2022年高考英语考前信息必刷卷(新高考地区专用)(解析版)(二).docx

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1、绝密启用前2022年高考英语考前信息必刷卷第二模拟高考新动向 2022年新高考英语稳中有变，题型仍然是20（ 阅读四选一 + 七选五 ）+15（语言运用）+10（语法填空）+应用文写作（词数80词）+读后续写（无划线词），但阅读理解题型由“阅读理解”改为“阅读”且分值加大，每小题2.5分；完形填空题型由“语言知识运用”改为“语言运用”，数量减少，分值减少，删掉短文改错题型，新增了读后续写新型写作，总体写作分值40分。考生备考时需要在阅读和写作上面多下功夫考前预测方向 本套试卷阅读理解为应用文+记叙文+说明文（两篇）的结构，其中AB两篇较简单，C篇为说明文，讲述人工智能隐藏的文化偏见，D篇为外刊

2、素材，韩国人口危机的相关问题；七选五阅读为说明文，和孩子们自驾游需要考虑的问题；完形填空为记叙文，讲述和顾客的关系经营理念；语法填空为说明文，讲述西红柿的营养价值和在中国的食用方法；写作主要是常规的应用文写作（介绍题材）和新型写作读后续写注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5

3、分, 满分37.5分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATake a high-quality helicopter tourfrom Las Vegas to the Grand Canyon West Rim(边缘）！Highlights A great Grand Canyon West Rim helicopter tour with an optional Skywalk Eagle Point Guano Point Hualapai RanchWhat You Can Expect Your journey from Las Vegas to t

4、he Grand Canyon begins with a scenic helicopter flight over Lake Mead, Hoover Dam, Fortification Hill and Temple Rock. Upon landing, you will have approximately 3. 5 hours to explore. Enjoy a meal at the viewpoint of your choice. Youll visit Eagle Point, home to the Skywalk, a glass-bottom walking s

5、urface that suspended（悬浮）more than 4, 000 feet above the Grand Canyon. At Guano Point, you can visit Highpoint Hike, where youll see breathtaking views of the Grand Canyon and Colorado River. Also visit Hualapai Ranch where you can go horseback riding. Also at the ranch there is cowboy entertainment

6、, wagon rides, and more. Finally, if you select the helicopter upgrade option, youll fly down to a private bluff(悬崖）at the bottom of the Grand Canyon. Enjoy this breathtaking setting and make sure to bring your camera for unique photo opportunities. The activity lasts approximately 40 minutes and fe

7、atures 20 minutes at the bottom of the canyon. Additional Information The listed price does not include a US$15 fuel surcharge(附加费）per person, payable at the time of check-in. According to FAA regulations, all passengers 18 years and older will be required to show photo ID such as a drivers license

8、or passport at the time of check-in. All loose objects including cameras are NOT allowed on the Skywalk. Personal belongings will need to be stored in a locker for free. Photos can be purchased at the gift shop. Due to comfort and weight/balance of the aircraft, passengers weighing over 136kg will b

9、e required to purchase an additional seat. This is payable directly to the tour operator on the day of the tour. Departure Points From selected Las Vegas hotelsDeparture Time 8 am or 9 am Departure time is subject to change due to weather conditions and weight restrictions. Duration7 hoursReturn Det

10、ails Return to original departure points1. Where is a visitor most likely to see cowboys on his journey? A. At Hoover Dam. B. At Hualapai Ranch. C. At Eagle Point. D. At Guano Point. 2. If possible, how long can a visitor stay at the bottom of the Grand Canyon? A. For about 20 minutes. B. For about

11、40 minutes. C. For about 1 hour. D. For about 3. 5 hours. 3. When a passenger takes the helicopter tour, which of the following he need to do? A. must arrive at a Las Vegas strip hotel before 9B. can take pictures on the Skywalk C. must be 18 years and olderD. can have a packed lunch【答案】1.B 2.A 3.D【

12、解析】这是一篇应用文，讲述直升机观光的旅游介绍。 1. B 细节理解题。由题目中的cowboy可以定位回原文第二个小标题第三段，由“Also at the ranch there is cowboy entertainment, wagon rides and more”可知可以在Hualapai Ranch看到牛仔，故选B。 2. A细节理解题。由Grand Canyon可以定位回原文第二个小标题最后一段，由“The activity lasts approximately 40 minutes and features 20 minutes at the bottom of the can

13、yon.”可知在峡谷底能呆20分钟，故选A。 3. D细节理解题。由Departure time可知离开时间为八点或九点，故A错误。根据“All loose objects including cameras are NOT allowed on the Skywalk”可知B错误；原文只表示18岁及以上的人需要展示照片id，并未说明18岁以下不能乘坐，故C错误；D可见原文第二个小标题第一段的最后一句“enjoy a meal at the viewpoint of your choice”，可知旅程需要自备一份午餐。故选D。BA few weeks ago, I bought a local

14、ly-grown salad from a vending machine(自动售货机). But then I immediately realized that it was packaged in a plastic jar. I guess I live with this jar now and forever. I thought sadly as I stared down at my new child.The salad jar was only the latest in a long line of examples of how I am addicted to the

15、 responsibility of reusing everything, trying to never throw anything away. Water bottles have been given second lives, and berry containers are transformed into Tupperware. I recently even looked at a plastic straw in my fruit juice: Could I reuse it too?Yet trying to squeeze my salad jar under my

16、kitchen counter this weekend, I finally had to admit: Being an environmentalist has turned me into a hoarder(囤积者). While keeping a certain number of jars and vegetable bags will allow me not to buy new containers, at a certain point those 30 berry containers begin to get a bit unnecessary. Who am I

17、kidding? Then one day I came across a blog post that asks accusingly. Are you turning your own home into a landfill(垃圾填埋场)? In my defense, there is absolutely no excuse not to be a conscious consumer. The solution is painfully obvious, but hard to admit: Delaying waste is not, in fact, rejecting was

18、te. In an over-packaged, over-consuming culture, this can feel like a burden. While I refuse to throw away packaging, the fact remains: I already have it. The damage is done. Ive been ignoring one of the most essential and difficult partsreduce, reuse, recycle. Even if I go out of my way to reuse th

19、e waste I do have, I need to reduce what I am bringing home in the first place.While I might not be ready to go full zero-waste, its a goal that is admirable to work toward. Until then, my salad jar child is going to make a great overnight oats jar.4. What does the author try to indicate by the last

20、 sentence in paragraph 2 ?A. How important reusing is.B. How she makes use of the plastic straw.C. How enthusiastic she is about reusing.D. Why she is responsible for reusing plastic straws.5. Why does the author say she has turned into a hoarder?A. She enjoys collecting a variety of small jars.B. S

21、he has saved far more containers than she needs.C. She likes the idea of saving fine packages in daily life.D. She stores more berry containers than other containers.6. What does the underlined word this in paragraph 4 refer to?A. Over-packaging.B. Delaying waste.C. Over-consuming.D. Rejecting waste

22、.7. The author realizes at last that she should_.A. buy fewer over-packaged goodsB. throw away unnecessary packagingC. reuse materials as much as possibleD. appreciate the value of recycling materials【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者是一个热衷于环保的人，她会尽量重复利用每件东西。但她却发现自己慢慢变成了囤积者，收集了大量自己根本用不了的东西，经过思考她意识

23、到，要做好重复利用的第一步是少买过度包装的商品。4. 推理判断题。根据第二段的The salad jar was only the latest in a long line of examples of how I am addicted to the responsibility of reusing everything, trying to never throw anything away. Water bottles have been given second lives, and berry containers are transformed into Tupperware.

24、 I recently even looked at a plastic straw in my fruit juice(这个沙拉罐子只是我沉迷于对重复利用的东西负责的众多东西中的一个，试图永远不要扔掉任何东西。水瓶被赋予了第二次生命，浆果容器被改造成特百惠，最近我甚至盯上了我果汁里的塑料吸管)可推测，作者非常热衷于重复利用东西。C. How enthusiastic she is about reusing.(她对重复利用是多么的有热情)符合以上推测，故选C项。5. 细节理解题。根据第三段的Being an environmentalist has turned me into a hoar

25、der(囤积者). While keeping a certain number of jars and vegetable bags will allow me not to buy new containers, at a certain point those 30 berry containers begin to get a bit unnecessary.(作为以一个环保主义者却把我变成了一个囤积者。虽然保留一定数量的罐子和蔬菜口袋可以让我不用买新的容器，但是在某种程度上来讲，那30个果酱容器是不必要的)可知，作者收集了很多她根本用不着的罐子。B. She has saved fa

26、r more containers than she needs.(她收集了比自己实际使用多的罐子)符合以上说法，故选B项。6. 词意猜测题。根据第四段的The solution is painfully obvious, but hard to admit：Delaying waste is not, in fact, rejecting waste. In an over-packaged, over-consuming culture, this can feel like a burden.可知，解决的方法是显而易见的，但却很难承认：事实上，拖延浪费并不是拒绝浪费。在一个过度包装，过度

27、消费的文化中，这可能已经让人觉得是一种负担。结合句意可推测，划线部分指代上文提到的delaying waste。故选B项。7. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的Ive been ignoring one of the most essential and difficult partsreduce, reuse, recycle. Even if I go out of my way to reuse the waste I do have, I need to reduce what I am bringing home in the first place.(我一直忽略了一个最基本也是最困难的

28、部分减少、重复使用、回收利用。即使我想尽办法重复利用我所拥有的废品，我需要首先减少我买回家的东西)可推测，作者意识到了她要少买过度包装的东西，这才是最基本的。A. buy fewer over-packaged goods(买更少的过度包装的商品)符合以上说法，故选A项。CArtificial Intelligence (AI) advice is as influential as humans, but positive crowd views still overpower.In a study, researchers found that machines that make rec

29、ommendationsor AI expertswere as influential as human experts when the AI experts recommended which photo users should add to their online business profiles. However, both AI and human experts failed to budge them if their feedback was negative and went against popular views among other users, said

30、S. Shyam Sundar, a professor of Media Effects.Because people are increasingly using social media to look for feedback, studies suggest that expert opinions and the bandwagon（从众效应）effect may be important factors in influencing decisions, according to Jinping Wang, a doctoral candidate in mass communi

31、cation and first author of the study. “Nowadays, we often turn to online platforms for opinions from other peoplelike our peers and expertsbefore making a decision,” said Wang. AI experts are often less expensive than human experts and they can also work 24 hours a day, which, Wang suggests, might m

32、ake them appealing to online business.The researchers also found that the AIs group statusin this case, national origin was pointed outdid not seem to affect a persons acceptance of its recommendation. Among human experts, however, an expert from a similar national origin who offered a negative opin

33、ion of a photograph tended to be more influential than a human expert from an unknown country who offered a similar negative rating of a photograph.While findings that suggest group status may not affect whether a person values the view of AI experts sound like good news, Sundar suggests that the sa

34、me cultural prejudice might still be at work in AI experts for they could be hidden in the programming and training data.“It can be both goodand badbecause it all depends on what you feed the AI,” said Sundar. “While it is good to believe in AIs ability to transcend（超越）cultural prejudice, we have to

35、 keep in mind that if you train the AI on pictures from one culture, they could give misleading recommendations on pictures meant for use in other cultural contexts.”8. What do the underlined words “budge them” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Change users ideas.B. Satisfy users needs.C. Raise users spirits.D

36、. Fire users imagination.9. Why do users often turn to AI experts?A. Because AI experts are more knowledgeable.B. Because AI experts are less influenced by feelings.C. Because AI experts are always available and cost less.D. Because AI experts are so new as to be more attractive.10. Which experts ne

37、gative assessments is a person more likely to believe?A. An expert who has great achievements in arts.B. An expert from countries with similar cultures.C. An expert with better personality and attitude.D. A foreign expert who is very popular worldwide.11. What did Sundar mean by the last paragraph?A

38、. People should have a mind of their own.B. People should be able to tell good from bad.C. People should know AIs hidden cultural prejudice.D. People should be trained how to use AI properly.【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。在进行推荐建议时，AI专家和人类专家的影响力一样有效。AI专家由于便捷性、低成本受到广泛欢迎，但我们不应该忘记其中隐藏的文化偏见，这取决于人类

39、如何灌输和训练它。8. 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“In a study, researchers found that machines that make recommendations-or AI experts-were as influential as human experts when the AI experts recommended which photo users should add to their online business profiles. （在一项研究中，研究人员发现，当人工智能专家建议哪些照片用户应该添加到他们的在线商业资料中时，提出建议的机器或人工

40、智能专家的影响力与人类专家一样大。）以及However.if their feedback was negative and went against popular views among other users（但是.如果他们的反馈是负面的，并且与其他用户的流行观点相悖）”可知，当反馈是负面的情况下，人工智能和人类专家都不能做出让步，即改变不了用户的观点，因此budge them的意思为“改变用户的观点”。故选A项。9. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“AI experts are often less expensive than human experts and they can als

41、o work 24 hours a day, which, Wang suggests, might make them appealing to online businesses.（王表示，人工智能专家通常比人类专家更便宜，而且他们可以一天24小时工作，这可能会让他们对在线企业有吸引力。）”可知，用户经常寻求AI专家的帮助是因为AI专家便捷并且花费少。故选C项。10. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Among human experts, however, an expert from a similar national origin who offered a negative opin

42、ion of a photograph tended to be more influential than a human expert from an unknown country who offered a similar negative rating of a photograph.（然而，在人类专家中，来自相似国家的专家如果对照片给出负面评价，往往比来自未知国家的专家给出相似负面评价的照片更有影响力。）”可知，来自相似文化背景的专家的负面评价更容易让人相信。故选B项。11. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“While it is good to believe in AIs abi

43、lity to transcend cultural biases, we have to keep in mind that if you train the AI on pictures from one culture, they could give misleading recommendations on pictures meant for use in other cultural contexts.（虽然相信人工智能能够超越文化偏见是件好事，但我们必须记住，如果你用一种文化的图片来训练人工智能，它们可能会对其他文化背景下使用的图片给出误导性的建议。）”可推知，Sundar 的

44、意思是人们应该知道人工智能隐藏的文化偏见。故选C项。DFor years, South Korea has struggled with a growing demographic（人口的） crisis. The countrys fertility rate has repeatedly hit record lows, and ranks near the bottom of the lowest fertility rates in the world. Meanwhile, South Koreas population continues to age, sending the c

45、ountry into a demographic decline.There were only 275,815 births, a record low compared to 307,764 deaths, a 3.1% increase in fatalities from the previous year. This is the first time South Korea has hit the “population death cross,” when the number of deaths surpasses births, the ministry said in a

46、 news release and the first time the total population has shrunk.The population continues to age rapidly, the census showed: 32.7% of people are in their 40s and 50s, and nearly a quarter are over the age of 60.“The constant decline in birth rate shows that low birth rate remains as a big issue in K

47、orea,” the release said. “There needs to be a fundamental change in the governmental policies such as welfare, education, and national defense, accordingly.”There is a major reason for population decline one being a demanding work culture that makes it difficult to balance careers with family life.T

48、here is also a trend to delay or avoid marriage. Among those who were not dating, 51% of men and 64% of women said they chose not to date so they can enjoy their hobbies or focus on education. Many say they just dont have the time, money, or emotional capacity to go on dates.More recently in December, the government released its 4th Basic Plan for Low Fertility and Aging Society, which lays out their plans for population policy over the next f