2023届新教材新高考英语外研版一轮规范训练-选择性必修第二册unit5　adelicateworld.docx

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1、限时规范训练(29)限时40分钟基础落实维度1用所给词的正确形式填空1It is very important to find out why you failed to achieve(achieve) your goal.2If trapped (trap) in the elevator, please press the emergency button immediately.3By comparison (compare) with other students, Mike is the most intelligent in our class.4Owing (owe) to y

2、our help, I have made great progress. In other words, I owe my progress to you.5By the end of last year the number of people owing foreign cars in China had decreased (decrease) by 20%. 维度2在空白处填入一个适当的词1I owed it to the doctors that I survived such a severe accident.2My mother has no appetite for foo

3、d, so I cook some dishes easy to digest for her.3Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals is on the decrease in this area.4Little did she think they were to meet again, and never was she so happy in all her sixty years.5The first unique human characteristic is that humans have ex

4、traordinarily large brains compared with/to other animals.维度3完成句子/句式转换/一句多译1汤姆从没想到过这个国家的安全形势会那么严峻。(倒装句)Never did it occur to Tom that the security situation in this country would be so severe.2只是我的朋友告诉我真相后，我才知道我误解了你，所以我想我欠你一个真诚的道歉。(owe)Only after my friend told me the truth did I know I had misunder

5、stood you, so I think I owe you a sincere apology.3他的建议就是每一个人都应该尽最大的努力去帮助这个贫穷的女孩。(表语从句)His advice is that everyone (should) do his best to help the poor girl.4Representing my government I have the honour to submit the following statistics to you.On behalf of my government I have the honour to submit

6、 the following statistics to you.5和其他学生相比，迈克更加勤勉一些。Compared with/to other students, Mike is more diligent.(compare)In comparison with other students, Mike is more diligent.(comparison)能力提升.阅读理解ACalifornia burns every year. But among a recordbreaking heatwave,2020 is the worst burning year yet. As of

7、 the September 2020，more than 7,600 fires burned over 2.5 million acres of land. The season ran for more than several months.That fits a longterm trend，for Californias wild fires are getting steadily worse. Large fires in the 2010s burned 6.8 million acres on average，up from 3.3 million acres in the

8、 1990s.The fire season in 2020 lasted nearly three months longer than it did in the 1970s.Over the past decade，the state has spent an average of $3.7 billion a year fighting fires. Add the cost of rebuilding，treating victims and restoration，and that is perhaps a tenth of the total cost.The reason is

9、 a double blow of climate change and development. More homes are being built next to forests，in what experts call the “wildlandurban interface”(WUI)A 2018 study estimated that roughly a third of American homes were in the WUI Pricey housing has pushed people in California onto cheaper land close to

10、the wilderness. At the same time，climate change is lengthening the dry season，which stores up fuel for fires. In California，a “huge drought”in which dry years become more common and wet ones scarcer (稀少)is making matters even worse.Since neither trend shows much sign of turning around，people on Amer

11、icas west coast will have to learn to coexist with more and more frequent fires.Its not that different to building on an earthquake active region，says Max Moritz，a wildfire expert at the University of California at Santa Barbara. He suggests that houses should be built near water or open agricultura

12、l lands，which can offer a useful barrier.【语篇解读】文章介绍了2020年美国加州的火灾严重的现象，原因以及措施。1How does the second paragraph develop?ABy giving examples.BBy analyzing causes.CBy providing statistics.DBy following time order.解析：C推理判断题。根据第二段中“Large fires in the 2010s burned 6.8 million acres .that is perhaps a tenth o

13、f the total cost.”可推断，第二段是通过提供数据展开的。故选C项。2Why are more houses being built next to forests?APeople can get closer to nature.BCalifornia advocates forest development.CLowincome people cant afford urban houses.DClimate change has made the dry season longer.解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段“A 2018 study estimated that ro

14、ughly a third of American homes were in the WUI Pricey housing has pushed people in California onto cheaper land close to the wilderness.”可知，低收入人群买不起城市住房是越来越多的房子建在森林旁边的原因。故选C项。3What does Max Moritz imply?ALife is hopeless for people on Americas west coast.BGreat potential danger goes with the houses

15、 in WUI.CWildfire experts should study where to build houses.DPeople should live away from earthquake active regions.解析：B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“He suggests that houses should be built near water or open agricultural lands, which can offer a useful barrier.”可推断，乌尔的房屋有潜在风险。故选B项。4What is the authors purpose in

16、writing the text?ATo instruct.BTo warn.CTo persuade. DTo inform.解析：D写作意图题。根据第一段内容和最后一段中“Since neither trend shows much sign of turning around, people on Americas west coast will have to learn to coexist with more and more frequent fires.”可推断，本文的目的是告诉人们2020年美国加州的火灾严重的现象、原因以及措施。故选D项。BHuman activities

17、are damaging our marine environment，and ocean pollution threatens human health，a new research has uncovered. The research was conducted by an international research team that published their results in the journal Annals of Global Health. They wrote about the widespread damage to the oceans by the a

18、ctions of humans，which in turn also cause damage to human health. The researchers also made several recommendations regarding solutions to lessen these damages.The study detailed the latest scientific findings of the critical role that the oceans play in our health and the health of our planet. It a

19、lso examined the key factors damaging ocean health. With the increase in temperatures worldwide，the melting of sea ice also increases. It causes an increase in harmful bacteria and algae (藻类) into waters that were unpolluted in the past.Coastal populations are threatened by the rise in sea level and

20、 the increasing frequency and violence of coastal storms. The increase of carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere increases ocean acidity (酸度)，which destroys sensitive food chains in the ocean. Climate change also worsens ocean pollution.According to the studys author Philip Landrigan，who is also a

21、professor and Boston College Global observatory on Pollution & Health director，the pollution in the ocean is a major problem. It is getting worse and is directly affecting human health. Landrigan also adds that the oceans plastic pollution is not the entirety of the problem.According to Landrigan，th

22、e toxic pollutants that are dumped into our oceans are finding their way into peoples bodies. The pathway is mainly through the consumption of polluted seafood. The most severely affected sectors include those fishing communities and small island countries. Their lives are dependent on the health of

23、 the ocean.The research team suggests several measures to turn the situation around and save our oceans and our health，hoping that human activities change for the better so that ocean pollution is stopped and human health is improved.【语篇解读】一项新的研究表明，人类活动对海洋造成了破坏，海洋污染反过来又给人类健康带来危害。5What did the resear

24、chers find in their new study?AOceans are becoming more and more polluted.BOceans get back on humans for their activities.COceans are faced with the increasing temperature.DOceans are being threatened by bacteria and algae.解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They wrote about the widespread damage to the oceans by the

25、 actions of humans，which in turn also cause damage to human health.”可知，人类对海洋造成了破坏，反过来海洋对人类健康造成损害，即“海洋报复了人类”，get back on .表示“对报复”。故选B项。6What would happen with the rise of acidity in waters?ACoastal storms will occur regularly and violently.BThe harmful bacteria and algae will grow faster.CThe ocean f

26、ood chains will be poorly damaged.DClimate change over the oceans will be worse.解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The increase of carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere increases ocean acidity (酸度)，which destroys sensitive food chains in the ocean.”可知，随着海洋酸度增加，海洋的食物链会遭到破坏。故选C项。7What can we learn according to Landr

27、igan?AThe plastic pollution is a tough problem.BToxic pollutants will be deadly to the fish.CThe ocean pollution puts people at risk.DPlastics most seriously pollute the oceans.解析：C推理判断题。根据第五段中的“According to Landrigan，the toxic pollutants that are dumped into our oceans are finding their way into pe

28、oples bodies.”可知，倾倒在海洋中的有毒污染物正在进入人体，也就是说海洋的污染使得人类处于危险之中。故选C项。8What does the author want to tell in the passage?AHow ocean pollution damages human health.BWhat has caused the oceans severe pollution.CHow humans can find practical solutions.DWhat situation the oceans are exposed to.解析：A主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“H

29、uman activities are damaging our marine environment，and ocean pollution threatens human health, a new research has uncovered.”并结合全文内容可知，文章介绍了一项有关海洋污染与人类关系的研究。研究主要是围绕着人类活动破坏海洋环境后，被污染了的海洋又如何威胁人类的健康展开的，作者从多个角度谈到海洋污染如何损害人类健康。故选A项。.七选五 Nowadays，with the development of economy and rise of the level of peo

30、ples living，more and more people have access to delicate gifts for each other. 1 Wrapping (包装) paper waste has been on the rise. Try these suggestions for cutting down the amount of wrapping paper you throw away.Reuse what you have.Wrapping paper has such a brief life span (跨度) that it can be reused

31、 many times. 2 Its estimated that the US produces 4.6 million pounds of wrapping paper annually，and 2.3 million pounds of that ends up in the trash. The remainder stays in peoples homes，awaiting reuse.Use different material.Who says you have to choose bright wrapping paper to decorate a present？Opt

32、(选择) for basic brown paper that can be decorated beautifully with a bow，ribbons，leaves or markers. Repurpose newspaper，old posters，and childrens school artwork as wrapping paper. 3 Ask for better paper.Sellers stock what customers want，and recyclability should come first，so let that be known when yo

33、ure out shopping. As explained by Simon Ellin，CEO of the Recycling Association，a trade body that represents about 90 waste management companies and paper merchants in the United Kingdom. “Its a battle weve been in all yeardo you really need to design a nonpaper wrapping paper？ 4 ” Shop with that in

34、mind，too. 5 Use baskets，fabric，gift boxes or bags，tea towels，and more to wrap your presents. Learn the Japanese art of furoshiki，using beautiful knots to fasten colorful，reusable fabrics in attractive ways. This way，youll have no wrapping paper waste to contend with.ATry zero waste.BLeave your gifts

35、 unwrapped.CHowever，there is a problem.DIn fact，gifts are not so important.EMake paper with recycling in mind.FIts especially true if care is taken to unwrap it without tearing.GThere are plenty of other delightful ecofriendly alternatives to wrapping paper.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了如何通过减少对包装纸的使用来保护环境。1C根据空后一句“W

36、rapping (包装) paper waste has been on the rise.”可知，空处应是指出这一问题的存在，且与上文是转折关系，故C项符合此处的语境。2F根据空前“Wrapping paper has such a brief life span(跨度) that it can be reused many times.”可知，空处应是承接上文，阐述包装纸的使用周期问题。分析选项可知，F项符合此处的语境。3G根据本段的小标题“Use different material.”及本段的内容可知，本段主要的观点是用其他的东西包装礼物。分析选项可知，G项符合本段的主旨。4E根据本段

37、第一句中的“recyclability should come first”及空后的“Shop with that in mind，too.”可知，E项符合此处的语境。空后的in mind与E项中的in mind构成呼应。5A分析文章结构及空处所在的位置可知，空处应填本段的小标题。根据本段的内容，尤其是“This way，youll have no wrapping paper waste to contend with.”可知，本段主要的观点是用其他东西代替包装纸来包装礼物。故A项适合充当本段的小标题。.语法填空In many Asian，African and Latin American

38、 cultures，1. (extend) eye contact is impolite and it is thought of 2. offensiveness or a challenge of authority.It 3. (consider) politer to have brief eye contact，especially between people of different 4. (society) status (like a student and a teacher，or a child and his elder relatives)For example，i

39、f a Japanese woman avoids 5. (look) someone in the eye，she is not showing a lack of interest nor is she showing a lack of confidence.Instead，she is being polite，respectful and appropriate according to her culture.So in many of these cultures，you should take care of what kind of eye contact you initi

40、ate with those who are your 6. (superior) or in authority over you，so that you are not thought to be disrespectful or rude.As you can see，it is vital for you 7. (know) what eye contact communicates before you visit a new culture.Before you travel，you can either look up relevant information in your l

41、ocal public library 8. check out a book about the culture of the country you plan to visit in a bookstore.Learn how to make use of eye contact and other body language 9. (flexible) so that you are perceived to be polite，and so that you can better connect with people 10. are foreign to you!【语篇解读】本文主要

42、介绍了在不同的文化背景下目光交流的意义不同。1extended考查词性转换。句意：在许多亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲文化中，长时间的目光接触是不礼貌的，它被认为是对权威的冒犯或挑战。分析句子成分可知，设空处作名词词组 eye contact 的定语，应用形容词，故填extended，意为“较长时间的；延长了的”。2as考查介词。句意见上一题解析。此处考查词组“think of . as .”， 意思是“认为是”。故填as。3is considered考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意为：简短的眼神交流被认为是更礼貌的，尤其是在不同社会地位的人之间(比如学生和老师，或者孩子和他的长辈们)。分析句子成分

43、可知，it为形式主语，真正的主语是to have brief eye contact，此处形式主语it和consider 之间构成被动关系，文章整体时态为一般现在时，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is considered。4social考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作定语，修饰名词status，应用形容词。故填 social。5looking考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，如果一个日本女人避免直视别人的眼睛，她既不是缺乏兴趣，也不是缺乏自信。avoid doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，此处a Japanese woman 与look 之间为逻辑

44、上的主动关系。故填looking。6superiors考查名词单复数。句意：因此，在许多这样的文化中，你应该注意与你的上级或是权力在你之上的人进行何种眼神交流，这样你就不会被认为是无礼或粗鲁的。分析句意和空前的are可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填superiors。7to know 考查非谓语动词。句意：正如你所见，在你访问一种新的文化之前，了解眼神交流是非常重要的。“It is adj. for sb. to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“做某事对某人来说是.的”。It是形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。故填to know。8or 考查连词。句意：在你旅行之前，你可以在当地的公共图书馆里查找相关信息，也可以在书店里查阅一本关于你计划访问的国家的文化方面的书。either .or .为固定短语，意为“要么要么”。故填or。9flexibly考查词性转换。句意：要学会如何灵活地运用眼神交流和其他肢体语言，让别人觉得你很有礼貌，这样你就能更好地与陌生人交流。设空处修饰动词短语 make use of，应用副词。故填 flexibly。10who/that考查定语从句。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为people，指人，关系词在从句中作主语。故填who/that。