：宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。句子结构：句子结构：主句主句 +连词（引导词）连词（引导词）+宾语从句宾语从句由从属连词由从属连词thatthat引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which，what 和连接副词 where,how,wh

2、y,when引导的宾语从句由从属连词由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）1.1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由句），连词由句），连词由句），连词由thatthat引导，因为引导，因为引导，因为引导，因为thatthat在从句中不作在从句中不作在从句中不作在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意

3、思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略vvTinnaTinna sayssays(that)(that)sheshe wontwont taketake partpart inin thethe sportssports meetingmeetingnextSunday.nextSunday.vvtomthought(that)thetrainwaslikealongsnake.tomthought(that)thetrainwaslikealongsnake.vvHesaid(that)hewou

4、ldliketoseehisfriends.Hesaid(that)hewouldliketoseehisfriends.在在主主句句为为动动词词be加加某某些些形形容容词词（如如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等等）作作表表语语时时，后后面面所所跟跟的省略的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句的从句也可算是宾语从句vImsorry(that)Idontknow.vWeresure(that)wewillwin.vImafraid(that)hewillfailtheexam.注注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.I hear(that

5、)_.（一小时后他会回来）2.He said(that)_.（他非常想念我们）3.The teacher told us(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun2.2.当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语从从从从句句句句是是是是一一一一般般般般疑疑疑疑问问问问句句句句时时时时，由由由由连连连连词词词词whetherwhether或或或或if if引引引引导导导导（口口口口语语语语中中中中常常常常用用用用if if），因因因因为为为为if/whetheri

6、f/whether翻翻翻翻译译译译成成成成：“是是是是否否否否”，具具具具有有有有一一一一定定定定的的的的意意意意义义义义，所所所所以以以以不不不不能能能能省略省略省略省略vLisawantedtoknowLisawantedtoknow if/whetherif/whether hergrandpahergrandpalikedthesweater.likedthesweater.vLetsseeLetssee if/whetherif/whether wecanfindoutsomewecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.informationab

7、outthatcity.vMaryaskedmeMaryaskedme if/whetherif/whether shecouldborrowshecouldborrowsomemoney.somemoney.由从属连词由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g.1.I want to know _.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Ask him _.（他是否能来）3.I dont know _.（是否要下雨）if(whether)he will go to the park with us whether(if)he can come whether it is goin

8、g to rain or not1.1.当句末为当句末为or notor not时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用whetherwhether而不能用而不能用if.if.2.2.在介词后面在介词后面,引导词只能用引导词只能用whetherwhether而不能用而不能用if.if.3.3.在动词不定式前在动词不定式前,引导词只能用引导词只能用whetherwhether而不能用而不能用if.if.3.3.当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语从从从从句句句句是是是是特特特特殊殊殊殊疑疑疑疑问问问问句句句句时时时时，由由由由连连连连接接接接代代代代词词词词（what,what,who,who,whom,whom,

9、which,which,whosewhose）或或或或连连连连接接接接副副副副词词词词（when,where,how,whywhen,where,how,why）引导，因为连接代词引导，因为连接代词引导，因为连接代词引导，因为连接代词 或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具 有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略vDoyouknowDoyouknowwhatwhat hesaidjustnow?hes

10、aidjustnow?vIdontknowIdontknow whenwhen hewillarrive.hewillarrive.vIaskedhimIaskedhimwherewhereIcouldgetarest.Icouldgetarest.vPleasetellmePleasetellmewho(whom)who(whom)wehavetosee.wehavetosee.vDoyouknowDoyouknowwhattimewhattimetheplaneleaves?theplaneleaves?由连接代词由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接及连接副

11、词副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句1.He asked _.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Do you know_.（他们在等谁）3.He asked _.（谁的书法是班上最好的）4.Please tell me _.（我们什么时候开会）5.Can you tell me _.（他在哪儿）6.Could you tell me _.（我该怎么去车站）7.Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了）who could answer the question whom they are waiting for whose handwriting was

12、the best in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late带带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句的词组也都可以引导宾语从句vCouldyoutellusCouldyoutellushowoftenhowoftenyougoshopping?yougoshopping?vCouldyoutellusCouldyoutellushowlonghowlongthemeetingwilllast?themeetingwilllast?vIdont

13、knowIdontknowhowfarhowfaritistothebank.itistothebank.vPleasetellusPleasetellushowmanyhowmanyteachersthereareinteachersthereareinyourschool?yourschool?vCanyoutellusCanyoutellushowoldhowoldhissisteris?hissisteris?vPleasetellusPleasetellushowsoonhowsoonyouwillcome.youwillcome.vCouldyoutellusCouldyoutel

14、lushowmuchhowmuchitcoststoflytoitcoststoflytoHainan?Hainan?1.1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whetherA.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.2.Wedontknow_theydidit.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.whichA.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.3.TheThet

15、eacherteacherasksasksusus_JimJimcancancomecomebackbackonontime.time.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattimeA.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime 4.4.DoesDoesanybodyanybodyknowknow_wewewillwillhavehavea asportssportsmeetingthisweekendornot.meetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatA.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that DABC5.Iw

16、onder_heiscryingnow.5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.whenA.thatB.whyC.howD.when6.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoonHainan6.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoonHainanIsland?Island?A.whatB.howC.ifD.whetherA.whatB.howC.ifD.whether7.Lilysaid_shehadfinishedhercomposition.7.Lilysaid_shehadfinishedhercomposition.A.if

17、B.thatC.whenD.whereA.ifB.thatC.whenD.where8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherA.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherBABD二、时态二、时态1.1.1.1.如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时 ，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完

18、成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）vIknowTomliveshere.IknowTomliveshere.vIknowTomlivedheretenyearsago.IknowTomlivedheretenyearsago.vIhaveheardthathewillcometo

19、morrow.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.2.2.如如如如果果果果主主主主句句句句是是是是过过过过去去去去的的的的时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去去去去进进进进行行行行时时时时），那那那那么么么么从从从从句句句句的的的的时时时时态态态态一一一一定定定定要要要要用用用用相相相相对对对对应应应应的的的的过过过过去去去去的的的的某某某某种种种种时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去去去去进进进进行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来

20、时，过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）vIknewwholivedhere.Iknewwholivedhere.vIsawshewastalkingwithhermother.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.vHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebackHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.tomorrow.vHesaidthathehadseenit.Hesaidthathehadseenit.3.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理

21、 时用一般现在时。时用一般现在时。vTheteachersaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.1.Ididntknowwhattimehe_theletter.(write)2.MissWangtoldmethattheearth_(move)roundthesun.3.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebookalready?(take)4.LingFengtoldmehe_toShanghaiseveraltimes.(be)5.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise)6.Canyoute

22、llmewhatthey_yesterday?(do)wrotemoveshastakenhadbeenrisesdid三、语序三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分例如：例如：Wheredoeshelive?Idontknow.=Idontknowwherehelives.1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?HisbrotheraskswhenHisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotohewillgotothelibrary.theli

23、brary.HisbrotheraskswhenHisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotowillhegotothelibrary.thelibrary.2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?IdontknowwhatIdontknowwhathewantstohewantstobuy.buy.IdontknowwhatIdontknowwhatdoeshewanttodoeshewanttobuy.buy.3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?CanyoutellmewhoCan

24、youtellmewhowearegoingtowearegoingtomeet?meet?CanyoutellmewhoCanyoutellmewhoarewegoingtoarewegoingtomeet?meet?4.DoesheknowFrench?4.DoesheknowFrench?Wewanttoknowif/whetherWewanttoknowif/whetherheknowsheknowsFrench.French.Wewanttoknowif/whetherWewanttoknowif/whetherdoesheknowdoesheknowFrench.French.5.

25、WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?Theyrenotsureif/whetherTheyrenotsureif/whethertheywillgototheywillgoto Canadainsummer.Canadainsummer.Theyrenotsureif/whetherTheyrenotsureif/whetherwilltheygotowilltheygoto Canadainsummer.Canadainsummer.1.1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Di

26、dthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?Doyouknow?2.2.Mr.Mr.SmithSmithhavehavebeenbeenininChinaChinaforforaboutaboutthreethreeyearsyears.JimtoldLinTao.JimtoldLinTao.Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicnicDoyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?lastSunday?JimtoldLinTao(that)MrSmithhad

27、beeninChinaJimtoldLinTao(that)MrSmithhadbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.foraboutthreeyears.3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterdaysclass.Ourteachertoldusinyesterdaysclass.P

28、leasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterdaysclass.1could/would是是委委婉婉语语气气，而而不不是是过过去去式式，因因此此宾宾语语从从句句的的时时态态根根据据实实际际情情况况用用不不同同时态。时态。注意事项vCouldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourCouldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?tickets?vCouldyoutelluswhichgatewehav

29、etogoto?Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?vWouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?2.如如果果主主句句的的谓谓语语动动词词是是ask时时，连连词词不不可可能能是是that；如如果果主主句句的的谓谓语语动动词词是是say时时，连连词用词用thatvShesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.vHesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthechild.vHeasksifIli

30、keplayingthepiano.vYoumayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation.3.如果从句中含有如果从句中含有or或或ornot时，只能时，只能用用whether而不用而不用ifvCouldyoutellmewhetherthatsafasttrainornot?vDoyouknowwhetherheisrightornot?vIdontcarewhetherhellstayhereornot.1.Couldyoushowme_?1.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationA.howcanI

31、gettothestationB.whereisthestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestationD.howIcanreachthestation2.Pleasetellme_.2.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeA.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike3

32、.Mysistertoldhim_.3.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedA.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_nextweek.4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_nextweek.A.wouldgoB.togoA.wouldgoB.togoC.hadtogoD.willgoC.hadto

33、goD.willgo5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch_toflyto5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch_toflytoHainan?Hainan?A.doitcostB.doesitcostA.doitcostB.doesitcostC.itcostD.itcostsC.itcostD.itcosts6.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.6.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.A.whatistheirstockingsinA.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsB.whatis

34、intheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockingsD.whatintheirstockingsDBD7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisA.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitisC.whoisitD.whoitis8.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?8.Couldyou

35、tellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchA.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChinaBD将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatw

36、illyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.THE ENDTHE END