重庆市2022届高三英语上学期第四次月考试题.docx

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1、重庆市2022届高三英语上学期第四次月考试题（满分：150分；考试时间：120 分钟）注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、考场/座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 答选择题时，必须使用2B 铅笔填涂；答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写；必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写无效；保持答卷清洁、完整。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回（试题卷自行保管，以备评讲）。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B 、C 和D 四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AFor peopl

2、e who struggle to read text,technology can be a lifeline. Actually,assistive technology (AT)toolsforreadingcanalsobeuseful tostudentswho just needsomeextraassistancetoaidreading fluencyor comprehension. These toolsare inexpensive and easytofind.Theyopenupthewonderful world of reading,making text acc

3、essible to students of all abilities.Butwithsomanytools outthere, itsnotalways easy to know which ones to use.Tohelp,heres a guide to some best ones.GraphicorganizersTheyare visual representations,like diagrams and mind maps,of ideas and concepts. You can use graphicorganizerstohelpwithcomprehension

4、whilereading.Graphicorganizerscanbe digital or pen andpaper.AnnotationaidsThey let you takenotesandwritecommentswhile reading.This canmakeiteasiertokeepinformation. Annotation aids can be part of software or apps, ortheycanbetraditionalpens, markers, andstickynotes.DisplaycontrolItallowsyoutocontrol

5、howtext is displayed. When reading on a screen, you can change the font (字体),fontsize,andspacingoftext. Youcanalsocover partsof thescreen to lessendistractions while reading.Text-to-speech(TTS)It letsyousee text andhear itread aloud atthe same time.To use this tool,you click on words,andyoull hear t

6、hewordsreadbycomputer-generatedvoices.You can even read after it and record yourownvoice.TTScanalso be used to change any digital text files into audio files.Opticalcharacterrecognition(OCR)Itcanreadaloudtextfromimages and pictures. You can use OCR by taking photos ofworksheets,paperdocuments,andeve

7、nobjectslikestreetsigns. Like TTS,OCR uses computer-generated voices.Keep inmind that usingATreading toolswont prevent peoplefrom learningto read.For example,expertssay audiobooks can actually help kids become better readers.21 If a reader prefers taking his feelings down while reading,hed better us

8、e _.A.graphicorganizers B. annotation aidsC.displaycontrol D. text-to-speech22What feature makes OCR unique?A.Changingfiletypes. B. Editing photos of documents.C.Readingwordsinpictures. D. Using computer-generated voices.23 According to the author,AT reading tools are _.A. accessibleandbeneficialB.e

9、xpensivebutworthwhileC.helpfulandenergy-efficient D. innovative but complicatedBLouiseMallardhasheart trouble,so she must be informed carefully about her husbands death.Louises husbandsfriend,Richards,learned about a railroad disasterwhen he wasin the newspaperofficeandsawLouiseshusband,Brently,on t

10、he listofthose killed.Louise begins sobbingwhen Josephine,her sister,tells her of Brentlys death and goes upstairs to be alone in her room.Louise sitsdownandlooksoutofanopen window.Sheseestrees,smellsapproachingrain,andhearsapeddleryellingout what hesselling. Shehears someone singingas wellas the so

11、unds ofsparrows,and there are white clouds in the sky. She is young,with lines aroundhereyes.Stillcrying, she gazes into the distance. She feels sad and tries to hold down the building emotionswithinher, but cant. Shebeginsrepeatingtheword“Free”toherself over andover again.Her heartbeats quickly, an

12、dshefeels very warm.Louiseknowsshell cryagainwhensheseesBrentlysbody.His hands weretender,andhealways looked at her lovingly. Butthensheimaginestheyearsahead,whichbelongonlytohernow,and spreads her arms outjoyfully with anticipation. She will be free,on her own without anyone tooppressher. She think

13、s that all women and men oppress one another even if they do it out of kindness. Louiseknows that sheoften felt love forBrently buttells herselfthat none ofthatmatters any more. Shefeelsthrilled with her newfound sense of independence.Josephine comes to her door,begging Louisetocomeout,warninghertha

14、tshellgetsickifshedoesnt. Louise tellsher togoaway. She imaginesall thedays andyears aheadandhopes that shelives a long life. Then she opens the door,and she and Josephine start walking down the stairs, where Richardsiswaiting.The frontdoorunexpectedlyopens, andBrentlycomesin.Hehadntbeeninthetrainac

15、cidentor evenawarethatonehadhappened. Josephinescreams,andRichards triesunsuccessfully toblockLouise from seeing him. Doctors arrive and announcethatLouisediedofaheartattackbroughtonby happiness.24How did Louise learn about Brentlys death?A. She sawitinthenews.B.Richardsinformedher.C. She found out

16、through Josephine. D. The railroad company notified her.25 Which words can describe Louise after she heard the news?A.Excitedandhappy. B. Sad but relieved.C.Desperateandlonely. D. Joyful but terrified.26What does the underlined word “oppress” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Fight. B. Suspect. C.Control. D.Fo

17、ol.27What can we learn from the passage?A.Brently played a trick on Louise on purpose.B.ThetrainaccidentcausedLouisesheartattack.C.JosephinesscreamresultedinLouises sudden death.D.Brentlys survival was the last thing Louise had expected.CWhetherhuntingorcompetingfor limited spaceand resources,humans

18、 aretheplanets superpredator (捕食者). As thehumanpopulation expands,its gettingharderforother creatures tofindsomewhere tohideduring theday. Nownewfindings indicate animals around the world have comeup with another strategy: Theyarebecomingnocturnal(夜间活动的).Inapaperpublished inScience,researchers analy

19、zed 76 previous scientific studies about humanimpact on animal activity. Theycomparedanimalsactivityduringthedayandnightinareasofhighhumandisturbance (fromhunting orfarming to hiking and other outdoorrecreation)and low humandisturbance (relatively natural conditions). The analysisshowed animals are

20、becoming an average of 1.36times more nocturnal due to high human disturbance.For example,inPoland wildboarsgofrom 48% nocturnalinnaturalforeststo90% nocturnalinurban areas. Evenactivitiespeopleconsiderrelativelyinnocuous, suchashikingandwildlifeviewing, stronglyaffectedanimalsdailyrhythms.“We think

21、 that were leavingno traceoftenwhenwereoutdoors,but wecanbehavinglastingconsequencesonanimalbehavior,”says Kaitlyn Gaynor,lead researcherforthestudy.This isnot the first timeanimalshavehad to liveat night;duringthetimeofdinosaurs,theywerealsonocturnal. “Dinosaurswere this ubiquitous(无处不在的),scary for

22、ce,and only aftertheirextinction did mammals (哺乳动物)emerge into the daylight,” Gaynor says. “And now humanshave taken over and are pushing other animals backintothenight.”Scientistssuspect becomingnocturnalmayhurtthose species highly adaptedtothe sun.Theymight not beable to livewell at night,whichwou

23、ldultimatelyhurttheir chances of survivalandreproduction. Perhapsevenmorealarmingeffects couldbe inthe wider ecosystem.InCaliforniasSantaCruzMountains,coyoteshavebeenmorenocturnalinresponse tohikers andhave startedtoalter their diets fromdaytimeprey,suchassquirrelsandbirds,tonocturnalprey,such as ra

24、ts andrabbits.Exactlyhowecological communitieswill change,andwhether itwillbe for better or worse,requires further study. Somenighttime shifts maybenefitboth animals andhumans,Gaynornotes.Forinstance,tigersinNepalareavoidingpotentiallydeadlyconflictswithpeopleas theybecome morenocturnal.Studies like

25、 thisonewill eventuallyhelpconservationmanagersmakebetter decisionsabouthow toprotect ecosystems. “Wellneedtounderstandlocaldynamics toreallyunderstandhowweshouldbechangingmanagement ofwildlifepopulations or humanactivities,”Gaynor notes,“Onepotential approachmight be tomanage the timingofhuman acti

26、vities sothatwe leave some ofthedaylightforotheranimals.”28How do animals respond to increasing human disturbance?A.Bylimitingfoodintake. B. By leaving their habitat.C.Bycontrollingpopulation. D. By adjusting daily routine.29What does the underlined word “innocuous” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. H

27、armless.B.Recreational.C.Organized.D.Irregular.30Why does the author mention dinosaurs?A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofdaylight.B.Toindicatethedisturbanceofhumans.C. To illustratemammalsadaptability.D.Todemonstratedinosaurspower.31What can we learn about animals becoming nocturnal?A. It has led to a new

28、ecologicalbalance.B.Itdemandsmoreconservationareas.C.Itmayencouragebio-diversity.D.It might be double-edged.DChinashistoric23-dayChange-5missionhasnot only obtained precious rocks and soil samples from themoon,but hasalsobroughtback a groupof seeds thattraveledthe furthestinthe nationsagricultural a

29、nd forestryhistories.Morethan 30 kinds ofseeds,including rice,oatsetc.,were placed insidethemulti-moduleChange-5 spacecraft and orbited around the moon for about 15 days.Scientists wished to check what would happen to theseedsafterbeingexposedtoextraterrestrial (地球外的)forces inlunar orbitand also hop

30、ed thatthey could develop beneficialmutations(突变).Thismissionofferedgoodopportunities to scientists,which enabled themto deepen their studies on theeffectofcosmic rays on the growth and evolution of life on Earth.Space-basedmutation breeding refersto the process of exposing seedsto forcessuch asmicr

31、ogravity,vacuums and cosmicradiationduringaspaceflightandthensendingthembacktoEarth for further observationandplanting. Researchersobserve and examine several generations of plantsgrown from space-bred seeds and investigatetheir mutationssomearepositiveanddesirable whileothersarenegative. Thosewith

32、positive mutations will be kept and analyzed,and will be introduced tofarmers after their certification and approval.Spacebreedingcangeneratemutationsfaster and more conveniently than ground-based experimentsandcanbring about some desirable traits that are otherwise hard to introduce.Comparedwithnat

33、ural orconventionallybredtypes of plants,space-developedversions withpositivemutationsusuallyfeaturehighernutritionalcontent,greater annualyields,shorter growth periodsandbetterresistanceto diseases and insect pests.China conducted its first spacebreedingexperimentin1987,usingasatellitetocarryseedsi

34、ntospace. Sincethen,hundredsofkindsofseedsandseedlingshave traveledwithdozensof Chinesespaceships. Spacebreedinghashelped toproducemore than200new typesofmutatedplantsinChina that havebeenapprovedforlarge-scalecultivation, rangingfromgrainstovegetablesandfruits. TheChange-5 roboticmission returned1,

35、731grams oflunarrockand soiltoEarth,markingahistoricaccomplishment44years after the last lunar substances were taken back.32Why were the seeds placed inside Change-5?A. To pick out the fittestformutations.B.Tounderstandextraterrestrialforces.C. Tostudytheintensityofcosmicrays.D.Toexposethemtoaspecia

36、lenvironment.33What do we know about space-based mutation breeding?A. It isnotatime-consumingprocess.B.Mutationsdevelopinarandomway.C.Itoftenbringsaboutdesirableeffects. D. Approval will be granted to mutated plants.34 What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.It is a custom to put seedlings on a

37、spacecraft.B.Chinawasthe first to do the space breeding experiment.C.Itissometime since seeds were last taken into space.D.Spacebreedinghasbroughtus commercial benefits.35What is the best title of the passage?A.Space-bredSeedsOfferGreatChances B. Change-5 Returns with a Big PackageC. Plant Mutations

38、 ResultinaBetterLifeD.SeedsFromSpaceMarkaNewHistory第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatAretheRootsofYourSelf-Esteem?Self-esteem isapersonssubjectiveassessmentofhis orherworthtohimselforherself.Self-esteemcovers various beliefs about oneself (such as “Im a failure” a

39、nd “Im beautiful”)aswell asphysiological states,including sadness,joy,and shame.The more we believe thatwe are worthy ofhappinessandgood things in life,the more self-fulfilledwe willbe.Whenwe dontbelieve thatwe areworthyofthesethings, our ability to enjoy them can suffer. 36 Healthy self-esteem as a

40、n adult can be a gift given in your childhood.Itis a blessing thatmostpeople overlook.Therearesomanywaysadultswithhighself-esteemweresupportedaschildrenthat resultedinthem having high self-esteem. For instance,they were praised for what they had achieved.37They likelyexperiencedaffectionandweregiven

41、enoughattention.Itis also possible thattheyexcelledin studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers.38As children,manyof these people were criticized,yelled at,or abused in one wayoranother. There isalsoahighchance that theyweregivennoattentionby theadultswhoweresupposed to care for them. In

42、 some cases,adults with poor self-esteem were often laughed at fortheir shortcomingsorbulliedbypeers.It is common that these adults alsobelievethatinordertobeappreciatedtheyneedtobeperfect. 39There are people who are obsessedwiththeircareers or hobbies becausein theirmindthey need to tie their worth

43、iness to something concrete. Oftentimes thesepeoplehavetopretendtobe somethingtheyare not just to get approval.How you feel about yourself impacts how you live your life. People with high self-esteem tend to havebetter relationships thanthosewithlow self-esteem. 40 So if you struggle to reach outfor

44、 assistance, it could be rooted in your low self-esteem.A.Thereis also a good chance that they were spoken to respectfully.B. When we start to doubt whats important in life, we tend to do less of it.C. Since self-esteem is connected to how we perform,it is important to work on it.D.People with poor

45、self-esteem,on the other hand,often experienced the opposite.E.Thiscreates an image in their mind that without accomplishment they are worthless.F. They face failure too,but they understand that failure or success doesnt define them.G. Highself-esteemenablesyoutoask for helpand support fromthepeople

46、aroundyouwhen you need it.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）I am currently cycling trails around Australia,and am about to cycle the Nullarbor to raisefunds forMS(多发性硬化症). IhaveMSmyselfand the journey41 takes timeandenergy,butcycling is a(n)42 for me.However,while travelling,Iwas 43 to find t

47、hatI had mybike stolen by a not-so-kindperson.The human kindness I have been shown since this happened has been 44 short ofamazing.Awarm-heartedladydonatedmea mountain bike in case I had to 45 my scheduledplan. Due to MS,I am very short,whichmakesitalmost46tofindabikeinmysize.Evenso, my hometown 47 me up,managing to help buy anextrasmallsizedbike,whichIeventuallyfoundwasjustmy 48 .So far,peoplehave49 toput meup,selflesslyprovidedmewithdaily50 forriding longdistancesandput moneyinto myhandstol