高考英语-阅读理解之七选五备战高考英语微专题(全国通用).docx

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1、阅读理解之七选五题型特征七选五试题给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了新课标“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。七选五和传统题型完型填空有些类似，虽然完型填空题考查的是词汇层面，七选五考查的是句子层面，但是它们的考查方式是一样的，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行，

2、因此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共同之处。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。 从考试说明对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”可以得出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。试题特点1. 符合英语课程标准中“提高学生用英语获取信息、处理

3、信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力”的要求和普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明中“如果希望准确、深刻地理解一篇文章，必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握住全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。”的要求。如果说通常意义上的高考英语完形填空题是词法和句法范围内的考查，它是语言表达的基本单位，属于语言的组织规律，那么阅读填空题就是章法范围内的考查，是语言使用的范畴，属于言语的组织规律，简单地说，前者侧重语言的结构语法，而后者侧重语言的使用章法。2.注重考查学生的逻辑思维能力。阅读本质就是一种理解、吸收、鉴赏、评价文章的思维过程，新题型不但要求考生具备词汇、句子、语段、语篇等方面的知识，而且要有辨证、综合、

4、分析、归纳方面的逻辑思维能力，是阅读的深层理解，也是阅读的核心和关键。3.题材新颖，具有浓厚的时代气息和较高的真实性，与学生的学习经历和生活经历相适应，与新课程理念下的高考改革走向相适应，与高中英语教学实际相适应，遵循了英语课程标准的评价理念，保证了试题的效度、信度、真实性和公平性原则。解答技巧根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略1. 如果空白在段首（1）通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关词，从而推断出主题句。（2）与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文的第一、二句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找相关词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在

5、意思上是紧密衔接的。（3）段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望，阅读上一段的结尾部分，并结合下一段的内容，将所选的答案代入，看其是否能承上启下，将两段内容连起来。2. 如果空白在段尾（1）重点阅读空白前的一两句以锁定关键词。（2）通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，选项中也可发现前文的同义词、句。（3）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。（4）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是要补全说明本段主题的其他细节，在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式

6、结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。前句与正确答案的第一句是紧密相连的，要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句。（5）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。（6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。3. 如果空白构成一整个自然段（1）这个段落应该起承上启下的作用，而且自成一体，即有一个段落的中心，因此可重点阅读较长的选项，以此类推，直至找到正确答案。（2）着重阅读前一段结尾和后一段开头的一两句，寻找相关的线索，而且重要线索通常会在后一段开头，因此后一段开头往往比前一段结尾更重要。（3）分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，

7、注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，即为正确答案。【典例示例】（2021年6月浙江卷）Youve got mailand its a postcardPaulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Romes Colosseum. Or Africas Victoria Falls. Or Chinas Great Wall. 31 I often send po

8、stcards to family and friends. he says to China Daily, but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it 32 ” Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say

9、 the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulos hunch（直觉）paid off. Today his hobby has developed into the website , a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. 33 Runnin

10、g the website has almost turned into a full-time job. Language is certainly a harrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept

11、doesnt work if one doesnt understand it. 34 So a common language is required and in postcrossing thats English since its widely spoken. Many people in China have limited exposure to English. 35 That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their Engli

12、sh skills through their use of postcrossing, Paulo says. A. And thats totally fineB. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice itC. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobbyD. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world. E. On August 5, the number o

13、f postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million. F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away. G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.语篇解读主题语境人与自我-创新意识语篇大意本文为记叙文。文章介绍了34岁的葡萄牙电脑工程师P

14、aulo Magallhaes喜欢世界各地的明信片，并克服困难设法借助网络发展自己的爱好、创办 网站并取得成功的故事。背景知识Postcrossing一名来源于英文单词中的明信片（postcard）与交流（crossing），发想自图书漂流（Bookcrossing）的计划网站。然而，这种明信片的交流或者交换机制是不同的。一名成员给另外一名成员寄出明信片，并随机从另一位成员那里收到另一张明信片。相同两名成员之间的交换只会进行一次。参与这一项目完全免费，任何人只要有地址，均可注册帐号。重点单词imagine料想，猜测，设想；seck寻找，寻求，谋求；register登记，注册；barrier 障

15、碍，屏障，障碍物高级短语 give up故弃；pay off获得成功；turn into变成.长难句分析原文：Today his hobby has developed into the website , a social network that hasgrown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 year ago.分析：本句为主从复合句。句中的a social network与the website 是同位语；that引导定语从句；since引导时间状语从句。答案

16、与解析：31.G 空格处为本段结尾句，前文出现了描述Paulo喜欢世界各地明信片的内容，即“Or AfricasVictoria Falls. Or China s Great Wal.”，由此可知他喜欢各种明信片。设空处为总结性语言，G选项中的信息“in short”符合逻辑顺序，“he loves postcards”承接上文题意。故选G项。32.A 空格前提到Paulo邮寄明信片的“遭遇”，空格后提到“Seeking other like-minded souls,However,Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: on

17、line”，由此可知空格处承上启下，表示遇到的问题“完全不成问题”,说明Paulo没有放弃自己的爱好，而是采取了网络方式。故选A。33.E 根据空格前的“a sociall network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 2 14 countriesand regions since he started it 10 year ago”可知，Paulo创办的这家社交网站注册人数一直在增长，选项E中的“On August 5 , the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31

18、million”能承接前文，用数据说明网站的火爆。故选E。34.F 根据空格前的“As cool as it may be to receive postcard written in Chinesc, the concept doesn t work if one doesn t understand it”以及空后的“so”可知，此处指两者情况的比较。F项“Similarly, if you speak only Chincse，receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the funaway”符合题意，其中的“Similarly”说明对比关系。故

19、选F。35.B 根据空格前的“Many people in China have limited exposure to English”可知，中国很多人接触英语的机会有限，所以学习和练习这种语言会有难度。B项“That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it”符合题意，其中的“hard to learn and practice”说明此意。故选B。【检测训练】1Learning a new language like English can be a challenge.1. Classes are important, but so is

20、disciplined practice. It can even be fun. Here are some guidelines to help you become a better English learner.Study every day. Learning any new language is a time-consuming process, more than 300 hours according to some estimates. Rather than try and cram a few hours of review once or twice a week,

21、 most experts say short, regular study sessions are more effective.2. 3. Instead of focusing on one single task for the entire study session, try mixing things up. Study a little grammar, then do a short listening exercise, then perhaps read an article on the same topic. Dont do too much; 20 minutes

22、 on three different exercises is plenty. The variety will keep you engaged and make studying more fun.Read, watch, and listen. Reading English-language newspapers and books, listening to music, or watching TV can also help you improve your written and verbal comprehension skills. 4. Write it down. R

23、epetition is key as youre learning English, so writing is a great way to practice.5. By making a habit of writing, youll also find your reading and comprehension skills improve over time. You may even discover youve got a talent for writing.A. Keep things fresh.B. Play vocabulary and grammar games.C

24、. But with regular study, it can be done.D. It doesnt matter whether you use a computer or pen and paper.E.Non-native English speakers sometimes struggle with doing so.F.As little as 30 minutes a day can help you improve your English skills over time.G.By doing so repeatedly, youll absorb things lik

25、e speech patterns, accents, and grammar.【答案】1. C 2. F 3. A 4. G 5. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何成为一个更好的英语学习者的方法。1. 根据上文“Learning a new language like English can be a challenge.（学习一门像英语这样的新语言是一种挑战）”及常识可知，尽管学习英语是一种挑战，但是通过有规律的学习，也是可以学会的。由此可知，C. But with regular study, it can be done.（但经过有规律的学习，它可以被学会）能够承接上文，符合

26、题意。故选C。2. 根据本段主旨句“Study every day.（每天学习）”及上文“Rather than try and cram a few hours of review once or twice a week, most experts say short, regular study sessions are more effective.（大多数专家表示，与每周一两次花几个小时死记硬背相比，短时间、有规律的学习更有效）”可知，此处强调了每天坚持短时间、有规律的学习更有效。由此可知，F. As little as 30 minutes a day can help you i

27、mprove your English skills over time.（每天只需30分钟就可以帮助你随着时间的推移提高你的英语技能）正是每天坚持短时间、有规律的一种学习方法。故选F。3. 根据下文“Instead of focusing on one single task for the entire study session, try mixing things up. Study a little grammar, then do a short listening exercise, then perhaps read an article on the same topic.

28、Dont do too much; 20 minutes on three different exercises is plenty. The variety will keep you engaged and make studying more fun.（不要在整个学习过程中专注于一项任务，试着把事情混合起来。先学一点语法，然后做一小段听力练习，再读一篇相同主题的文章。不要做太多；花20分钟做三种不同的练习就足够了。多样性会让你保持专注，让学习变得更有趣）”可知，本段主要强调了多样性学习的好处。由此可知，A. Keep things fresh.（保持事物新鲜）适合作本段主旨句。故选A。

29、4. 根据上文“Read, watch, and listen. Reading English-language newspapers and books, listening to music, or watching TV can also help you improve your written and verbal comprehension skills.（读，看，听。阅读英文报纸和书籍，听音乐或看电视也可以帮助你提高你的书面和口头理解能力）”及常识可知，经常读、看、听英语能够让学习者自然而然地吸收像说话模式、口音和语法这样的东西。由此可知，G. By doing so repe

30、atedly, youll absorb things like speech patterns, accents, and grammar. （通过重复这样做，你会吸收像说话模式、口音和语法这样的东西）符合题意。故选G。5. 根据上文“Write it down. Repetition is key as youre learning English, so writing is a great way to practice.（把它写下来。重复是你学习英语的关键，所以写是一个很好的练习方法）”及下文“By making a habit of writing, youll also find

31、 your reading and comprehension skills improve over time.（通过养成写的习惯，你也会发现你的阅读和理解能力随着时间的推移而提高）”可知，本段强调了写的重要性。由此可知，D. It doesnt matter whether you use a computer or pen and paper.（你是用电脑还是用笔和纸都没关系）指出不要在意写的方式，正是强调一定要坚持写，符合题意。故选D。2Before COVID-19, self-care caring for ourselves may have not been a priorit

32、y for many people. 6. . There is no exact way to practice self-care. It includes many areas and may look different from person to person. Here are some suggestions on what can be done. 7. For some people, self-care may be simply slowing down. It can also mean controlling parts of your life that you

33、can control. This is important when the world around you feels out of control.Learn something newFor some people, self-care might include doing things they have always wanted to do but never made time for. 8. .Mental health self-careAnother form of self-care is making time to meet with a mental heal

34、th specialist, if needed. The Associated Press reports that online mental health services have increased during the pandemic. However, meeting with a mental health professional may not be possible for some people. 9. . Meditating, writing about your feelings and problems, and organizing the physical

35、 space around you are all forms of self-care.Be kind to yourself the best type of self-careExperts remind us that self-care during the pandemic could feel like riding a rollercoaster up some days, down on others.It can help to have a routine a usual way of doing things. But experts say keep the rout

36、ine simple. 10. . Remember, be kind to yourself.A. Never feel out of controlB. Slow down and feel in controlC. But now it is even more important than usualD. So doctors have suggestions for other ways to reduce stress during the pandemicE.Self-care includes both individual wellness and the wellness

37、of the greater communityF.It is also important not to be hard on yourself if you do not keep to your routine every dayG.These things include baking, gardening, and learning a new language or some other new skills【答案】6. C 7. B 8. G 9. D 10. F【解析】这是一篇说明文。在COVID-19之前，自我护理照顾自己可能不是许多人的优先事项，但是现在它比平时更重要。文章

38、主要介绍了一些自我照顾的建议。6. 根据上文“Before COVID-19, self-care caring for ourselves may have not been a priority for many people.（在COVID-19之前，自我护理照顾自己可能不是许多人的优先事项）”结合后文提出了一些自我护理的方法，可知本句与上文构成转折，指出自我护理的重要性。故C选项“但是现在它比平时更重要”符合语境，故选C。7. 根据后文“For some people, self-care may be simply slowing down. It can also mean con

39、trolling parts of your life that you can control. This is important when the world around you feels out of control. （对一些人来说，自我护理可能只是慢了下来。它也可以指控制你生活中你能控制的部分。当你感到周围的世界失控时，这一点很重要）”可知，本段关于自我护理的方法是慢下来，B选项中Slow down对应后文中slowing down。故B选项“慢下来，感觉一切尽在掌握”符合语境，故选B。8. 根据小标题“Learn something new（学习新事物）”以及上文“For s

40、ome people, self-care might include doing things they have always wanted to do but never made time for.（对一些人来说，自我照顾可能包括做一些他们一直想做但从来没有时间做的事情）”可知，本段提出的建议是学习新事物，本句为本段最后一句，应举例说明可以学习哪些新事物。故G选项“这些事情包括烘焙、园艺、学习一门新语言或其他一些新技能”符合语境，故选G。9. 根据上文“However, meeting with a mental health professional may not be possi

41、ble for some people.（然而，对一些人来说，与心理健康专业人士见面可能是不可能的）”以及后文“Meditating, writing about your feelings and problems, and organizing the physical space around you are all forms of self-care.（冥想，写下你的感受和问题，整理你周围的物理空间，这些都是自我照顾的形式）”可知，上文提到与心理健康专业人士见面不可能，后文则提到了其它自我照顾的方式，可知本句与上文构成因果关系，指出医生对在大流行期间减少压力的其他方法有建议。故D选项

42、“因此，医生对在大流行期间减少压力的其他方法有建议”符合语境，故选D。10. 根据上文“It can help to have a routine a usual way of doing things. But experts say keep the routine simple.（养成一种例行公事的习惯是有帮助的。但专家表示，保持简单的作息习惯）”可知，上文提到专家建议保持简单的作息习惯，F选项中routine对应上文中routine。故F选项“同样重要的是，如果你不坚持你的日常生活，不要对自己太苛刻”符合语境，故选F。3It is quite natural that we all h

43、ave our down time to readjust but it is fairly important that consistency should be a regular practice in our world. It feels good to set a goal, work through it and see the amazing outcome. 11. .Create a plan. Whatever your goal is, a plan is important. Create yearly, monthly, weekly and daily task

44、s to help you stay focused on your specific goal.Schedule.12. . Yes, things will come up, but we all have the same 24 hours in a day. You have to schedule your consistency tasks just like you schedule anything else, even if you start off at 30 minutes a day and add from there.13. . Your future is yo

45、ur priority （优先的事物）.Stick to it.Dont quit. 14. . Now that you have come so far, it doesnt make sense to give up on yourself. There is a dream planted inside of you. It is time to do the work and watch it grow. 15 .Look back to see how far youve come. Look over your goals and accomplishments daily, w

46、eekly and monthly to see how much you have completed. Get your crew and celebrate.A. Measure your outcomeB. Do things that appeal to youC. You can put things in order of importanceD. Sometimes we need to have a break to reflectE.Here are some useful tips to help you stay consistencyF.It is actually

47、inspiring to have something that is pushing youG.As is often the case, our biggest excuse is that we dont have time【答案】11. E 12. G 13. C 14. D 15. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了持之以恒的四个方法。11. 由本段第一句“It is quite natural that we all have our down time to readjust but it is fairly important that consistency should

48、be a regular practice in our world. （很自然，我们都有休息的时间去调整，但在我们的世界里，持之以恒应该成为一种常规做法，这一点相当重要）”和下文小标题“Create a plan. （制定一个计划）”“Schedule. （日程）”“Stick to it. （坚持下去）”可知，文章主要介绍持之以恒的几个方法，承接上下文，E选项“以下是一些有用的建议，帮助你保持持之以恒”切题。故选E项。12. 由小标题“Schedule. （日程）”和本段第二句“You have to schedule your consistency tasks just like you schedule anything else, even if you start off at 30 minutes a day and add from there. （你必须像安排其他事情一样安排你持之以恒的任务，即使你每天从30分钟开始并从那里添加）”可知，本段讲合理利用时间、制作