2023届新教材老高考英语人教版一轮习题-选择性必修第四册unit2　iconicattractions.docx

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1、【基础达标练】基础默写.单词背诵阅读词汇词义默写1iconic adj.符号的；图标的2didgeridoo n迪吉里杜管3koala n考拉；树袋熊4joint n公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节 adj.联合的；共同的5hollow adj.中空的；空心的6horn n(乐器)号7pitch n音高8slogan n标语；口号9getaway n适合度假的地方10kayaking n划皮艇11domain n领土；领域；范围12monument n纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹13kiwi n几维(新西兰鸟)14geyser n间歇泉15bungee jumping 蹦极

2、跳16pouch n育儿袋；小袋子；荷包17licensed adj.得到正式许可的18mammal n哺乳动物写作词汇词形默写19equator n赤道20barbecue n户外烧烤；烤架21butcher n肉贩；屠夫；刽子手22premier adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的 n总理；首相23herb n药草；香草；草本24straightforward adj.坦率的；简单的25minister n部长；大臣；外交使节26frog n蛙；青蛙27arrow n箭；箭头28entitle v给命名(或题名)；使享有权利29dive vi.& n潜水；跳水；俯冲30freedom n自由

3、；不受影响的状态31sponsor vt.倡议；赞助；主办 n(法案等的)倡议者；赞助者32liberty n自由33golf n高尔夫球运动34strait n海峡35sample n样本；样品36temporary adj.暂时的；短暂的37phase n阶段；时期38trunk n树干39license vt.批准；许可 n(licence)许可证；执照40session n一场；一段时间；会议41nest n巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点42hatch vi.孵出；破壳 vt.使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋43capacity n能力；容量44fence n栅栏；围栏45prison n监狱；监禁4

4、6grand adj.大；宏大的拓展词汇词形变化47foundation n创建；基础；地基found_ vt.创立，建立；创办48political adj.政治的politics n政治49located adj.位于location n位置locate vt.把设置在；把建造在50bakery n面包(糕饼)店；面包厂bake n烤；烘烤食品 vt.烤，烘焙51vibrate vt.& vi.(使)振动vibration n振动；心灵感应52distribution n分布；分配；分发distribute vt.分配；分发53frequency n发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频

5、率frequent adj.频繁的；经常发生的54violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的violence n暴力；暴行55biology n生理；生物学biologist n生物学家.核心短语默写1in contact with 保持联系；有联系2a handful of 少数人或物；一把(的量)3on the other hand 另一方面4come across 偶然遇见5in use 使用中6be referred to as 被称作7pick up 拿起；拣起8say goodbye to 向告别.教材原句补全1To play the didgeridoo，you put your m

6、outh on one end and blow while vibrating your lips演奏迪吉里杜管时，把它的一端放在你的嘴上，一边吹一边振动你的嘴唇。2Located to the south of the equator，below many other countries on the globe，its often informally referred to as “down under”(澳大利亚)人位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式地称为“down under”。3I cant wait to see all of them!我迫不及待想见到他们！

7、4I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!我确信我用这个乐器永远不会发出乐声！5It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么出生在海外，要么他们的父母出生在海外。语言运用.单句语法填空1He picked up a handful of dirt a

8、nd threw it at them.2Best friends are the foundation(found)of my life.3He is an extremely astute political(politics)tactician.4Even at full speed the ships engines cause very little vibration(vibrate)5The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a bakery(bake)6With the Spring Festival comin

9、g to an end，I cant wait to see(see)my teachers and classmates at school.7To save(save)the drowning child，the man plunged into the icy water without hesitation.8The Old Town of Lijiang，located (locate)in the northwest of Yunnan Province，is an ancient town.9It is said that well have to do extra work o

10、n Sunday.In that case，we cant go to the movies.10The map shows the distribution(distribute)of this species across the world.一句多译/句式升级1为了赢得比赛，所有的队员一直在刻苦训练。To win the game，all the players keep training hard.(to do不定式)All the players keep training hard in order to win the game(in order to.)All the play

11、ers keep training hard so as to win the game(so as to.)2说实话，我相信你是诚实的。To be honest，I am convinced of your honesty.(convince)To be honest，I have no doubt that you are honest.(doubt)3As is known，China is believed to be the first country to have invented paper.As is known，it is believed that China is th

12、e first country to have invented paper.(It is.that.)4Guangzhou is located in the south of China，which is considered as one of the most modern cities in our country.Located in the south of China，Guangzhou is considered as one of the most modern cities in our country.(分词短语作状语)5When he was asked his op

13、inion，he remained silent.When asked his opinion，he remained silent.(省略句)【模拟提升练】.完形填空Attitude isnt quite everything when it comes to being successful，but attitude plays a part in every stage of your life.A poor attitude gets people _1_ more than any other factor，and a good attitude gets people jobs a

14、nd helps them _2_those jobs more than any other factor.Your attitude _3_ many people，from your family to the stranger on the street corner.Your attitude is particularly important when you _4_ seemingly hopeless situations.Losing a job or a friend because of a poor attitude is _5_You can find at leas

15、t two _6_ to look at everything.A pessimist looks for difficulty in the opportunity，while an optimist looks for opportunity in the difficulty.A poet of long ago put the _7_ between optimism and pessimism this way：Two men _8_ out from prison barsone saw mud；the other saw stars.Unfortunately，many peop

16、le look only at the _9_ and not at the opportunity that lies within the problem.Many_10_ complain about the difficulty of their jobs，for example，not realizing that if the job were _11_，the employer would hire someone with less ability at a lower wage.A small coin can hide even the sun if you hold th

17、e coin close enough to your _12_So when you get too close to your problems，to _13_ objectively about them，try to _14_ how your vision can be _15_Take a step back，and look at the situation from a new angle.You cant do anything to change the fact that a problem _16_，but you can do a great deal to find

18、 the opportunity within that problem.Youre _17_ a better future by doing your best today and _18_ a plan of action for the days that lie ahead._19_，just remember to _20_ a positive mental attitude.语篇解读文章主要探讨了态度对我们生活的影响。悲观者在机遇中寻找困难，乐观者在困难中寻找机遇，许多人只关注问题本身，而忽视了问题中蕴藏的机遇。作者建议人们要从一个新的角度看问题，遇事保持积极的心态。1A.hi

19、redBfiredCemployed Dengaged解析：句意：糟糕的态度比任何其他因素更容易让人被解雇，而良好的态度比任何其他因素更容易让人得到工作并帮助他们保住工作。根据空后的“and a good attitude gets people jobs”可知，不好的态度会使人被解雇，而好的态度能使人得到工作。故选B。hire意为“雇用”；fire意为“解雇”；employ意为“雇用”；engage意为“从事”。答案：B2A.offer BsupplyCkeep Dcreate解析：根据“and a good attitude gets people jobs and helps them”

20、可知，好的态度使人得到工作，并帮助他们保住工作。故选C。offer意为“提供”；supply意为“供给”；keep意为“保持”；create意为“创造”。答案：C3A.affects BcostsCmakes Dtrains解析：根据many people，from your family to the stranger on the street corner可知，此处指你的态度会影响很多人。故选A。affect意为“影响”；cost意为“花费”；make意为“制造”；train意为“训练”。答案：A4A.lose BpredictCjudge Dface解析：根据seemingly hop

21、eless situations可知，是指当人们面对表面上看来无望的局面时，态度尤为重要。故选D。lose意为“失去”；predict意为“预测”；judge意为“判断”；face意为“面对”。答案：D5A.unfortunate BunnecessaryCinconvenient Dimpossible解析：根据常识可知，由于态度差而失去工作或朋友是令人遗憾的。故选A。unfortunate意为“令人遗憾的；不幸的”；unnecessary意为“不必要的”；inconvenient意为“不方便的”；impossible意为“不可能的”。答案：A6A.desires BwaysCspirits

22、 Dsolutions解析：句意：你可以找到至少两种方式来看待每件事。根据下文“A pessimist looks for difficulty in the opportunity，while an optimist looks for opportunity in the difficulty.”可知，此处表示“两种方式”。故选B。desire意为“欲望”；way意为“方法”；spirit意为“精神”；solution意为“解决方法”。答案：B7A.importance BnecessityCsimilarity Ddifference解析：句意：很久以前的一位诗人这样描述乐观与悲观的区别

23、：两个人从监狱的栅栏里往外看一个看到了泥巴；另一个看到了星星。根据“one saw mud；the other saw stars”可知，此处是描述乐观和悲观之间的差异。故选D。importance意为“重要性”；necessity意为“必要”；similarity意为“相似之处”；difference意为“差异；不同”。答案：D8A.looked BglaredCcelebrated Dconcluded解析：根据空后的“one saw mud；the other saw stars”可知，此处looked符合语境。glare意为“怒目而视”；celebrate意为“庆祝”；conclude

24、意为“得出结论”。答案：A9A.everything BsituationCproblem Dpossibility解析：句意：不幸的是，许多人只关注问题本身，而忽视了问题中蕴含的机遇。根据“and not at the opportunity that lies within the problem”可知，应选problem。everything意为“一切”；situation意为“情况”；problem意为“问题”；possibility意为“可能性”。答案：C10A.employers BemployeesCbosses Dsecretaries解析：句意：例如，许多雇员抱怨他们工作的困

25、难，而没有意识到如果工作很简单，雇主就会以更低的工资雇用能力较弱的人。根据句意可知，此处是指员工抱怨他们工作的困难。故选B。employer意为“雇主”；employee意为“员工”；boss意为“老板”；secretary意为“秘书”。答案：B11A.simple BtoughCdifficult Dinteresting解析：此处与前面的difficulty相对，指的是工作简单。故选A。simple意为“简单的”；tough意为“艰难的”；difficult意为“困难的”；interesting意为“有趣的”。答案：A12A.ear BnoseCeye Dmouth解析：句意：如果你把一枚

26、小硬币拿得离眼睛足够近，它甚至可以遮住太阳。根据常识可知，如果把一个硬币凑近眼睛去看，硬币可以遮住太阳。故选C。ear意为“耳朵”；nose意为“鼻子”；eye意为“眼睛”；mouth意为“嘴巴”。答案：C13A.worry BignoreCadmit Dthink解析：句意：所以当你聚力于解决问题时，客观地思考它们，努力记住你的视野是怎样被挡住的。结合上文硬币的例子可知，如果你深入问题，要客观地思考，不要让它遮住你的视野。故选D。worry意为“担心”；ignore意为“忽视”；admit意为“承认”；think意为“思考”。答案：D14A.keep in mind Bkeep in tou

27、chCget rid of Ddo away with解析：根据上文举出的例子可知，要牢记不要让眼前的问题遮挡了自己的视野。故选A。keep in mind意为“记住”；keep in touch意为“保持联系”；get rid of意为“摆脱”；do away with意为“废除”。答案：A15A.observed BblockedCimagined Ddoubted解析：根据上文“A small coin can hide even the sun”可知，你遇到的问题可能会遮挡你的视野。故选B。observe意为“观察”；block意为“遮挡”；imagine意为“想象”；doubt意为“

28、怀疑”。答案：B16A.appears BworksCexists Dcontains解析：句意：问题存在的事实无法改变，你做什么也没用，但是你可以做很多事情来找到蕴藏在问题中的机会。故选C。appear意为“出现”；work意为“工作”；exist意为“存在”；contain意为“包括”。答案：C17A.guaranteed BpersuadedCsatisfied Dconvinced解析：句意：今天做到最好并为将来的日子制订一个行动计划，你肯定会有一个更好的未来。故选A。guarantee意为“保证”；persuade意为“劝说”；satisfy意为“使满意”；convince意为“使信

29、服”。答案：A18A.struggling BdevelopingCdreaming Dbalancing解析：根据“a plan of action for the days that lie ahead”可知，此处指制订将来日子的行动计划，故选B。struggle意为“挣扎”；develop意为“制订”；dream意为“梦想”；balance意为“(使)保持平衡”。答案：B19A.In this respect BIn contrastCIn other words DIn a word解析：句意：总之，只要记住保持积极的心态。本句为总结句，是对文章的总结。故选D。in this resp

30、ect意为“在这个方面”；in contrast意为“形成对比”；in other words意为“换句话说”；in a word意为“总之”。答案：D20A.consider BamuseCoccupy Dmaintain解析：根据a positive mental attitude以及全文内容可知，作者建议要保持积极的心态，故选D。consider意为“考虑”；amuse意为“使发笑”；occupy意为“占据”；maintain意为“维持”。答案：D.语法填空(2020全国卷)In ancient China lived an artist 1._ paintings were almos

31、t lifelike.The artists reputation had made him proud.One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像)done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2._(fine)work，so that he could choose the best.The artist was sure he would 3._(choose)，but when he presented his masterpiece to the em

32、perors chief minister，the old man laughed.The wise old man told him to travel to the Li Riverperhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.Filled with 4._(curious)，the artist packed his bags and left.5._ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the

33、 legendary(传奇的)artist，they smiled and 6._(point)down the river.The next morning he hired a boat and set out 7._(find)the wellknown painter.As the small boat moved 8._ (gentle)along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.He passed milky white waterfall

34、s and mountains in many shades of blue.And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 9._(surround)the mountain tops，he was reduced to tears.The artist was finally humbled(谦卑)by the greatest artist 10._ earth，Mother Nature.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。一位艺术家因自己小有名气而洋洋自得。不料，皇帝的一位重臣却不以为然。在听从了这位睿智的

35、老人的建议后，艺术家来到漓江，最终被大自然这位伟大的艺术家所折服。故事以古鉴今，体现立德树人的理念。1解析：考查定语从句的引导词。关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰paintings。答案：whose2解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据句意及后文的choose the best可知，此处应用形容词最高级。答案：finest3解析：考查动词的语态。主语he和动词choose之间是被动关系，空格前有would，故用“be及物动词的过去分词”。答案：be chosen4解析：考查词性转换。作介词with的宾语，用名词形式。答案：curiosity5解析：考查连词。根据句意与句子结构可知，应用when或as引

36、导时间状语从句。答案：When/As6解析：考查动词的时态。and连接两个并列谓语动词，前后时态应一致。答案：pointed7解析：考查非谓语动词。set out to do开始做，为固定搭配。答案：to find8解析：考查词性转换。用副词修饰动词moved。答案：gently9解析：考查非谓语动词。在“see宾语宾语补足语”结构中，宾语与宾语补足语之间是主谓关系，用现在分词，表示动作正在进行。the soft clouds与surround之间是主谓关系，且表示正在发生的情景，故用现在分词形式。答案：surrounding 10解析：考查介词。此处on earth相当于in the world，意思是“在世上，在人间”。答案：on