2023年新教材高考英语一轮复习外研版必修第二册unit5阅读题组-练速度含解析.docx

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1、Unit5阅读题组练速度.阅读AInnovativeDesignsforAccessibilityDeadline:2021-11-30Award:$7,500The Innovative Designs for Accessibility challenges university students across Canada to use their creativity to develop innovative,cost-effective and practical solutions to accessibility barriers for people with disabil

2、ities.CleanTechCompetitionDeadline:2021-11-13Award:$28,000The Clean Tech Competition is a unique,worldwide research and design challenge for pre-college youth.The competition is designed to build a deeper understanding of STEM (science,technology,engineering,and math) related concepts,recognize outs

3、tanding talent,and prepare the next generation of globally competitive innovators.AgileRoboticsCompetitionDeadline:2021-11-10Award:$17,500Agile Robotics Competition is a simulation-based(仿真) competition designed to promote agility(灵活) in industrial robot systems by employing the latest advances in a

4、rtificial intelligence and robot planning.The competition will be held virtually,so there is no need to travel to compete.The competition will use the Gazebo simulation tool.WearableRoboticsInnovationChallengeDeadline:2021-11-24Award:$5,000The Wearable Robotics Association is inviting entries that r

5、epresent the most innovative new ideas in wearable robotic technology.The review committee will select as many as ten finalists.The one considered to be the most innovative will be announced at the conference and will receive $5,000 to accelerate the new technology.1.Which competition favors competi

6、tors with a creative mind in helping the disabled?A.Wearable Robotics Innovation Challenge.B.Agile Robotics Competition.C.Clean Tech Competition.D.Innovative Designs for Accessibility.2.Which of the following is the aim of Clean Tech Competition?A.To improve the research on STEM.B.To develop teenage

7、rs ability to innovate.C.To help students go to beloved universities.D.To encourage university students to be innovators.3.What can we know about Wearable Robotics Innovation Challenge?A.Competitors with creativity are more likely to win.B.The final 10 competitors can get awards.C.Only teenagers can

8、 take part in the competition.D.Competitors can hand in their works in December.B“I absolutely knew that I could be a physician,” says Patrice Harris.“But never in my wildest dreams did I think I would be president of the American Medical Association(AMA).” Harris is the first African American woman

9、 ever to be elected president of the AMA.Harris grew up in a small town,and becoming a doctor felt like a dream for her.“Even though I knew I wanted to be a physician,” she said,“I had no idea how to get there.” Harris worked extremely hard to achieve her dream.She said,“In life,none of us get throu

10、gh without any setback.Whats important is to learn from these challenges.” Harris completed her undergraduate and graduate studies at West Virginia University.When Harris was in her third year of medical school,she decided to specialize in psychiatry(精神病学),the study and treatment of mental illnesses

11、.“Some of my patients had what I thought were very interesting disorders,” she said.“And there was something new every day.”In 2007,Harris won the Psychiatrist of the Year Award and widely recognized as a top doctor.But it is not awards,she said,but rather treating and caring for her patients that h

12、as motivated her throughout her career.“That interaction with my patients is very fulfilling,because every opportunity that I have to help a patient in need is so meaningful,and it shows me why I originally wanted to go into the profession of medicine,” Harris said.As president,Harris hopes to make

13、sure that people across the country have access to the resources they need to ensure good health and that everyone is on a path.She said,“Everyone should have the same opportunities to live a healthy life.”4.What can we learn about Patrice Harris from Paragraph 1?A.She is talented as a physician.B.S

14、he is the first woman president of the AMA.C.She had never intended to be president of the AMA.D.She was ambitious and generous at a young age.5.What can Harris owe her success to?A.Familys support.B.Enough chances.C.Learning from setbacks.D.Hard work and precise plans.6.Which of the following best

15、describes Harris as a psychiatrist?A.Worried.B.Devoted.C.Aggressive.D.Generous.7.What does the underlined word “fulfilling” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Powerful.B.Encouraging.C.Disappointing.D.Rewarding.CA 293-million-mile journey of the NASA Perseverance rover(探测器) to Mars ended successfully on

16、February 18,2021,with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezero Crater.The car-sized,six-wheeled rover,nicknamed Percy,is the US space agencys biggest and most advanced explorer to date.Its primary mission is to search for signs of ancient microbial(微生物的) life on Mars.Landing on Mars is extremely

17、tricky.The Red Planets gravitational(引力的) pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds,while its thin atmospherejust 1 percent that of Earthsdoes little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface.The scientists had to reduce Percys 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of

18、 less than five mphin just six and a half minutes.The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degreesany steeper,and the spacecraft would burn up;any flatter,and it would get lost in space.It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the “seven minutes of terror”.Upon attai

19、ning a manageable speed,Percy briefly flew over the Martian surface to seek out the perfect landing spot.Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database to find the best location.The NASA scientists will spend the next two months testing Percys scient

20、ific instruments.Once ready,the rover will begin to carry out its mission.“Perseverance is the smartest robot ever made,but confirming that microbial life once existed carries an unusually large burden of proof,” said Lori Glaze,director of NASAs Planetary Science Division.“While well learn a lot wi

21、th the great instruments we have aboard the rover,it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples (样本) carry evidence that Mars once harbored life.”8.What is the extraordinary challenge for the rover to land

22、on Mars?A.The speed reduction.B.The atmosphere analysis.C.The location search.D.The time management.9.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A.Ways to find the precise entry angle.B.Consequences of wrong entry degree.C.Factors to survive “the seven minutes”.D.Reasons for the necessity of speed reducing.10

23、.What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 4?A.The spot.B.The area.C.The system.D.The surface.11.What can be inferred from Lori Glazes words?A.Instruments aboard the rover are not quite reliable.B.Perseverance is able to collect enough evidence needed.C.Man still has a long way to go to prove life was on

24、 Mars.D.Samples of Mars will be returned soon to our labs on Earth.DAnyone who commutes(通勤) by car knows that traffic jams are an unavoidable part of life.But humans are not alone in facing potential jams.Ants also commutebetween their nests and sources of food.The survival of their colonies depends

25、 on doing this efficiently.When humans commute,theres a point at which cars become dense (稠密的) enough to slow down the flow of traffic,causing a jam.Researchers wanted to know if ants on the move could also get stuck.So they regulated traffic density by constructing bridges of various widths between

26、 a colony of Argentine ants and a source of food.Then they waited and watched,trying to find out at what point they were going to have a traffic jam.But it appeared that that never happened.They always managed to avoid a traffic jam.The flow of ants did increase in the beginning as ants started to f

27、ill the bridge and then leveled off at high density.But it never slowed down or stopped,even when the bridge was nearly filled with ants.The researchers then took a closer look at how the behaviour of individual ants impacted traffic as a whole.And they found that when ants sense overcrowding,they a

28、djust their speeds and avoid entering high-density areas,which prevents jams.Their behaviour may be promoted by pheromones,chemicals that can tell other ants where a trail is.The ants also manage to avoid colliding(碰撞) with each other at high density,which could really slow them down.Can ants help u

29、s solve our own traffic problems?Not likely.Thats because when it comes to getting from point A to point B as fast as possible,human drivers put their own goals first.Individual ants have to be more cooperative in order to feed the colony.But the research could be useful in improving traffic flow fo

30、r self-driving cars,which can be designed to be less like selfish humansand more like ants.12.What does the underlined word“this” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Surviving.B.Commuting.C.Finding food.D.Avoiding jams.13.How did the researchers control the traffic density of the commuting ants?A.Through clos

31、er observation.B.By regulating their numbers.C.By finding out the dense points.D.By controlling the widths of their path.14.How can ants avoid traffic jams according to the research?A.They follow a special route.B.They make their flow steady at high density.C.They never stop or slow down on the way.

32、D.They depend on their natural chemicals to make adjustment.15.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Traffic JamsB.Survival of an Ant ColonyC.Unavoidable?Not for Ants!D.Differences Between Humans and Ants.七选五In the workplace,one of the most important skills to possess is good c

33、ommunication.1;it means they are able to listen to others,as well as successfully convey their own ideas and opinions.While listening and speaking are important in effective communication,there are other skills that are vital to good communication in the workplace.2.This means not only listening wit

34、h your ears but also being able to comprehend what the person is saying.Giving co-workers your full attention when they are conveying an idea can go a long way in building relationships and furthering progress.Having empathy (同情) is very useful in communication.3.Put yourself in the other persons po

35、sition instead of judging or criticizing based on your own beliefs.While this may be difficult for some,empathizing with others can be very helpful in keeping in tune with your own emotions and ideas.Encouraging others will heighten confidence and appreciation in the workplace.4,you help others feel

36、 they are wanted,welcomed and respected by co-workers.People are much more likely to spare no effort if they know they are valued.Body language can greatly impact how others treat you in the workplace.Being extroverted (外向的) and friendly lets co-workers know you are open to hearing their opinions ab

37、out projects or new designs.5.Be sure to maintain eye contact the majority of the time you are speaking with someone,and use hand gestures to help you form clearer thoughts.Smiling offers encouragement and creates a noticeable difference in how you are treated.People who smile more are seen as more

38、approachable and trustworthy.While many of these good communication skills occur naturally in individuals,some may need to be learned and practiced in order to become second nature.A.While communication is importantB.By praising others and offering words of encouragementC.Praising co-workers helps c

39、ommunication go smoothlyD.It involves seeing things from the points of view of othersE.People value co-workers who can communicate effectivelyF.Being able to listen to others is vital in the communication processG.Body language is a large part of being empathetic and encouraging答案：.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章

40、介绍了四个竞赛项目及其相关信息。1.D解析细节理解题。根据InnovativeDesignsforAccessibility部分中的“forpeoplewithdisabilities”可知,该竞赛旨在鼓励利用创新思维帮助残疾人。故选D项。2.B解析细节理解题。根据CleanTechCompetition部分中的“ThecompetitionisdesignedtobuildadeeperunderstandingofSTEM(science,technology,engineering,andmath)relatedconcepts,recognizeoutstandingtalent,an

41、dpreparethenextgenerationofgloballycompetitiveinnovators.”可知,培养下一代,即青少年的创新能力是CleanTechCompetition的目标。故选B项。3.A解析推理判断题。根据WearableRoboticsInnovationChallenge部分“Theoneconsideredtobethemostinnovativewillbeannouncedattheconferenceandwillreceive$5,000toacceleratethenewtechnology.”可知,WearableRoboticsInnovat

42、ionChallenge竞赛关注的是创新能力,由此推知,有创造力的参赛者更有可能获胜。B、D两项表述有误,C项在文中并未提及,故选A项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国医学协会的主席PatriceHarris的相关事迹。4.C解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“ButneverinmywildestdreamsdidIthinkIwouldbepresidentoftheAmericanMedicalAssociation(AMA).”可知,她做梦也没想过会成为美国医学协会主席,由此可见,她以前从来没打算过成为这个主席。故选C项。5.C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“Harrisworke

43、dextremelyhardtoachieveherdream.Shesaid,Inlife,noneofusgetthroughwithoutanysetback.Whatsimportantistolearnfromthesechallenges.”可知,人的生活中都会有挫折,最重要的是要从这些挑战中去学习,而历经这些挫折加上勤奋才能成功。由此可知,她要把自己的成功归功于从挫折中学习。故选C项。6.B解析推理判断题。根据第三段中“Butitisnotawards,shesaid,butrathertreatingandcaringforherpatientsthathasmotivated

44、herthroughouthercareer.”和“.everyopportunity.professionofmedicine”可知,作为一名医生,是治疗和照顾病人这件事成为她职业生涯的动力,可知她对工作是全心全意的。故选B项。7.D解析词义猜测题。根据第三段中“.becauseeveryopportunitythatIhavetohelpapatientinneedissomeaningful,anditshowsmewhyIoriginallywantedtogointotheprofessionofmedicine”可知,她认为每次有机会帮助病人是很有意义的,由此可见,她认为和病人的互

45、动是值得的,fulfilling与下文meaningful相呼应,故选D项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“毅力号”探测器的主要任务,及其登陆火星过程中的情况。8.A解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知,火星引力会使得接近火星的航天器更快速行进,并且火星稀薄的大气层对减缓航天器的速度几乎没有帮助,故减速是“毅力号”探测器登陆火星的特别挑战。故选A项。9.C解析主旨大意题。通读第三段内容可知,该段尾句“Itisnowonderthatthefinalapproachisoftenreferredtoasthesevenminutesofterror.”为本段总结句,再结合该段上文可知,该段主

46、要介绍了“七分钟内生存下来的因素”:降低速度和精确的切入角度。故选C项。10.B解析代词指代题。分析第四段尾句的句子结构可知,it的指代对象为map-readingsystem或thearea。再结合句意“其复杂的地图读取系统快速扫描该地区,并将其与数据库中的地图进行匹配,以找到最佳位置”可知,it指代该句中的“thearea”。故选B项。11.C解析推理判断题。根据尾段可知,确认火星曾经存在过微生物需要大量的证据,而携带这些证据的样本又需要装备齐全的实验室以及将精密仪器送回地球才能进行分析。据此可推知,人类要证明火星上曾有生命还有很长的路要走,故C项正确。【破解长难句】While well

47、learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover,it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples carry evidence that Mars once harbored life.【分析】该句为主从复合句。句中while引导让步状语从句,其中wehaveaboardtherover为

48、省略了关系词的定语从句,修饰先行词thegreatinstruments;whether引导宾语从句,作及物动词tell的宾语。【译文】虽然我们可以通过探测器上精良的仪器了解到很多东西,但我们很可能需要地球上装备更精良的实验室和精密仪器来告诉我们,我们的样本是否携带火星曾经存在生命的证据。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现,蚂蚁在往返于巢穴和食物源之间时,如果感觉到过度拥挤就会作出调整以避免交通堵塞。它们的行为可能是由它们体内的信息素推动的。这项研究在改善自动驾驶汽车的交通流量上可能有用。12.B解析代词指代题。根据画线词所在句的上句可知,蚂蚁也会往返于它们的巢穴和食物源之间。结合语境可知,此处表示它们群体的生存依赖于高效地进行往返。据此可知,this指代“commuting”。故选B项。13.D解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sotheyregulatedtrafficdensity.asourceoffood.”可知,研究人员通过建造不同宽度的桥来控制往返于两地的蚂蚁的交通密度。故选D项。14.D解析细节理解题。根据第五段第二、三句可知,当蚂蚁感觉到过度拥挤时,它们会调整速度,避免进入高密度区域,从而避免交通堵塞;它们的行为可能是由信息素推动