全国1卷2023年高三英语模拟预测卷五.docx

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1、（全国1卷）2023年高三英语模拟预测卷（五）本试卷6页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等 相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。.3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域 内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅 笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,

2、满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂。AChristmas is coming early this year for “Downton Abbey”唐顿庄园fans. Highclere Castle, where the beloved British show was filmed, will be available for one night only on Airbnb.The stay will offer two lucky guests a glimpse at wh

3、at life as a Crawley may have been like. The once-in-a-lifetime stay will take place on November 26, 2019, according to the listing.Highclere Castle belongs to the Earl and Countess of Carnarvon, who still live on the grounds and will host the guests. The Earl is Queen Elizabeth IIs godson.Reservati

4、ons for Highclere Castle will become available on October 1 at 7 p.m. ET, and its first come, first serve.The stay at Highclere Castle will cost $159.In a one-night-only listing, Earl and Lady Carnarvon are inviting one lucky couple to “live like royalty” at their 100,000-square-foot, 300-room estat

5、e in Hampshire, England. The chosen pair will be invited to share dinner with the Earl and Countess in the state dining room, followed by coffee in the library. They will then retire to one of the gallery bedrooms with views overlooking 1,000 acres of parkland. Before they leave the following day, t

6、he guests can also expect breakfast and a private tour of the grounds that will highlight rooms “Downton Abbey” fans know well, including the drawing room and gallery bedrooms.Guests will be waited on by the castles butler service(管家服务) during dinner and theres strictly one butler allowed per guest,

7、 according to house rules.Other stipulations for guests include that all newspapers must be ironed, they must wear cocktail attire to dinner, they can only gossip in the downstairs quarters, and there are no pets allowed. But have no fear, there are nine dogs on site who cant wait to make your acqua

8、intance.This isnt the first time the Earl and Countess have opened their doors to the public.Visitors can take tours of the castle between 9:30 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. daily from July to September. The castle is also open on various days throughout the year. The couple even hosted the first public Christ

9、mas ball at Highclere Castle last year. Theyll be hosting another holiday ball this year, though the specific date hasnt been announced yet.“Its an absolute privilege and pleasure to call Highclere Castle my home and I am delighted to be able to share it on Airbnb for a truly unique stay,” Lady Carn

10、arvon wrote on Airbnb.“Highclere Castle has been in the Carnarvon family since 1679 and has an incredibly rich history,” the Countess added. “I am passionate about the stories and heritage of Highclere Castle, and I am looking forward to welcoming our future guests.”The event builds on the excitemen

11、t for the “Downton Abbey” film.The film follows the Crawley family as they prepare for a visit from King George V and Queen Mary in 1927. It premieres in theaters on Friday in the US.1From the passage, we can learn that _.Athe guests will stay at Highclere Castle on Christmas EveBDownton Abbey was f

12、ilmed at Highclere CastleCHighclere Castle will offer the guests only B&BDall the visitors will be invited to have caffee2The stay will _.Abe reserved on October 1 at 7 p.m. ETBprovide the guests with dinner and coffee in the libraryCallow guests to take 9 dogs at mostDwitness a Christmas ball on No

13、vember 26, 20193The passage is probably a(n) _.Afilm reviewBfamily introductionCtravel advertisementDcastle storyBWeve known for years that plants can see, hear, smell and communicate with chemicals. Now, reported New Scientist, they have been recorded making sounds when stressed.In a yet-to-be-publ

14、ished study, Itzhak Khait and his team at Tel Aviv University, in Israel, found that tomato and tobacco plants can make ultrasonic(超声的)noises. The plants “cry out” due to lack of water, or when their stems(茎)are cut. Its just too high-pitched(音调高的)for humans to hear.Microphones placed 10 centimeters

15、 away from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz(千赫兹). Human hearing usually ranges from 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz. “These findings can alter the way we think about the plant kingdom,” they wrote.On average, “thirsty” tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while to

16、bacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.Perhaps most interestingly, different types of stress led to different sounds. The researcher

17、s trained a machine-learning model to separate the plants sounds from those of the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse. In most cases, it correctly identified whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on a sounds intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tobacco appears to make

18、louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example. Although Khait and his colleagues only looked at tomato and tobacco plants, they think other plants also make sounds when stressed.If farmers could hear these sounds, said the team, they could give water to the plants that need it most. As climate change

19、causes more droughts, they said this would be important information for farmers. “The sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture(精准农业),” said Anne Visscher at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.Khaits report also suggest that insets and mammals can hear th

20、e sounds up to 5 meters away and respond. For example, a moth(蛾子)may decide not to lay eggs on a water-stressed plant. Edward Farmer, at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland, is doubtful. He said that the idea of moths listening to plants is “a little too speculative”.If plants are screaming for

21、fear of their survival, should we be thankful we cant hear them?4What did Khait and his team find from their research?APlants made low-pitched sounds when in danger.BPlants were able to produce sounds in response to stresses.CPlants picked up a wider range of sounds when stressed.DPlants made ultras

22、onic noises to communicate with each other.5How did tomato and tobacco plants react to different stresses according to the text?AA plant reacted to different stresses with the same sound.BCut tomato plants produced more sounds per hour than water-hungry ones.CCut tobacco plants seemed to make weaker

23、 sounds than drought-stressed ones.DTobacco plants might make louder sounds than tomato plants when short of water.6Whats the main idea of Paragraph 6?AThe potential applications of the research.BChallenges facing farmers in the future.CFarmers contributions to the research.DWhat the future agricult

24、ure will be like.7The underlined word “speculative” in the second-to-last paragraph has the closest meaning to “_”.ApracticalBunsuspectedCunsupportedDcomplicatedCThe latest sports craze is not even a sport. According to a recent article, “e-sports” are attracting a large number of audience.In e-spor

25、ts, players and teams compete in popular video computer games such as Dota 2 and Ovenvatch. Fans fill arenas to watch the action live on huge television screens.The games have gone way past kids playing against each other while sitting on a sofa at home. The International, a major competition for pl

26、ayers of Dota 2, awarded $24 million in prizes, with the winner taking home almost $11 million. A recent e-sports competition attracted more than 80,000 fans to the Olympic Stadium in Beijing, China.I have to admit that I am not a big fan of computer games. I know that some games can be educational,

27、 but I think too many kids spend too much time sitting in front of a screen shooting space aliens. I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.And please dont tell me that competitive gaming is real sport because it requir

28、es hand-eye coordination. According to my American Heritage Dictionary, a sport is “an activity involving physical exertion and skill.” I dont think anyone works up much of a sweat playing video games.Too often, regular sports send kids a kind of message. Competition starts early, when lots of kids

29、are not ready for the ups and downs of games. Tryouts and travel teams come next, giving too many kids the message they are “not good” at sports. So lots of kids quit sports and start playing more video games.Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more abou

30、t the advantages of real sports.8What are “e-sports” according to the text?ASports events on television screens.BVideo computer game competitions.CThe latest sports in the Olympic Games.DEasy sports games for kids.9What might the author think of “e-sports”?AThey are not instructive.BThey should be b

31、anned in school.CThey need too much time and money.DThey have some negative influence on children.10What does the underlined word “exertion” in Paragraph 5 mean?AGrowth.BFitness.CEffort.DEnergy.11What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo introduce a new kind of sport.BTo introduce a compet

32、ition held in Beijing.CTo explain the importance of playing sports.DTo call on people to pay more attention to traditional sports.DLanguage is perhaps the most distinctive of human characteristics, but its evolution remains a mystery. Our communication is enhanced by turn taking (轮流说话) or the orderl

33、y exchange of communicative signals which has been found to be largely universal across cultures. But this turn-taking behavior is actually widespread across the animal kingdom, according to a large-scale review of studies published in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: B

34、iological Sciences.In the study, the researchers stressed that one of the marks of turn-taking across all species is fine timing. For example, in some species of songbird, the gap between the calls of two different birds is often less than 50 milliseconds. On the other hand, communication in some sp

35、ecies is much slower. As for sperm whales, the gap between each vocal exchange is around two seconds. In humans, there is usually a gap of roughly 200 milliseconds between turns in a conversation.While many studies have focused on turn-taking behavior in animals, we still know very little about it,

36、partly because the reports are so varied that large-scale cross-species comparison is all but impossible, according to the researchers. “Overall, direct comparisons of turn-taking skills of non-human animals in relation to language origins are highly limited by lack of data, the application of diffe

37、rent terms, different study methods and study environments, the authors wrote in the study.” Furthermore, investigations have so far mainly been focusing on single call types or songs of species, limiting a deeper understanding of the variability of turning-taking systems found in the animal kingdom

38、.In light of this, the researchers proposed a new framework for future studies on turn-taking to make cross-species comparisons easier. “The goal of the framework is to promote large-scale cross-species comparisons”, Kobin Kendrick, from the University of Yorks Department of Language and Linguistic

39、Science, said in a statement. “Such a framework will allow researchers to trace the history of this evolution of remarkable turn-taking behavior and solve old questions about the origins of human language.”12What can we learn from the text?ATurn-taking behavior in all species is well timed.BLanguage

40、 is the least distinctive of human characteristics.CThe gap between turns in a human conversation is about two seconds.DRelatively speaking, the gap between the calls of two birds is longer.13What makes the non-human animal language studies difficult according to the text?a. Lack of data. b. Lack of

41、 money.c. Varied reports and studies. d. The application of different terms.Aa b cBb c dCa b dDa c d14We can infer from the text that .Across-species comparison is the hardest to study in the evolution of languageBturn-taking in animal communication between species is difficult to findCnon-human lan

42、guage studies should be focused on single call typesDthe turn-taking behavior of animals is similar to that of human beings15Why did the researchers put forward a new framework?ATo encourage more studies on the evolution of turn-taking behaviour.BTo build a link between animal communication and huma

43、n language.CTo make large-scale cross-species comparisons of turn-taking easier.DTo guide other researchers in how to study animal communication.第二节 (共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Traveling With a Group? Heres How to Plan and Stay FriendsFrom bachelor parties to family re

44、unions, group trips are opportunities to explore the world with the people you love. They also have the potential to be planning messes, with scheduling, decision-making and sorting-out finances coming together. 16 Weve rounded up tips, tricks and tools to help plan your group trip well.Understand y

45、our group dynamicIs it a group of friends, or is it a couple of families traveling together? Is it a multigenerational trip with a big age range? These factors all come into play with activity level, comfort zones and rooming. 17 Families might prefer the ease and facilities of a hotel or resort. Bi

46、g groups of friends might opt to search through home rental sites like VRBO and Airbnb.Shared apps are vitalOnce youve decided on the group, figure out when everyone is available. Doodle allows users to create a poll online of possible travel dates and then vote on preferred options. Tried and true

47、Google Sheets is a nice way to organize options for destinations, housing and more in a spreadsheet. 18 It will allow you to send messages both while planning and when traveling.19Tracking expenses is doable via spreadsheet, but still requires a fair amount of work to properly divvy（分摊）up shares and

48、 figure out who owes what. Splitwise is a popular app for tracking, prorating and ultimately balancing expenses. It also integrates directly with the payment app Venmo, allowing you to make payments and receive money directly.Getting group dealsInvestigating group deals may be a bit time-consuming. 20 Amtrak recently launched Share Fares, which earns you greater discounts on tickets the more people you travel with. If booked at least three days in advance, this program