山东省潍坊市2022届高三下学期3月一模考试英语试卷.docx

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1、潍坊市高考模拟考试英语www.zzstep*&.com注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。来源:zzs&tep.c%o#m2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）来源:中国教*&育%#出版网第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThese are the l

2、ife-changing apps that will help you build better habits in 2022.StreaksStreaks lets you create up to 24 different tasks that you can complete each day. Complete a task, mark it on the app, and youll start building your progress. Streaks also has other features available, like reminders and statisti

3、cs.to help you keep your habits on track. It collects no fees.StridesStrides makes your goals easy and attainable. Youll be able to track your progress and see how far along you are with progress reports and charts thatll show you your advancement and your success rate on any given goal. You can cre

4、ate unlimited reminders and build up your routine from the ground up. The app asks you to join their monthly subscription.ATracker来源#:中教&网%With ATracker, time all your activities and stop wasting time on unimportant tasks. You can create and define your daily and weekly goals to avoid losing track o

5、f your good and bad habits. Having tracked, you can see what youve done in a beautiful chart. You can also see a goal report to make sure youre staying on track with your new years resolutions. The app is $4.99, but its only a one-time payment.来源:zzs%tep.c*&omCoach.meCoach.me is mostly free. Youll g

6、et to track your progress and get bonus points for achieving your goals. Whats cool about Coach.me is that you can join a community of people like you where they are willing to help out each other. You can even take it one step further by hiring a coach, although thats going to cost you extra.1. Whi

7、ch app is free of charge?www.zzs&*te#A. Streaks.B. Strides.C. ATracker.D. Coach.me.2. What do Strides and ATracker have in common?A. They help to time vital tasks.B. They offer a progress chart.C. They have reminding functions.D. They update information every month.3. What can you do with Coach.me?A

8、. Earn cash rewards.B. Employ a coach for free.C. Get support from other users.D. Make progress in your studies.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是四个改变生活的应用程序。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Streaks部分的“It collects no fees.(它不收取任何费用。)”可知，Streaks是免费的，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Strides部分的“Youll be able to track your progre

9、ss and see how far along you are with progress reports and charts thatll show you your advancement and your success rate on any given goal.(你可以跟踪你的进度，并通过进度报告和图表看到你的进度和你在任何给定目标上的成功率。)”和ATracker部分的“Having tracked, you can see what youve done in a beautiful chart. You can also see a goal report to make

10、 sure youre staying on track with your new years resolutions.(跟踪之后，你可以在一个漂亮的图表中看到你做了什么。你还可以看到一份目标报告，以确保你的新年计划按计划进行。)”可知，Strides和ATracker这两款应用程序的共同点在于它们都提供了一个进度表。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Coach.me部分的“Whats cool about Coach.me is that you can join a community of people like you where they are willing to help

11、out each other.(Coach.me最酷的地方是你可以加入一个像你一样愿意互相帮助彼此的一群人。)”可知，你可以在Coach.me上获得其他用户的支持。故选C。Bwww%#.*Thirty-five years ago, with just one acre of land, a couple of seeds and a bucket of hope, one Nigerian-born scientist began his mission to defeat famine (饥荒) on his continent.News of the drought across Afr

12、ica in the early 1980s troubled Nzamujo. Equipped with a microbiology PhD and his faith, he travelled back to Africa. There, he found a continent ecologically rich, diverse and capable of producing food. He believes drought wasnt the only reason for widespread hunger, and that sustainability had bee

13、n left out.Nzamujo began designing a “zero waste” agriculture system that would not only increase food security, but also help the environment and create jobs. In 1985, he started his sustainable farm “Songhai” in the West African country of Benin.Nzamajo lives on the farm and constantly updates his

14、 techniques. He credits his degrees in science and engineering for Songhais success. But he also thanks his spiritual and cultural roots, and his father a driving force in his life who encouraged him to pursue his studies to the highest degree and to use Songhai to share his knowledge.Songhai has se

15、veral “eco-literacy” development programs. They range from 18-month training courses for farmer-enterprisers, to shorter stays to learn techniques like weeding. People come from all over the world to study Nzamujos methods.来源:zzstep.c%&#omAfter seeing success on his first zero waste farm, he expande

16、d throughout Benin and western Africa. Today, the Songhai model is applied across the continent, including Nigena. Uganda, Sierra Leone and Liberia, Nzamujo says theyve trained more than 7.000 farmer-enterprisers and more than 30, 000 people in total since it began.Nzamujo believes zero waste agricu

17、lture is now steadily tackling the issues he set out to defeat, hunger, unemployment and environmental declines. And he wants to see it go further.4. Which factor related to famine was unnoticed in Nzamujos eyes?A. Poor soil.B. Water shortage.来源#:%中国教&育出版网C. Lack of resources.D. Unsustainability.5.

18、What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?A. Introduce a solution.B. Give examples to the readers.C. Add some background information.D. Summarize the previous paragraphs.6. How does Songhai help to ease the problem of famine?A. By offering land.B. By trading seeds.C. By educating farmers.D. B

19、y selling technology.ww#w.zz*ste&7. Which of the following best describes Nzamujo?A. Critical and careful.B. Learned and responsible.C. Optimistic and generous.D. Considerate and ambitious.【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了学识渊博且有责任心的Nzamujo博士回到非洲，设计“零浪费”农业系统，创立“松海”农场，帮助那里的人们缓解饥荒问题。【4题详解】细

20、节理解题。根据第二段中“There, he found a continent ecologically rich, diverse and capable of producing food. He believes drought wasnt the only reason for widespread hunger, and that sustainability had been left out.(在那里，他发现了一个生态丰富多样，能够生产食物的大陆。他认为干旱并不是大范围饥饿的唯一原因，可持续性被人们忽略了)”可知，在Nzamujo看来，可持续性是被人们忽略了的造成饥荒的一个原因，

21、换句话说，人们没有注意到农业的不可持续性问题。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Nzamujo began designing a zero waste agriculture system that would not only increase food security, but also help the environment and create jobs. In 1985, he started his sustainable farm Songhai in the West African country of Benin.(Nzamujo开始设计一个“零浪费”农

22、业系统，这不仅将提高粮食安全，而且有助于环境和创造就业机会。1985年，他在西非国家贝宁开办了他的可持续农场“松海”)”可推知，第三段介绍Nzamujo的解决方案，“零浪费”农业系统。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Songhai has several eco-literacy development programs. They range from 18-month training courses for farmer-enterprisers, to shorter stays to learn techniques like weeding. People come

23、 from all over the world to study Nzamujos methods.(松海有几个“生态素养”发展项目。他们为农民企业家提供为期18个月的培训课程，和在短期内学习除草等技术。人们从世界各地赶来学习Nzamujo的方法)”可知，Songhai项目通过培训农民来帮助缓解饥荒问题。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“News of the drought across Africa in the early 1980s troubled Nzamujo. Equipped with a microbiology PhD and his faith, he

24、travelled back to Africa.(20世纪80年代早期，非洲各地发生干旱的消息令Nzamujo感到不安。带着微生物学博士学位和他的信仰，他回到了非洲)”可知，获得微生物学博士学位的Nzamujo得知非洲人民遭受饥荒时，带着自己的知识和信仰回到非洲，去帮助那里的人们。由此推知，Nzamujo不但学识渊博而且有责任心。故选B项。CBeing taken off the endangered species list doesnt guarantee a carefree future for whales. Recent research estimates that the p

25、opulation of Pacific gray whales off North Americas West Coast has dwindled by almost a quarter since 2016. Starting in 2019, alarming numbers of dead gray whales were spotted on beaches and floating offshore throughout their habitat, from Mexico to Alaska. The National Marine Fisheries Service defi

26、ned it as an “Unusual Mortality Event”. UMEs are declared when a “significant die-off” occurs and when information is collected to clarify why it occurs.The Arctic has historically low levels of sea ice in recent years, upending the delicate ecosystem that sustains gray whales. Like other migrators,

27、 they dont feed on their winter breeding (繁殖) grounds or along their migration, and must gain weight during the summer to sustain themselves through the rest of the year. Observers using air photography noted the whales looked skinnier and arrived in Mexico in poor condition, which suggested they we

28、re not finding enough food during the summer.This die-off is alarmingly similar to the events of 20 years ago, when another UME resulted in a significant drop in the gray whale population. Although the cause was ultimately undetermined, its thought that the population reached “carrying capacity”it g

29、rew too large for the environment to support it. Although that idea has been suggested for this die-off as well, its more likely blamed on the changing conditions of the Arctic.Gray whales, hunted almost to extinction by the mid-20th century, were one of the first to be protected from hunting. The E

30、astern North Pacific population rebounded without pressure from whaling and was taken off the Endangered Species List; the Western North Pacific population is still listed as endangered. This die-off is a reminder that “delisting” doesnt indicate a populations secure future. New threats arise, clima

31、te change upends habitats, and continued monitoring is needed in case a crash comes.8. What does the underlined word “dwindled” in paragraph 1 mean?A. Increased.B. Bounced.C. Multiplied.D. Dropped.9. What will gray whales usually do in winter?中国教*育&%出版网A. Consume few calories.B. Travel south to bree

32、d.C. March back to Alaska.D. Seek food in the Arctic.10. What might be the main cause of the current UME?来源:中国#教育%出版网A. Serious illnesses.B. Sea pollution.C. Environmental changes.D. Limited carrying capacity.中国教育出版&网*%11. Whats the authors attitude to the “delisting”?A. Favorable.B. Concerned.C. In

33、tolerant.D. Regretful.【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是被从濒危物种名单上除名并不能保证鲸鱼的未来无忧无虑。最近的研究估计，自2016年以来，北美西海岸太平洋灰鲸的数量减少了近四分之一。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“Starting in 2019, alarming numbers of dead gray whales were spotted on beaches and floating offshore throughout their habitat, from Mexico to Alaska.

34、(从2019年开始，从墨西哥到阿拉斯加，人们在海滩上和海上发现了数量惊人的死灰鲸。)”可知，划线词所说的是“自2016年以来，北美西海岸太平洋灰鲸的数量减少了近四分之一”，因此划线词的意思是“减少”，即Dropped，故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Like other migrators, they dont feed on their winter breeding (繁殖) grounds or along their migration, and must gain weight during the summer to sustain themselves throug

35、h the rest of the year.(和其他迁徙者一样，它们不在冬季繁殖地或迁徙路线中进食，必须在夏季增加体重，以维持一年余下的时间。)”及“Observers using air photography noted the whales looked skinnier and arrived in Mexico in poor condition(使用空中摄影的观察人员注意到，这些鲸鱼看起来更瘦了，抵达墨西哥时身体状况很差)”可推断出，灰鲸在冬天通常会南下到墨西哥繁殖，即Travel south to breed，故选B。来源%:中教&*网【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“A

36、lthough that idea has been suggested for this die-off as well, its more likely blamed on the changing conditions of the Arctic.(虽然这种观点也被认为是导致这种灭绝的原因，但它更有可能被归咎于北极环境的变化。)”可知，当前UME的主要原因是环境的变化。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“This die-off is a reminder that “delisting” doesnt indicate a populations secure futur

37、e.(这次灭绝提醒人们，“除名”并不意味着一个种群的未来就安全了。)”可知，作者对“除名”的态度是担忧的，即Concerned，故选B。DGov. Kathy Hochuls proposal to allow restaurants to sell drinks to go with reasonable limitations was met with great enthusiasm all across New York. But New Yorks liquor (酒) stores have already begun a campaign of misinformation in

38、 an effort to block this.Their basic argument is that the governors proposal will result in an increase in underage sales, drunken driving, or any other public health problems. However, they throw these statements around without offering any support for their claimsbecause there is none.While the li

39、quor stores frequently claim that the laws have been unchanged since the abolishment (废除) of Prohibition in 1934, in just the past 20 years the rules governing liquor stores have been changed, permitting the use of online third-party delivery services and allowing stores to open on Sundays. Restaura

40、nt advocates didnt oppose these expanded privileges because they didnt have a significant impact on restaurant sales.What hasnt changed of the law since Prohibition is the restriction on new liquor store licenses that give liquor stores a geographic territorial monopoly (垄断) to protect them from com

41、petition. Under typical circumstances the State Liquor Authority will only issue a new liquor store license if the nearby stores report steadily increasing sales. However anti-competitive and outdated this restriction may be, it does serve as a protection against their concernsin the very unlikely e

42、vent they come to pass.Economically, the pandemic has been a major help to the liquor store business. Before the pandemic, liquor stores sold 76% of all liquor in New York State and now they sell nearly 85%. And remember, during this period, restaurants were allowed drinks-to-go sales, showing their

43、 false claims of economic collapse are not grounded in reality or experience. The sales shift from restaurants to liquor stores over the past two years demonstrates clearly that restaurants have lost sales to liquor storeswe just want to stop the bleeding. While the restaurant industry rebounded for

44、 a part of 2021, employment still remains more than 20% below pre-pandemic levels.12. Why did liquor stores oppose the proposal according to the author?A. Threat to public health.B. Boost of underage sales.C. Concerns about their sales.D. Limitations to drinks to go.ww#w.zzst&ep.c*om13. What can be

45、inferred from the fourth paragraph?来源:zzs&tep.c%o#mA. Liquor stores are in a dog-eat-dog world.B. Prohibition makes liquor stores dead in the water.来源:*中&%教网C. The number of liquor stores is under control.D. What liquor stores worry about is reasonable.14. What does the underlined word “their” in th

46、e last paragraph refer to?A. Restaurants.B. Governors.C. New Yorkers.D. Liquor stores.15. What is the best title for the text?来源:中国教育出&版#网A. Let restaurants sell drinks to go.B. Defend liquor stores privileges.C. Liquor industry is losing money.D. Restaurants are racing with liquor stores.【答案】12. C

47、13. C 14. D 15. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是纽约州州长凯西胡赫尔(Kathy Hochul)提议允许餐馆在合理限制的情况下出售饮料，这一提议在整个纽约都受到了热烈欢迎。但纽约的酒类商店已经开始了一场不实信息的运动，试图阻止这种情况的发生。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Gov. Kathy Hochuls proposal to allow restaurants to sell drinks to go with reasonable limitations was met with great enthusiasm all across(州长凯西

48、胡赫尔提议允许餐馆在合理限制的情况下出售饮料，这一提议受到了全国各地的热烈欢迎)”和第二段的“Their basic argument is that the governors proposal will result in an increase in underage sales, drunken driving, or any other public health problems. However, they throw these statements around without offering any support for their claimsbecause there is none.(他们的基本论点是，州长的提案将导致未成年人销售、酒后驾驶或任何其他公共健康问题的增加。然而，他们抛出这些言论，却没有提供任何支持他们主张的证据因为根本没有证据。)”可知，酒类商店反对这个提案不是因为对公众健康的威胁，会促进未成年人的销售或外带饮料的限制，根据常理