初中英语最全短语和句型包含详细讲解.docx

《初中英语最全短语和句型包含详细讲解.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语最全短语和句型包含详细讲解.docx（68页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、初中最全短语和句型包含详细讲解字母A开头1、bit* adv.稍微;有点儿用：可修饰动词、形容词、副词及比较级。例：That looks delicious. Can I have a bit?那个看上去很好吃。我可以尝一口吗?例：These trousers are a bit tight.这条裤子有点儿紧。2、a bit of* adj.一点儿;少量的用：修饰不可数名词。例：Let me give you a bit of advice.我给你一点儿建议吧。例：| have a bit of homework today.我今天有一点儿作业。3、a couple of adj.几个;两个;

2、一对辨：a couple of:指在一起或互有关系的两个人或物,但并不意味着是同样的。a pair of:表示由相同的部分组成并一般成对出现的物品。例：A couple of boys were playing chess.两个男孩在下国际象棋。4、a few* adj.有些;一些;几个;少数辨：a few:修饰可数名词,表示肯定的含义。few:修饰可数名词，表示否定的含义。a little:修饰不可数名词,表示肯定的含义。little:修饰不可数名词,表示否定的含义。联：not a few 不少的;相当多的例：Ken gave me a few cards.肯给了我几张卡片。5、a good

3、 great many adj.很多，大量用：用来修饰可数名词复数;修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。注：a great many 比 a good many程度更强。例：A good great many students took the test.很多学生参加了测试。6、a group of adj.一群;一组;一批用：修饰可数名词复数;group 前可用形容词修饰。联：a small group of 一小组例 ：Its good for teenagers to have one or a group of good friends.拥有一个或一群好朋友对青少年来说有好处。(湖

4、北咸宁)7、a kind of adj.一种;某种辨：a kind of:修饰名词。kind of:只用于修饰形容词和动词,意为“有几分;有点儿”。例：Panda is a kind of animal, and its kind of cute.熊猫是一种动物,并且它有点儿可爱。8、a ticket to adj.一张的票联book a ticket 预订票show (sb) the ticket(向某人)出示票例I managed to get a ticket to the concert.我设法弄到了一张音乐会的票。9、a little*adj.& adv. 少量(的);一点点可修饰不

5、可数名词;也可修饰动词、形容词、副词或比较级。例：We need some more sugar. There is only a little left.我们需要再来一些糖,只剩一点儿了。例：| feel a little tired.我觉得有点儿累了。10、a lot*adv.& pron.很;非常;常常;很多辨：a lot:后不跟名词,可用作代词短语和副词短语;作副词短语时,一般放在句末,相当于very much。 a lot of:意为“大量;许多,后可跟可数名词复数,也可跟不可数名词。例：l am feeling a lot better now.我现在好多了。例：Mary has

6、a lot to do today.玛丽今天有很多事要做。11、a lot of=lots of* adj.大量;许多用a lot of 与 lots of 同义,但在口语中多使用 lots of。例：Owning a horse ranch requires a lot of money.拥有一个马场需要很多钱。(海南)例：There were a lot of people at the party.聚会上来了很多人。12、a map of adj.一张.的地图联：a photo of一张的照片例This is a map of my hometown.这是一张我家乡的地图。例 Give

7、me a map of France.给我一张法国地图。13、a moment ago adv.刚才;片刻之前用常与一般过去时连用。联：a moment later片刻之后;过一会儿例He was here a moment ago.他刚才还在这儿。例| called a moment ago, but nobody answered.我刚才打电话了,但没有人接。14、a number of* adj.许多;若干辨a number of:意为“许多;若干”,修饰可数名词复数;作主语时,谓语动词用复数。the number of:意为“的数目”,后接可数名词复数;作主语时,谓语动词用单数。例A

8、number of people have realized the importance of sav- ing food.许多人已经意识到节约食物的重要性。15、a pair of* adj.一双;一副用a pair of 只能修饰必须成双、成对出现的物件。a pair of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数。例A pair of shoes is in the box.一双鞋在盒子里。例 I want to buy a pair of gloves.我想买一副手套。16、a piece of adj.一片;一块用后接不可数名词。联a piece of meat一块肉a piece of news

9、一条消息a piece of music 一首歌曲a piece of advice一条建议例A piece of iron suddenly dropped from the sky.突然一块铁从天空落了下来。(福建龙岩)17、a set of adj.一套;一副;一组用“a set of+名词”表示由若干部分构成一套完整物品。联a set of coffee cups 一套咖啡杯例He bought a set of books.他买了一套书。例l am looking for a set of tools.我正在寻找一套工具。18、above all adv.首先;最重要的;尤其用常用作

10、状语,强调内容的重要性。例Above all, keep in touch.最重要的是保持联系。例 ld like to buy a big and modern house. Above all, I hope its in a quiet neighborhood.我想买一所现代的大房子,最重要的是,我希望它在一个安静的社区。(天津)19、according to* prep.根据;按照用to 是介词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式。例According to the survey, many students were willing to work hard to achieve

11、their aims.据调查,许多学生都会为了实现自己的目标而努力学习。(山东烟台)20、across from prep.在.对面例There is a school just across from my home.有一所学校就在我家对面。例A lady is sitting across from me on the train.在火车上,一位女士坐在我对面。21、add to v.向.增加;往加入联add.to. 把加到例There are more and more private cars in our city. This adds to the traffic and poll

12、ution.我们城市中的私家车越来越多,这加重了交通的拥堵和污染。(内蒙古呼和浩特)22、add up v.把.加起来用后接名词或代词作宾语,代词作宾语时,要置于add和up之间。例Please add up all the numbers.请把所有的数字加起来。例The math problem is to add them up.这道数学题是求它们的总和。23、add up to v.合计;总计后接数词,该短语不用于被动语态。例The bills add up to $50.这些账单加起来是50 美元。例The money he spent added up to more than $1

13、,000.他所花的钱合计为1000多美元。24、after a while adv.过了一会儿;不久以后辨after a while:相当于after a moment,常用于一般过去时回答以 when 引导的问句。in a while:意为“一会儿;不久”常用于一般将来时,回答以how soon 引导的问句。例After a while, a big man opened the door.过了一会儿,一个高大的男人开了门。(辽宁丹东)25、after all* adv.不管怎样;毕竟;终究;究竟用置于句末时,表示结果与预想的有所不同,意为“终究;究竟”;置于句首时,用于提醒别人注意某一事实

14、,意为“毕竟”。例You should praise your son. After all, he works harder than before.你应该表扬你儿子,毕竟他学习比以前努力了。26、after school adv.放学后联after class 下课后go to school 去上学例Well leave after school.我们将在放学后离开。例 Shall we meet you after school?放学后我们去找你好吗?27、again and again adv.再三地;反复地;不断地同 over and over again 再三地;反复地例Again

15、 and again the doctor looked over the crying baby girl.医生反复检查那个哭泣的女婴。(广东)例| have told you again and again not to play there.我曾反复对你说不要在那里玩。28、agree on upon v.赞同;取得一致意见辨I agree on upon:常与表示价格、计划、日期或协议等的词搭配使用。agree to:表示同意或答应做某事,常与表示建议、安排或条件的词搭配使用。例 Im sorry we cant agree on upon this.很抱歉我们在这一点上意见不一致。2

16、9、agree to* v.同意;赞成用后跟动词原形或表示建议、安排等的词。例I agreed to help him.我同意帮助他。例He agreed to my idea.他赞同我的意见，30、agree with * v.赞同;持相同意见;相符用后接人称代词、名词、what 从句及表示意见、看法的词。注agree with 不用于被动语态。例| agree with you.我赞同你的意见。(福建漳州)例Your story agrees with what I have already heard.你讲的故事跟我听过的完全一致。31、aim at v.瞄准;针对;致力于;旨在例 l

17、was aiming at the tree but hit the car by mistake.我瞄准树射击,不料失误打中了汽车。例The book is aimed at very young children.这本书的对象是幼童。32、all ( of ). adj.&pron.所有的.用后跟可数名词复数或不可数名词。作主语时,谓语动词根据其后的名词或代词确定单复数形式。of 可以省略。例All (of) them enjoyed the party.他们都喜欢那个聚会。例All (of) the food has gone.食物全光了。33、all kinds of* adj.各种各

18、样的;许多的用后接可数名词复数,表示不同种类。例There are all kinds of books in the library.图书馆里有各种各样的书。例A life coach is somebody who helps you reach34、all kinds of goals. 生活导师就是帮你实现各种目标的人。all in all adv.总的来说;总计例All in all it has been a great success.总的说来,那是个巨大的成功。例All in all, its been a pretty bad year for me.总的说来,这对我来说是非

19、常糟糕的一年。35、all ones life adv.终生;一生同in ones life 在某人的一生中例He lived all his life in Paris.他一生都住在巴黎。例| hope you are happy all your life.希望你一生幸福。36、all over* adv.& prep.到处;遍及;结束联all over the world 全世界all over China全中国例I looked all over for the lost book.我到处找那本丢了的书。例There are bus lines all over Beijing.北京到

20、处都是公交线路。(北京)37、all right* adv.好的;行;可以辨all right:表示同意或答应请求。thats all right:意为“不用谢”,用于回答别人的道谢。thats right:意为“对,没错”，表示同意某人的观点。例一Lets go to school! 我们去上学吧!-All right.好的。38、all the same* adv. 都一样;仍然;照样地用可用于句中或句末,多用于交际语中。例 Its all the same to me whether she comes or not.她来不来,我都无所谓。例You say the bridge is s

21、afe but I shall take care all the same.你说这桥很安全,可我还是要小心。39、all the time adv.一直;总是;始终用一般不表示频率,而是表示某一特定的活动从开始一直到结束的时间。例They are laughing all the time.他们一直笑个不停。例New things come into fashion all the time.新的事物总是很快就会流行起来。40、all the way adv.一路上;自始至终;一直例She didnt speak a word to me all the way back home.回家的路

22、上,她没对我说过一句话。例He drove all the way from Russia to France.他从俄罗斯一直开车到法国。41、all together adv.一起;总共辨all together:表示全体在一起。altogether:修饰全句时,意为“总之”;修饰形容词、副词或动词时,意为“完全;全部地”。例All together, there are 15 students.一共有15名学生。42、all ( the ) year round adv.一年到头;终年联year by year 一年年地;每年例We are busy all (the) year roun

23、d.我们一年到头都很忙。例Pines are green all (the) year round.松树四季常青。43、along with prep.与一起;加之例He came to the party along with his friends.他和朋友们一起去了聚会。例She lost her job when the factory closed, along with hun- dreds of others.工厂倒闭时,她和其他成百上千的人一样失去了工作。44、and so on*conj.诸如此类;等等辨and so on:用于列举多项事例的最后。for example:表示

24、在众多事物中仅举少数几个例子。such as:通常放在被列举的事物的前面以及需要说明的事物的后面。例 Mary masters five languages, such as English, Chinese, Japanese and so on.玛丽会5种语言,例如英语、汉语和日语等。45、apart from prep.此外;除之外用根据不同情况，可与except, besides 互换。例Apart from Tom, she has no friends.除汤姆外,她没有朋友。例Apart from the design, 1 dont like the color.除了样式之外,我

25、也不喜欢它的颜色。46、argue about v.为.争论辨|argue about:就某事而争论。argue with:与某人争论。例Dont argue about the matter any more.不要再为那件事争吵了。例Theyre always arguing about the money.他们总为钱的事争吵。47、argue with v.与.争论联argue with sb about 就与某人争论例 She is always ready to argue with us.她总是喜欢与我们争论。例| dont want to argue with you.我不想与你争

26、论。48、arrive at* v.到达;抵达辨arrive at:后接小地点。arrive in:后接大地点。get:后跟地点名词时需加介词 to。arrive 和 get 后可直接跟 here, there等地点副词。reach:后可直接跟地点名词。例We arrived at the village at noon.我们在中午到达了那个村子。49、arrive in* v.到达;抵达例I will call you as soon as I arrive in Hangzhou.我一到杭州就给你打电话。(四川宜宾)例 They are to arrive in Beijing at 5

27、0clock this afternoon.他们将于今天下午5点钟抵达北京。字母A开头50.as soon as*conj.-就用:用来引导状语从句,如果主句用一般将来时,as soon as 引导的时间状语从句多用一般现在时代替一般将来时。联:as soon as possible 尽快地例:Ill go to London as soon as the school term ends.学期一结束我就去伦敦。51.as usual* adv.像往常一样;照例用:表示一种习惯性动作的重复,常置于句首或句末。置于句首时,其后往往加逗号。例:Tom was late as usual.汤姆像往常

28、一样又迟到了。例:As usual, he left the children at home.像往常一样,他把孩子们留在了家里。52.as well* adv.也;又;还辨:as well:作“也”讲时,放在句末,前面不加逗号。also:放在 be 动词后,实义动词前,用于肯定句中。either:放在句末，只用于否定句中。too:放在句末,与前面的句子用逗号隔开。例:I sent him a letter and some cards as well.我给他寄了一封信,外加一些卡片。53.as well as conj. 并且;还;和一样好用:连接两个并列主语时,强调前者,谓语动词要随 as

29、 well as 之前的主语的人称、数而变化。联:not only.but also. 不仅而且例:Lily as well as her parents was invited to the party.莉莉和她的父母都被邀请参加聚会。54.as you know adv.如你所知用:常用作插入语。例:As you know, I work hard.如你所知，我工作很努力。例:As you know, people are interested in the plan.如你所知,人们对这个计划很感兴趣。55.at a timeprep.一次;每次辨: at a time:强调具体的某一次。

30、at times:意为“有时;偶尔”,说明这种事不止一次,时不时都会发生，主要表达一种常态。例:Dont eat too much ice cream at a time.一次不能吃太多冰激凌。56.at all*adv.根本;到底;竟然用常用于否定句、肯定句、疑问句中以加强语气。例:I dont like it at all.我一点儿也不喜欢它。例:We are surprised you came at all.我们感到吃惊的是你竟然来了。57.at first*prep.首先;开始;最初辨: at first:含有刚开始后来并非如此之意。first of all:意为“首先;第一”,尤其

31、指次序上的第一。例:Though 1 might have been lucky at first, I also need to put in hard work.虽然起初我可能已经很幸运,但我也需要付出努力。(河北)58.at homeadv.在家;在国内联:feel at home 感觉自在stay at home 待在家里例:I called you last night, but you were not at home.昨天晚上我给你打电话了,但你不在家。例She is popular at home.她在国内很受欢迎。59.at last* adv.最后;终于用:at last

32、指时间上的终点,强调经过长时间的延误或努力之后“最后;终于”。例:About ten minutes later, the door opened and Miss Liu at last came in, smiling.大约 10分钟后,门开了,刘小姐终于微笑着进来了。(广西梧州)60.at least adv.至少用:对所讲内容进行强调,在句中作状语。反at most 至多;不超过例:Every Chinese should visit the Great Wall at least once.每个中国人至少应参观一次长城。(湖北咸宁)61.at night* adv.在晚上;在夜里注

33、此短语中 night 前不加定冠词 the.联:at noon 在正午例:I cant sleep well at night because of the noise.由于噪音,我晚上无法安睡。例Father always goes to bed early at night.父亲晚上睡觉很早。62.at once adv.立即;马上联right now 现在;立刻;马上 all at once 突然例:Come here at once!马上过来!例:When people are in need of help, he will appear at once.当人们需要帮助时,他马上就会

34、出现。(江苏泰州) 63.at present adv.目前;现在联:for the present 暂时;目前例:Im afraid I cant help you at present.-lm too busy.我恐怕现在帮不了你-我实在太忙了。例:I dont need the book at present.我现在不需要这本书。 64.at schooladv.在学校;在上学注 :school前不加定冠词 the。联：after school 放学后go to school 去上学例:You should obey the rules at school.在学校要遵守规则。例 :Im

35、still at school.我还在上学。65.as a matter of fact*adv.事实上;其实用：用来说明一个事实,习惯上用于句首,在句中作插入语,表示强调。同 in fact 实际上;其实例:As a matter of fact, Im proud of my daughter.事实上,我为我的女儿感到骄傲。66. as a result ( of ) adv.& prep.因此;作为的结果例:As a result, she has been given a good job.结果她被给予了一份好工作。例:She died as a result of her injur

36、ies.她由于受伤而死亡。67.as a whole adv.作为一个整体;总体上用:强调所有部分都已考虑到。联 on the whole 总体上;总的来说例We must consider these matters as a whole.我们必须全盘考虑这些事。68.as.as* conj.像.(一样)用:第一个 as是副词,其后跟形容词或副词的原级;第二个as是连词,后接从句。否定形式为 not so as.as。例My brother is at least as tall as you.我哥哥至少和你一样高。(湖南益阳)例He doesnt run as fast as his si

37、ster,他跑得不如姐姐快。69.as.as possible* adv.尽可能用:as.as possible相当于 as.as one can。两个as之间用形容词或副词的原级。联：as early as possible 尽早as soon as possible尽快例：You must leave here as soon as possible.你必须尽快离开这儿。70.as for prep.至于;关于辨:as for:不能放在句中,而as to 可以。as to:后可接连接代词或连接副词引导的从句,而as for 无此用法。例：As for my wish, I want to

38、rest for two months somewhere quiet.至于说我的愿望,我想在某个安静的地方休息两个月。(四川成都)71.as if conj.仿佛;好像用:相当于as though,常用在look, seem 等系动词之后引导表语从句,也可引导状语从句。若引导的从句表示的情况不是事实,则用虚拟语气。例She looks as if she were ten years younger.她看起来像是年轻了10岁。72.as long as* conj. 只要;长达;和一样长辨:as long as:用于同级比较时,既可用于肯定句中也可用于否定句中。so long as:当意为“

39、只要”时,可以与as long as 互换，但用于同级比较时,只能用于否定句中。例As long as you study hard, you will make progress.只要努力学习,你就会取得进步。(福建福州)73.as many as*conj. & adj.和一样多;多达用:此结构中 many 可用作形容词或代词,many后可接可数名词复数。辨as many as:修饰可数名词复数。as much as:修饰不可数名词。例Take as many as you want.你想要多少就拿多少。例| have as many books as you have.我有和你一样多的书

40、。74.as much as*conj. & adj.和一样多;多达用：much 用作代词,指不可数的东西;作形容词时,修饰不可数名词。例：I dont have as much money as you have.我没有你那么多的钱。例:He earns as much as 10 thousand yuan a month.他月薪可达1万元。75ask for v.要;要求;请求;恳求(给予)联:ask for sth 要求得到某物 ask for sb 请求见某人例:The little boy asked for more milk.小男孩要更多的牛奶。例:lf you have an

41、y difficulties, please ask your teacher for help.如果你有困难,请向老师求助。(山东淄博)76.ask questionsv.问问题联：raise a question 提出问题answer questions 回答问题 ask sb a question 问某人问题例:She is asking questions all the time.她一直在问问题。77.ask sb about v.向某人打听用：about 是介词,表示询问的内容。例The interviewer asked me about my future plans.面试者问

42、了我关于未来的计划。例:We must ask him about it.我们必须向他问个究竟。78.ask sb to do sth* v.要求某人做某事反:ask sb not to do sth 要求某人不做某事例:Mr King asked all the children to sit down quietly.金老师让所有的孩子都静静地坐好。(山东济南)例:Peters wife always asks him not to smoke.彼得的妻子一直要求他不要吸烟。(四川宜宾)79.at a speed ofprep.以.的速度联:at low speed 以低速at high

43、speed 以高速 at full speed 以全速例: The truck is traveling at a speed of 50 mph.货车以每小时50英里的速度行驶。80.at table adv.在吃饭辨:at table:意为“在吃饭”,强调动作。at the table:意为“在桌子旁”,不一定在吃饭,强调状态。例:She was at table when I called her.我给她打电话时,她正在吃饭。81.at that moment adv.在那时同:at that time在那时联:at this moment 在这时at the moment此刻;现在;目

44、前例:What were you doing at that moment?那时你正在干什么?82.at the age of* prep.在.岁时用:后接表示年龄的基数词,表示“在某人岁时”,相当于when sb is.years old.例:In order to become a doctor, Darwin was sent to Edinburgh University at the age of sixteen.为了成为一名医生，16岁时达尔文就被送到爱丁堡大学学习。(山东烟台)83.at the beginning of prep.在的开始辨at the beginning of

45、:指一个事件或一段时间刚刚开始的时候。 in the beginning:相当于 at first,与“后来”相对,一般不与 of 连用。例:At the beginning of this century, scientists made an inter esting discovery. 本世纪初,科学家们有了一个有趣的发现。84.at the bottom of prep.在.的底部辨:at the bottom of:指纵向上的底部。at the end of:指水平方向上的尽头。反:at the top of 在顶端例:Some fish live at the bottom of the ocean.有些鱼生活在大洋底部。85.at the cinema adv.在电影院联:go to the cinema 去看电影例:Whats on at the cinema today?今天电影院放映什么电影?A例:I was going to meet Danny at the cinema.我打算去电影院和丹尼见面。