2022年高考英语人教版第二轮复习知识点精讲解密17七选五(习题)(二)(解析版).docx

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1、1. 2020届广西南宁市高三第二次适应性测试根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Criticism (批评) is harmful to healthy relationships. Its okay to express disappointment if someone is behaving in a way that hurts you. 16. The following are some ways to catch criticism before it begins.17. Before you criticize, pause a

2、nd consider whether you really need to say anything at all. If someone did something to get on your nerves, would you really need to point it out? Sometimes, its best to let small rudeness go Take a few deep breaths and leave the room instead of criticizing.Be realistic. Critical people often have v

3、ery high expectations of those around them. Your tendency to criticize may come from expecting too much from others. Sometimes you may find yourself consistently annoyed or disappointed with others. 18. Separate the individual from their actions. Critical people often focus on the negative aspects o

4、f a situation or a person, failing to see good qualities alongside negative ones. If you find yourself making assumptions about a persons character, stop yourself. 19. We all behave poorly sometimes, but a single action is not a reflection of character.Focus on positives. Oftentimes, being critical

5、results from how youre choosing to see a situation. 20. However, the vast majority of people have good qualities that outweigh the bad ones. Try to focus on a persons positive qualities over their negative ones.A. Never criticize others.B. Think before you speak.C. Everyone has drawbacks and imperfe

6、ctions.D. It may be a good idea to adjust your expectations.E.We should focus on other peoples disappointing actions.F.Try to separate a disappointing action from the person doing the action.G.Being overly critical, however, can cause tension in a relationship over time.这是一篇说明文。文章指出了批评有害于健康的关系，并提出了在

7、开始批评之前控制它的一些办法。16.G 根据下一句The following are some ways to catch criticism before it begins. 下面是一些在批评开始之前控制它的方法。可知，此处内容与批评不恰当带来不好的影响有关，选项G“然而，过度批评会导致关系长期紧张。”符合语境。故选G。17.B 根据下一句Before you criticize, pause and consider whether you really need to say anything at all.在你批评别人之前，停下来想一想你是否真的需要说些什么。可知，此处内容与三思而后

8、言有关，选项B“三思而后言。”符合语境，为短文的小标题。故选B。18.D 根据上文Your tendency to criticize may come from expecting too much from others. Sometimes you may find yourself consistently annoyed or disappointed with others. 你批评的倾向可能来自于对别人期望过高。有时你会发现自己总是对别人感到恼火或失望。可知，此处内容与调整自己的期望值有关，选项D“调整你的期望值可能是个好主意。”符合语境。故选D。19.F 根据上文Separat

9、e the individual from their actions. 把个人和他们的行为分开。可知，此处内容与把个人的行为与个人区分开有关，选项F“试着把一个令人失望的行为和正在做这个行为的人区分开来。”符合语境。故选F。20.F 根据下文However, the vast majority of people have good qualities that outweigh the bad ones. Try to focus on a persons positive qualities over their negative ones. 然而，绝大多数人的优点多于缺点。试着关注一个

10、人的积极品质而不是消极品质。可知，此处内容与每个人都有缺点有关，选项C“每个人都有缺点和不完美。”符合语境。故选C。2. 2020届湖北省八校高三第二次联考New Years resolutions you should be making about time managementYou likely already have too many goals and too many disappointments from this past year. So as you look ahead to 2020, the idea of adding more seems kind of e

11、xciting but also a bit forbidding. Thats why as a time management coach, I recommend that you do the opposite: 16. Know lessIts okay not to be up-to-date on everything. To cut down on these distractions, you might turn off social media notifications on your phone. 17. Unsubscribe from notification e

12、mails or newsletters you dont read regularly.Resolution: I resolve to be less aware of “interesting” things so I can be interested in and present for the people around me.Care lessThis one may sound a bit unfeeling.You may want to be a kind and thoughtful person for your friends and family and to se

13、rve your clients well. 18. What that means is that you say “No” a lot.Here is a way:I am at the service of my customers Monday through Friday, during the day. 19. Being able to unplug from work in my personal time increases my ability to serve my clients well when Im in the office.Resolution: 20. Co

14、nsequently, I can match my time with my highest priorities and take better care of the people closest to me.Is it easy to do less? No. But will it lead you to the best outcomes in the end? Yes. Youll thank yourself for it at the end of 2020.A. Resolve to do less.B. Contact people face to face.C. I h

15、ave to manage my time strategically.D. But I dont feel the need to be available 24/7.E.Alternatively, you could offload the apps altogether.F.I resolve to care less about what others want me to do.G.But you cant care about everyone who wants your attention professionally.本文为说明文。文章叙述了在新年如何制定关于管理时间的新年

16、计划。工作日外要有自己的私人时间，用于做自己喜欢做的事。人的精力是有限的，不能尽力照顾每一个人，要关心最亲近的人。到了年底你会感激自己的。16.A 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。第一段第一句“You likely already have too many goals and too many disappointments from this past year. So as you look ahead to 2020, the idea of adding more seems kind of exciting but also a bit forbidding.” 从去年开始，你可

17、能已经有太多的目标和太多的失望。所以当你展望2020年，添加更多的想法似乎有点令人兴奋，但也有点令人生畏。下面说这就是我建议你反其道而行之（you do the opposite）: _”。文中冒号起到解释说明作用，“do the opposite”对应上文提到“the idea of adding more”，与增加更多的想法相反的就是不去做多的计划，分析选项可知，可知A项Resolve to do less（决心少点）符合题意。故选A。17.E 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本文的小标题“know less”知道的少点。上句“Its okay not to be up-to-date

18、on everything. To cut down on these distractions, you might turn off social media notifications on your phone.” 不了解每件事的最新进展也没关系。为了减少这些干扰，你可以关掉手机上的社交媒体通知。以及后面的“Unsubscribe from notification emails or newsletters you dont read regularly.” 取消订阅你不经常阅读的通知邮件或时事通讯。这些都是呼应上文提到的减少社交媒体干扰，分析选项可知E项Alternatively,

19、 you could offload the apps altogether（或者，你也可以完全卸载应用程序）中用“Alternatively”提出另外一种解决方案，即把应用程序卸载了，也就了解的少了，可知E项符合题意，故选E。18.G 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。针对前文“you may want to be a kind and thoughtful person for your friends and family and to serve your clients well” 你可能想成为一个善良体贴的人，为您的朋友和家人，并为您的客户提供良好的服务。结合空后“What tha

20、t means is that you say “No” a lot.”意味着多拒绝。可知，结合本段的小标题为“care less(少关心点)”。可知，本段就是要求你少点关心。分析选项可知，G项But you cant care about everyone who wants your attention professionally.（但你不能关心每个想要你专门关心的人）与少点关心意义一致。把本句放入句中，即：但你不能关心每个想要你专门关心的人，这意味着你经常说“不”。可知，意义上是一致的，故选G。19.D 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。前文“I am at the service o

21、f my customers Monday through Friday, during the day” 我星期一到星期五白天都在为顾客服务。后文又提到“Being able to unplug from work in my personal time” 能够在我的私人时间里从工作中解脱出来。可知，没有必要一周七天都要工作。要用自己的私人时间。分析选项可知，D项But I dont feel the need to be available 24/7（但是我觉得没有必要一周七天，一天24小时都要为客户服务）符合题意，由此故而中间需要D项作为衔接。故选D。20.F 考查对上下文的理解及推理判

22、断能力。根据空格后的“I can match my time with my highest priorities and take better care of the people closest to me.” 我可以将我的时间做我的最优先要做的事，更好地照顾与我最亲近的人。因此可知，不能在乎别人要你做什么，而要做你最想做的事，照顾你最想照顾的人。这也呼应前面的小标题“Care less”提出的新年心愿。分析选项可知F 项I resolve to care less about what others want me to do（我决心不去在乎别人想让我做什么）符合语境可知，可知F项符合

23、题意，故选F。3. 2020届湖南省衡阳市高三二模英语试题Benefits of Deep Cleaning Your HomeThe researchers have discovered an average of 7,000 different types of bacteria per household.One study shows the dirtiest objects in the home found over 340 different bacteria on 30 different objects. So what actually are the benefits

24、of deep cleaning? Lets find out!16. Dust can cause sore eyes, coughing, hay fever (花粉病) and asthma (哮喘) attacks.17. For instance, dust can be found behind cabinets, on top of doors, windows and so on. Deep cleaning involves cleaning those places to wipe out the dust particles around them. With the a

25、bsence of dust particles in the air, it will help improve the air quality in your home significantly.Remove harmful bacteria and viruses.18. Some bacteria divide every 20 minutes with the right temperature and nutrients. Places like the kitchen, living room, and especially toilets contain the most b

26、acteria and viruses. Quick wipe downs are quick and convenient but its ineffective, only a deep clean can eliminate the majority of bacteria and viruses laying around.Reduce stress. People might find it odd how deep cleaning can actually reduce stress levels in the house. It may not be obvious but w

27、hen conducting deep cleaning, you will be moving, rearranging and organizing household items. 19. You may even need a helping hand with getting rid of the large amount of clutter (杂乱物) around the house.So, by deep cleaning your house every so often, you can get rid of clutter and the trouble of misp

28、lacing items around the house.20. A. Separate dust particles.B. Better indoor air quality.C. Dirty homes are shelters for bacteria and viruses.D. Dirty and messy homes are linked to many illnesses and infections.E.There are more dust particles lying around your home than you know.F.You will meet use

29、less items by accident laying around for who knows how long.G.You will even be awarded extra living space from removing all that dust-collecting items.这是一篇说明文。研究人员在每户人家平均发现了7000种不同类型的细菌。一项研究表明，在家中最脏的物品上发现了超过340种不同的细菌，分布在30个不同的物品上。文章主要说明了一些深层清理房子的三点好处。16.B 根据本段最后一句With the absence of dust particles i

30、n the air, it will help improve the air quality in your home significantly.可知，由于空气中没有灰尘颗粒，它将有助于显著改善你家里的空气质量。由此可知，本段主要说明的是深层清洁可以改善室内空气质量。故B选项“改善室内空气质量”符合上下文语境，故选B。17.E 根据后文For instance, dust can be found behind cabinets, on top of doors, windows and so on.可知，例如，灰尘可以被发现在橱柜后面，门的顶部，窗户等。由此可知，家里的灰尘看一看藏在很多

31、看不见的地方，因此家周围的灰尘颗粒比人们想象的要多。故E选项“你家周围的灰尘颗粒比你想象的要多”符合上下文语境，故选E。18.C 根据上文Remove harmful bacteria and viruses.可知，清除有害细菌和病毒。由此可知，本段是在说明房屋中细菌和病毒的情况。上文中bacteria and viruses可对应到C选项中bacteria and viruses。故C选项“肮脏的房屋是细菌和病毒的庇护所”符合上下文语境，故选C。19.F 根据上文It may not be obvious but when conducting deep cleaning, you will

32、 be moving, rearranging and organizing household items.可知，这可能不是很明显，但当进行深度清洁时，你会移动，重新安排和组织家庭用品。由此可知，在重新安排和组织家庭用品的过程中会发现一些无用的东西，清理后可以减轻房子的压力。故F选项“你会偶然遇到一些不知道在那里躺了多久的无用的东西”符合上下文语境，故选F。20.G 根据上文So, by deep cleaning your house every so often, you can get rid of clutter and the trouble of misplacing items

33、 around the house.可知，所以，通过每隔一段时间彻底清理你的房子，你可以摆脱杂乱和把东西乱放的麻烦。由此可知，本句承接上文说明给房子深层清理的好处。故G选项“你甚至可以获得额外的居住空间，因为你可以清除所有的灰尘”符合上下文语境，故选G。4. 2020届江西省重点中学协作体高三第一次联考In addition to being an important driver of personal health, optimism has been thought as one of the most important qualities of an innovative (创新的)

34、 leader. 16. Leaders who are too optimistic can actually reduce their teams morale (斗志) and productivity. This is because too much optimism comes across as blind to the challenges that a team may face along the course of a project. 17. One way is to focus on the challenges that lie ahead for your te

35、am. When leaders talk about the reasons why an approach might not work, someone on their team is more likely to jump in and insist on why the team will succeed. Its a bit like reverse psychology (逆反心理).18. Ask questions such as, “What problems do you see that I may be missing? Are there reasons we s

36、houldnt go on? And where might our assumptions be wrong?”Through this line of questioning, you as the leader acknowledge that there may be challenges while also showing your confidence in your team to overcome them.19. But at the same time, employees want their managers to recognize the barriers the

37、y overcome in order to help the team succeed.The next time you want to encourage your team, express your confidence in their abilities while acknowledging that there may be struggles along the way. Thats right. 20. Leaders who see the glass as too full actually reduce the success of their teams.A. W

38、ith it, we can achieve anything.B. Theres a pessimistic view, however.C. To be a good leader, you need to be less optimistic.D. Another way is for leaders to be more skillful in asking questions.E.Nowhere is optimism more important than in leading organizations.F.The following are ways for leaders t

39、o avoid coming across as too optimistic.G.Nobody wants to work with a person who frequently adds bad news and negative feelings to a gathering.这是一篇说明文。介绍了如何做一个优秀的领导：不要过于乐观及避免过于乐观的方法，能够看到团队的挑战，对团队有信心。16. B此空上一句说乐观被认为是最重要的创新领导力的品质之一，下一句说太乐观的领导会降低组内斗志和生产率。因此可知，此空衔接上下句，表转折关系，B选项however表转折。故选B。17. F此空上一句

40、说到，领导过于乐观的危害，下文内容是领导如何避免过于乐观的方法。因此，此空应该意为：下面介绍几种避免乐观导致的危害的方法。故选F。18.D 根据下文“Ask questions such as, “What problems do you see that I may be missing?”，可知此空意为：避免过于乐观的方法是有技巧的询问问题。故选D。19.G 上一句说：你作为领导，要知道团队遇到挑战的时候，也要展示你对团队能战胜挑战有信心。再联系上文可知，此空意为：作为领导，不能太乐观，但也不能太消极，没有人愿意跟一个总是分享坏消息和负面情绪的人在一起工作。故选G。20.C 此空上文说到领导正确的做法；下一句说：过于乐观的领导往往减少了他们团队的成功。可知此空意为：一个好的领导应该是什么样子的。起到承上启下的作用。故选C。