2022年高考英语人教版第二轮复习知识点精讲05形容词和副词(习题)(一)(解析版).docx

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1、1.（2020山东卷语法填空）. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36. (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.【答案】wealthy【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。2.（2020天津二卷单项填空）According to Professor Johnson, we dont have to read the book

2、 if we dont want to, as it is _.A. worthwhileB. necessaryC. optionalD. serious【答案】c【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，因为它是可选择的。A. worthwhile值得的；B. necessary必要的；C. optional 可选择的，选修的；D. serious严肃的，认真的。根据“we dont have to read the book if we dont want to”可知，这本书读不读都可以，由此可知，它是“可选择的”。故选C。3.（2020新课

3、标I卷语法填空）. Data about the moons composition, such as how 69. ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70.its (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.【答案】much【解析】考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。4.（2020新课标卷语法填

4、空）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62. (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.【答案】finest【解析】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。5.（2020天津卷一

5、单项填空） With the widespread use of the Internet, communications across the world have _developed over the years.A. steadilyB. differentlyC. independentlyD. formally【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：随着互联网的广泛使用，世界各地的通信多年来稳步发展。A. steadily稳定地，,稳固地；B. differently不同地；C. independently独立地；D. formally正式地。此处指稳步发展，故选A。6.（2020新

6、课标I卷语法填空）Landing on the moons far side is 62. (extreme) challenging. 【答案】extremely【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。7.（2020新课标卷语法填空） 66. (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.【答案】extremely【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副

7、词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。8.（2020新课标卷语法填空）. Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69. (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 【答案】beautiful【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。9.（2020新课标卷语法填空） As the small boat moved,

8、68. (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 【答案】gently【解析】考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。10.（2020新课标I卷短文改错）Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.【答案】simply改为simple【解析】考查形容词。句意：今天我自己尝试

9、做一道简单的菜。根据名词dish可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故将simply改为simple。11. （2020新课标卷短文改错） Im surely youll have a good time.【答案】surely改为sure【解析】考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。12.（2019江苏卷单项填空）Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people _ options to exercise. A. casualB. regularC. flexib

10、leD. tight【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。A. casual偶然的，随便的；B. regular定期的，有规律的；C. flexible灵活的；D. tight紧的，密封的。故选C。13.（2019新课标I卷语法填空）It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _62_ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that

11、 there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.【答案】poorly【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。14.（2019新课标II卷语法填空）Her years of hard work have _63_(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.【答案】finally【解析】考

12、查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。15.（2019新课标II卷短文改错）First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. 【答案】First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so .【解析】考查形容词的用法。句中的“looked（看起来样）”为系动词，系动词后需用形容词作表语。故将coolly改为cool。16.（2019新课标I

13、I卷短文改错）Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. 【答案】Then, when I was in the five（fifth） grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher much.【解析】考查副词。句意：在五年级的时候，因为我非常喜欢我的英语老师，所以我想变成一名老师。“so much”在句中一般表达肯定意思，可与that连用表

14、示“如此以至于”。而“too much”表太多，一般与to搭配，表达否定意思“太以至于不能”。本句话表达肯定意思，非常so much 或very much，故将too改为very/so。17.（2019新课标III卷语法填空）On our way to the house，it was raining _61_ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.【答案】so【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上

15、，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“sothat”意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。18.（2018新课标I卷完形填空）And, even if I werent 43 enough about free credits, news about our instructor was appealing enough to me. A. excitedB. worriedC. movedD. tired【答案】 A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的信息就足以吸引我。excited激动的；兴奋的；worried担心

16、的；moved感动的；tired劳累的。故选A。19.（2018新课标I卷完形填空）The bay was 45 in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 , I realized one kayak（皮划艇） was in trouble.45. A. bathedB. cleanC. deepD. formed46. A. fasterB. closerC. heavierD. wiser【答案】 45.A；46B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根

17、据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed沐浴；B. clean清扫；C. deep深处；D. formed形成。故选A项切题。；考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster迅速的；B. closer靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier重的，沉重的；D. wiser有智慧的；聪明的。故选B项切题。20. （2018新课标I卷语法填空）A taste for meat is _63_ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its

18、 corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.【答案】 actually 【解析】考查副词。句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。故填actually。21. （2018江苏卷单项填空）Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _ to invest in sufficient training for his staff. A. keen B. reluctantC. anxious D. ready【答案】B 考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解

19、。句意：尽管旅馆服务不好，经理还不愿投入为员工提供足够的培训。A. keen敏锐的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的；D. ready准备好的。故选B。22. （2018浙江卷语法填空）The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health.【答案】 affordable ； higher【解析】考

20、查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的，系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”故填affordable；考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，由even表示程度修饰比较级，故填higher。23.（2018新课标I卷完形填空）And, even if I werent 43 enough about free credits, news about our instructor was appealing enough to me. A. excitedB. worriedC. movedD. tired【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。我总是想学象棋，即便是我对

21、免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的信息就足以吸引我。excited激动的，兴奋的；worried担心的；moved感动的；tired劳累的。故选A。24.（2018新课标I卷完形填空）The bay was 45 in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 , I realized one kayak（皮划艇） was in trouble.45. A. bathedB. cleanC. deepD. formed46. A. fasterB. clos

22、erC. heavierD. wiser45. 【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed沐浴；B. clean清扫；C. deep深处；D. formed形成。故选A项切题。46. 【答案】B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster迅速的；B. closer靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier重的，沉重的；D. wiser有智慧的；聪明的。故选B项切题。25.（2018新课标I卷语法填空）A taste for meat is

23、_63_ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.【答案】actually 【解析】考查副词。句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。故填actually。26. （2018浙江卷语法填空）The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds

24、up. There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health.62. 【答案】 affordable 【解析】考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的，系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”故填affordable。63. 【答案】higher 【解析】考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，由even表示程度修饰比较级，故填higher。27. However, he _ (care) not to go to extremes.【答案】careful【解析】考查形容词。此处为形容词作表语，故填careful“当心

25、的”构成系表结构。28. Steam engineswere used(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been6(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. 【答案】fairly【解析】考查副词。副词修饰形容词unpleasant，故在其前填fairly。29.The Central London Railway was one of the most10(success) of these new lines, and was opened in

26、1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.【答案】successful【解析】考查词性转换。根据语境并结合空前的the most 可知，空处表达最高级意义。故填successful。30.I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is10(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dont want to ha

27、ve nothing else to fall back on when I cant model any more.【答案】certainly【解析】考查副词。此处fun是名词，但空格处修饰整个句子，作状语，故填certainly。31.Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the (35) _(good) your performance will be. 【答案】better 【解析】考查固定句式。The+比较级, the+比较级意为越就越。本句句意：你承受的压力越大，你的表现就会越好。所以本空使用good的比较级形式

28、better。32. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which (gradual) turned into chopsticks.【答案】gradually【解析】考查副词。应用副词修饰动词。33. They will also the best and worse years in my life. _【答案】worse 改为worst【解析】句中又表示范围的in my life，同时应与前面的best保持一致。34.I have always enjoyed all the events you organize

29、d and I hope to attend _ in the coming years.A. little moreB. no moreC. much moreD. many more【答案】D 【解析】考查比较级。句意：我一直都很喜欢你组织的所有活动，我也希望能在未来的几年参加更多这样的活动。根据句意可知此处表示更多的活动，故选many more，相当于many more events。35.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most _statements of how, and on what basis, data are col

30、lected.A. explicitB. ambiguousC. originalD. arbitrary【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最清晰的说明。故A正确。36.In this article , you need to back up general statements with _ examples.A. specific B. permanent C. abstract D.

31、universal【答案】A 【解析】句意：在文章中，你需要用具体的例子来支持总的观点。specific 具体，明确的；permanen永久的；abstract抽象的；universal全球的，共通的。故选A。37.Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was _ alive.A. steadily B. instantly C. formerly D. permanently【答案】C【解析】句意：

32、就算我们很少了解食物来自于哪里，我们大多数人都明白，放在我们的口里的每一点食物在之前都是活生生的生命。steadily稳定地； instantly立即地；formerly以前，从前； permanently永久地。根据句意及常识不能得出答案，在吃入口中之前的都是活着的。故选C。38.Listening is thus an active, not a_, behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.A. considerate B. sensitive C. reliable D. passive【答案】D【解析】

33、句意：因此听是一种主动的，而不是被动的行为。它包含听，理解和记忆。considerate考虑周全的；sensitive敏感的；reliable可靠的；passive被动的。根据not可以知道前后是反义表达，所以选D。 39.Little Tom sat _watching the monkey dancing in front of him.A. amaze B. amazing C. amazed D. to amaze【答案】C【解析】本句考查形容词作状语。本句考查形容词作伴随状语，句意：小Tom坐在那儿看着小猴子在他面前跳舞，很吃惊。主要考查B、C之间的区别，选项B意为：令人吃惊的，常修

34、饰物；而选项C意为：感到吃惊的，常修饰人。根据句意可知选C。40.Andy is content with the toy. It is _ he has ever got.A. a better B. the better C. a best D. the best【答案】D【解析】考查形容词的级。根据上一句话可知，Andy对这个玩具很满意，故选择D。句意：这是他曾得到的最好的玩具。41.It was_ of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.A. careless B. considerateC. patien

35、t D. generous【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。careless不小心的； considerate体贴的； patient有耐心的； generous慷慨的。句意：麦克真是体贴，他通知我们他会迟点来以防我们着急。故选B。42.The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _ review of the case.A. comprehensive B. complicated C. conscious D. crucial【答案】A【解析】句意：警官决定对这起案件进行一次彻底全面的审查。A项综合的，全面的，有理解力的；B项复杂的；C项有意识的；D项至关重要的。故选A项。