全国1卷2023年高三英语模拟预测卷四.docx

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1、（全国1卷）2023年高三英语模拟预测卷（四）本试卷6页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等 相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。.3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域 内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅 笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,

2、满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂。AIn the last 50 years, sea surface temperatures around Antarctica have risen by 1-2C, which is more than twice the global average.Loss of speciesGlobal warming could basically change the ecosystem, leading to the loss of some

3、species. Sharks are going to arrive in Antarctica as long as the warming trend continues, a bit more slowly than crabs-crabs are going to get there first, but once they do get there they are able to eat the organisms that live there.Professor Wilga said the arrival of sharks and shell-crushing bony

4、fishes would lead to great changes in the number and proportions(比例)of species found there.Shrimp, ribbon worms and brittle stars are likely to be the most attackable to population declines. Animals living in shallow water in Antarctica are unique on Earth today because they evolved(进化)in a very col

5、d environment over tens of millions of years.Extreme conditionsIn the course of a process we call Antarctic cooling that started about 40 million years ago, all major seafloor predators such as sharks and crabs went extinct in Antarctica because they were not able to deal with these extreme conditio

6、ns.However, today global warming is removing barriers to invasions and weve seen recently that crabs, especially king crabs, are on the doorstep of Antarctica-they can potentially re-invade the shallow waters if warming continues.Urgent local and global actions are needed to protect this last enviro

7、nment and measures are needed to stop alien species being brought in through ships.Strange creaturesAnimals that live on the seafloor of Antarctica are some of the strangest creatures on Earth. The extreme cold and darkness has presented huge challenges to marine life over the passage of time, leadi

8、ng to the evolution of fish equipped with anti- freeze proteins in their blood.1How will these alien species affect the ecosystem in Antarctica?AThey will change the extremely cold conditions in Antarctica.BThey will change the numbers and proportions of species in Antarctica.CThe sea surface temper

9、ature of Antarctica will rise more quickly.DThe number of shrimp and ribbon worms will increase in Antarctica.2How does the author feel about the alien species invasion to Antarctica?AWorried.BDoubtful.CSatisfied.DExcited.3Which is the best title of this passage?ACreatures in Antarctica Are UniqueBT

10、he Extreme Conditions in AntarcticaCAlien Species Are Not Found in AntarcticaDAlien Species May Change Antarctic EcosystemBAs seniors in college looking forward to lifes next goals-graduation and employment-it is essential to have a sense of feeling important. Every time I look through job listings,

11、 there is a small, and sometimes not so small current running through my mind, spitting out little charges that are meant to stop me from even applying. The charges come in the form of words that seem to shout out like “It is not even worth trying!” or “You look as if you were a qualified man.”I met

12、 with a professor last week about a specific posting that really got me excited. Maybe the first time I could actually imagine myself in a position. I do not want to tell you which one because then there will be one more person applying for it. However, the professor said to me, “You and thousands o

13、f other people are interested in that job.” His response successfully dampened(抑制)my initial enthusiasm. So I went back to work on my cover letter, feeling like one little itty-bitty(极小的)sardine swimming in a school of thousands, with far less motivation than I had initially.Of course, the realities

14、 are good, and we should never feel deserving of, or entitled to, a position. I would say there are only a few select students out there. The cream, who has academic advantages, would be sure to stand out. The rest of us, struggling through our course loads, are the crop. But being the crop does not

15、 make us any less important!The point is that, like the old Hasidic story goes in Jewish tradition, we should always remember to carry two slips of paper in our pockets, especially during times of challenge and transition. When feeling beat down, or lost within a school of sardines, take out one sli

16、p of paper that says “For my sake, the world was created”. But for fear that you become a person filled with self-importance, carry a second slip of paper to serve as a gentle reminder, “I am but dust and ashes.”4What does the author imply in Paragraph 1?AHe doesnt want to work after graduation.BHe

17、has no confidence in finding a good job.CHe tries to behave himself after graduation.DHe shows no interest in most jobs in the list.5After talking with the professor, the author was _.AinspiredBconfusedCdiscouragedDembarrassed6What does the underlined part “the crop” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AThe pla

18、nts in the field.BCommon members of a group.CThose who enjoy their life.DThose who are tied to a position.7Whats suggested in the last paragraph?AControl our feelings when faced with different problems.BRead as many old stories as possible in our daily life.CLearn how to make ourselves important to

19、others.DUnderstand the function of two sheets of paper.CInternet time tied to teen depression(抑郁) symptomsSpending time online is normal behaviour for teenagers. But too much Internet use by teens or too little, for that matter might be related to depression, a new study finds.The findings, reported

20、 in the journal of Pediatrics, do not mean that the Internet is to blame. For one, teens in the study who spent no time online were also at increased risk of depression symptoms. Instead, the researchers say that both heavy Internet use, and non-use, could serve as signals that a teenager is having

21、a hard time.For the study, Dr Pierre-Andre Michaud and his colleagues at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland, surveyed 7,200 individuals aged 16 to 20 about their Internet use.Those who were online more than two hours per day were considered “heavy” Internet users,while those online anywhere fro

22、m several times per week to two hours per day were considered “regular” users.The teenagers also answered a number of health-related questions, including some standard questions about depressive tendencies” that gauge(判定) how often a person feels sad or hopeless. Compared with regular Internet users

23、, the study found, kids who were heavy users or non-users were more likely to be depressed or very depressed.Among male teens, heavy users and non-users were both around one-third more likely to have a high depression score, compared to “regular” users. Among girls, heavy Internet users had an 86 pe

24、rcent greater chance of depression, while non-users had a 46 percent greater likelihood compared to regular users.That was with factors like family income and any chronic health problems taken into account.Since teenagers typically go online to contact with friends, the researchers speculate(推测) tha

25、t those who are never online may be more socially isolated.8How long are those who are online per day considered “heavy” Internet users?AMore than two hours.BMore than eight hours.CMore than twelve hours.DMore than ten hours.9Whats the purpose of Dr Michaud and his colleagues study?ATo know the actu

26、al number of teenagers online.BTo know the actual time of teenagers online.CTo know the influence of study online on teenagers.DTo know the relationship between the Internet use and depression.10Whats the meaning of the underlined word “isolated” in the last paragraph?AIndependentBUnitedCSeparated.D

27、Capable.11According to the accounts of the sixth paragraph, what can we conclude?ANon-users of Internet arent likely to be depressed.BAmong girls, heavy Internet users are more likely to suffer depression than regular users.CHeavy users will lead to death unless limited.DNon-users have more possibil

28、ity to be depressed than heavy users.D A study, conducted by David Evans of the World Bank and Anna Popova of Stanford University, looked at 19 programs around the world in which individuals were given cash transfers from the government, either as a handout or as a “reward” for something like gettin

29、g kids to school on time or taking them to the doctor for checkupsEvans and Popova looked at the impact those cash transfers had on the family budget and whether or not they led to an increase in spending on alcohol and cigarettes What they found was that they almost always led to a reduction in a f

30、amilys alcohol and tobacco purchasesThe news may surprise some people, but its true, and the researchers have several theories about whyOne theory is that the cash transfer made things possible that once seemed impossible Investing in their kids education or buying healthier and more expensive foods

31、 may be within reach now, but without the cash handout, these goals werent even a possibilitySo families cut back on other expenses (like alcohol and tobacco) to make those dreams a realityAnother theory is that people just generally seem to do what theyre toldIf they are given money and told to use

32、 it for their familys welfare, in most cases, they will do just thatAnd that leads to the third theory: These cash transfers are usually given to women, and studies show that when women control the purse strings, more money is spent on taking care of their childrenWhatever the reason for the trend,

33、the data is clearfamilies that receive cash handouts dont waste the money on booze and cigarettes as was previously thought Instead, they typically use that money for the benefit of their familiesAnd thats money well spent12The study proves that Acash transfers help poor families get what would seem

34、 unavailable otherwiseBcash should be given to poor people as a reward for something good for kidsCgiven cash handouts, poor people would spend the money on alcohol and tobaccoDpoor people would save the cash given by the government for emergency needs13A cash transfer led to a reduction in a family

35、s alcohol and tobacco purchases because Athe education gained with the cash would help them drop alcohol and tobaccoBthe money previously for alcohol and tobacco would help realize their dreamCbuying healthier and more expensive foods left less money for alcohol and tobaccoDthat was the promise made

36、 before the cash transfer was given to the poor family14In paragraph 5, when the author said “women control the purse strings”, he just meant “ ”Awomen are told what to doBwomen are given the moneyCwomen know what to do with the moneyDwomen have the final word for money15The passage mainly tells us

37、Ahow the study was carried outBwhy cash transfer is preferredCthe findings of a study and explanations to themDthe theories for a study about cash transfers第二节 (共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Spending time together with your family members can help develop a closer family

38、 relationship.16 The following steps can help you become more enjoyable and fulfilling.Maintain daily and weekly family routines. Eat, go to sleep, and do regular family activities according to a schedule. 17 Besides, they also help create a stable, comfortable environment. In addition to improving

39、communication, regular family meetings can be a major part of your family routine. Try to focus on your family when youre with them.18Parents work and kids have after-school activities! So its tough to have breakfast and dinner together every day. However, do your best to eat together as often as po

40、ssible. Family meals can help you stay involved in each others lives. When someone gets home from work or practice late, sit down with them while they have dinner, even if youve already eaten.Set aside time for regular family activities. The activities could include bike rides, playing cards or boar

41、d games. If possible, dedicate at least an afternoon or evening per week for a family activity. 19Do housework together. Few people actually enjoy doing housework, but that can help everyone in your family take pride in your home. 20 For example, whoever finishes folding their laundry first can get

42、to pick out the movie youll watch together. After dinner, your youngest could wipe the table, your oldest could fill the dishwasher, and you could put away leftovers.AExpress your appreciation often.BIt prevents conflicts from happening.CHave meals together as often as possible.DMake spending holida

43、ys together a tradition.E.You can make it relaxing to do housework together.F.Routines help set a family identify and reduce stress.G.Focus on having fun and enjoying each others company.第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When

44、 I tell others I wrote a book with my dad, they usually say, “It must be nice to think of the legacy (遗产) you created with someone who means so 21 to you.” Working with a family member was a beautiful idea, and we 22 something were proud of, but still 23 is not the word either of us uses to 24 the p

45、rocess.“It was more conflict than 25 ,” my dad likes to say and I agree. For example, I wanted the book to focus on positive habits. 26 , my dad fell the book should include chapters 27 with things like 28 time with family. He also said the book was about more than just good 29 . It should encourage

46、 people to enjoy healthy life styles. 30 , I saw it his way.We both found the writing 31 was more difficult than 32 of us had expected, but far more worth rewarding. For almost three years, we 33 once o twice a week at my parents house and talked daily plan and outline each chapter. After these meet

47、ings, one of us would write a rough 34 that the other would build on.My dad is smart, funny, critical and caring. He has a strong 35 for the truth. For this book, he researched each topic with an enthusiasm Id never seen from him, and he insisted that we constantly question and critically 36 every p

48、iece of information even our own conclusions.When we 37 the project my dad declared actually the only thing he minded was the sweet memory not whether our cooperation could 38 a more popular book. As for me, besides a better writing experience, I discovered the great 39 from my dad, and shared with him not only o