2022届新高考英语人教版二轮复习阅读理解题型分类练(十)词句猜测题-词义猜测类.docx

《2022届新高考英语人教版二轮复习阅读理解题型分类练(十)词句猜测题-词义猜测类.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022届新高考英语人教版二轮复习阅读理解题型分类练(十)词句猜测题-词义猜测类.docx（5页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、阅读理解题型分类练(十)词句猜测题词义猜测类A2021临沂市高三一模IhadmovedtoJapanforalongtermclientconsultingengagement.AfterafewdaysinaTokyohotelImovedtoanapartment.Afterbeingmovedinbymycolleagues, itwastimetogetdinner.IfoundapizzadeliverflyerinmymailboxanddecidedtosimplyorderapizzaasImighthavethepreviousweekinManhattan.Thephone

2、calltoCaliPizzawaseasierthananticipatedandwhilewaitingforthepizzaIsetaboutunpacking.Unfortunately, after45minutesnopizza.Ifiguredthatmy“easy”callreallywasntandthatIwouldneedtomakealternateplansfordinner.Whilethinkingaboutwhattodonext, myphonerang.ItwasCaliPizzacallingtosaythattheycouldnotfindmyapart

3、mentbasedontheaddressthatIhadgiventhem.OnceitwasdeterminedthatIhadprovidedanincorrectaddress, theclerkonthephoneaskedmetodescribewhatIcouldseefrommywindow.AftersomebackandforththeyseemedsatisfiedthattheyknewwhereIwas.Afewminuteslaterthepizzaarrived.Thisiswhenmy“customer delight”experiencetook_over.F

4、irst, thedeliverypersonapologizedrepeatedlyforbeinglate, thenheshowedmethesmallbluemetalplateonmybuildingwiththecorrectaddress, andfinallyherefusedtoacceptpaymentforthepizzabecausehewaslate.Netresult: onedelightedcustomer(me) , andfrequentordersfromCaliPizzaduringmytwoyearstayinJapan.Such“customer d

5、elight”experiencesbecomestoriesIhaveusedtoillustratewhatitmeanstotrulydelightacustomer.1Whatdidthewriterdofirstafterhemovedintheapartment?ADeliverflyers.BPlaceanorder.CCallhiscolleagues.DSetaboutunpacking.2Whywasthedeliverydelayed?AThenumberontheflyerwasinaccurate.BTheclerkwasunfamiliarwiththeaddres

6、s.CThewriterprovidedaninaccurateaddress.DThepizzawassenttoawrongaddress.3Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“took over”underlinedinParagraph3?ADisappeared.BDominated.CPromoted.DDecreased.4Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?AItsnevereasytosettledowninanewcity.BAdelayeddeliverymayresultingoodprofit.COnecantbetooc

7、arefulwhenplacinganorder.DAshorttermlossofbenefitmayrewardalot.B2021潍坊市一模Anewstudy, publishedthisweekinthejournalFrontiersinVeterinaryScience, revealsthatnonhumananimalstearsarenotsodifferentfromourown.Thechemicalsimilaritiesaresogreat, infact, thatthecompositionofotherspeciestearsandhowtheyreadapte

8、dtotheirenvironmentsmayprovideinsightsintobettertreatmentsforhumaneyedisease.Previously, scientistshadstudiedcloselyonlythetearsofahandfulofmammals, includinghumans, dogs, horses, camels, andmonkeys.Inthenewstudy, Brazilianveterinariansanalyzedthetearsofreptilesandbirdsforthefirsttime, focusingonsev

9、enspecies.Tears, whicharereleasedfromteartubes, formafilmovertheeyethatscomposedofthreeingredients: mucus, water, andoil.Themucuscoatstheeyessurfaceandhelpstoattachthefilmtotheeye, thewaterisanaturalsaltysolutioncontainingcrucialproteinsandminerals, andtheoilpreventstheeyefromdryingout.Humansaretheo

10、nlyknownspeciestoproduceemotionaltears; theexpression“crocodile tears”，whichreferstoapersonsphonydisplayofemotion, comesfromthemysterioustendencyofcrocodilestoreleasetearsastheyeat.Buttearsplaykeyrolesbeyondweeping, notesLionelSebbagatIowaStateUniversity, whowasnotinvolvedinthenewresearch.Theyhelpwi

11、thvisionbylubricating(润滑) andclearingtheeye.Theyalsoprotecttheeyeagainstinfectionandprovidenutritiontothecornea (角膜) , theeyesclearouterlayer, whichlacksbloodtubes, hesays.Learninghowreptilesandbirdsusetearsmayalsoinspirenewmedicationsforconditionssuchasdryeye, whichoccurswhenteartubesdontproduceeno

12、ughoil.Thedisease, commonincats, dogs, andpeople, cansometimesleadtoblindness.5WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?AThesourceoftears.BThecompositionoftears.CTheclassificationoftears.DThedefinitionoftears.6Whatdoestheunderlinedword“phony”inParagraph4mean ?ATricky.BRegretful.CCold.DFalse.7WhichstatementdoesLi

13、onelSebbagagreewith?AWeepingcontributestoeyedisease.BThecorneahasrichbloodtubes.CTearsoilandcleartheeyes.DMoretearsmeanbettervision.8Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?ATears, abarriertoeyesBAbettertreatmentforeyediseaseCNonhumantearspromisenewcuresDOtherspeciestearsaresimilartohumansC2021湖北高三十一校第二次联

14、考Ifyouweretothrow, say, abananapeeloutofyourcarwhiledrivingalongthemotorway, thatwouldbeacompletelyharmlessaction, duetothefactthatitspartofafruitright? Actually, no.Abananapeelcantakeuptotwoyearstobenaturallyprocessed, andwithathirdofmotoristsadmittingtolitteringwhiledriving, thatsawholelotofdiscar

15、dedbananapeels.Anorangepeelandacigarettebutthaveasimilarbiodegrading (生物降解) termtothatofabananapeel, buttincanslastupto100years; andplasticbottleslastforever, sodoglassbottles.Despitethefactthatlongerlastingmaterialswillservetodamagetheenvironmentanditsanimalsforlonger, wecantmerelymeasuretheseverit

16、yofacertaintypeofrubbishbyitslifetime.Forexample, despitehavingafairlyshortlengthofbiodegradingtime, morethan120tonsofcigaretterelatedlitterisdiscardedintheUKeveryday.Itsnotacheaphabiteither: tokeepourstreetscleanannuallycostsUKtaxpayers500million, andwhenyouincludeourgreenspaces, thatgoesupto1billi

17、on.So, itsnotsurprisingthatifcaughtflytippingyoucouldfacea20，000fineorevenjailtimeand, ifyoudisposeofsomethingdangerous, thecourtcouldgiveyoufiveyearstoserve.Regardlessofhowseverethesepunishmentsmightseem, however, amongthereportedcasesonly2，000werefoundguiltyoutof825，000, sowestillhavesomewaytogoin

18、makingsurepeopleobeytherules.9Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ discarded”inPara.1mean?AHarmless.BProcessed.CThrown.DLonglasting.10Whichofthefollowinghasthelongestbiodegradingterm?AGlassbottles.BTincans.CCigarettebutts.DBananapeels.11Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?ATheseverityofrubbishcanbemeasuredonlybyi

19、tslifetime.BQuiteafewpeoplewerefoundguiltyofillegallylittering.CEveryyearUKtaxpayersspend500millionkeepingstreetsfreeofdirt.DCigaretterelatedlitterandpeelscanbeignoredfortheirfairlyshortlifetime.12Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?AToinformreadersofdifferentbiodegradingterms.BTocallforpeoplenottolitteril

20、legally.CToencouragepeopletousefewerplasticbags.DTostresstheimportanceofgoodbehavior.阅读理解题型分类练(十)A【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在点餐时因疏忽而给错了地址，但商家最终还是将比萨送到了作者手上并因自己迟到而拒绝收取比萨的费用，这让作者体验了一次愉悦的购物，从此成为这家比萨店的常客的故事。1答案与解析：B细节理解题。“IfoundapizzadeliverflyerinmymailboxanddecidedtosimplyorderapizzaasImighthavethepreviou

21、sweekinManhattan.(第一段第四句)”根据关键句可知，作者搬进公寓后先下了一个购买比萨的订单。故选B。2答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第二段内容尤其是关键句“OnceitwasdeterminedthatIhadprovidedanincorrectaddress.(第二段倒数第二句)”可知，45分钟后比萨还没有送到是因为作者提供给商家的地址是错误的。故选C。3答案与解析：B词义猜测题。通读第三段可知，外卖员先为自己迟到多次道歉，然后给作者看作者大楼上蓝色的小金属板，上面写有正确的地址。最后他因自己迟到而拒绝接受比萨的费用。由此可推知，当比萨被送到时，作者的“顾客愉悦”体验占了主

22、导地位。画线短语应意为“主导，控制”，与B项意思相符。故选B。4答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是关键句“Netresult: onedelightedcustomer(me)，andfrequentordersfromCaliPizzaduringmytwoyearstayinJapan.(第三段最后一句)”可知，商家虽然损失了这一笔订单的钱，但却让顾客得到了愉悦的体验，从而让顾客成为常客。由此可推知，短期的利益损失有可能带来很大的回报。故选D。B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物的眼泪与人类的眼泪并没有太大不同，但针对这些眼泪进行的研究为治疗人类眼部疾病提供了更好的

23、思路。5答案与解析：B段落大意题。该题问的是第三段主要讲了什么。通读第三段内容尤其是关键句“Tears，whicharereleasedfromteartubes, formafilmovertheeyethatscomposedofthreeingredients: mucus，water, andoil.(第三段第一句)”可知，第三段主要介绍了眼泪的成分。故选B。6答案与解析：D词义猜测题。该题问的是第四段中的画线单词“phony”是什么意思。根据关键句“Humansaretheonlyknownspeciestoproduceemotionaltears; theexpressioncr

24、ocodiletears, whichreferstoapersonsphonydisplayofemotion, comesfromthemysterioustendencyofcrocodilestoreleasetearsastheyeat.(第四段)”可知，“鳄鱼的眼泪”这个表达指的是一个人虚假地表达情感。由此可推知，phony应意为“虚假的”，与D项意思相同。故选D。7答案与解析：C细节理解题。该题问的是LionelSebbag会同意哪种说法。根据关键句“Theyhelpwithvisionbylubricating(润滑)andclearingtheeye.(第五段第二句)”可知，

25、LionelSebbag会同意眼泪能润滑和清洁眼睛这种说法。故选C。8答案与解析：C标题概括题。该题问的是这篇文章的最佳标题是什么。通读全文内容尤其是关键句“Anewstudy, publishedthisweekinthejournalFrontiersinVeterinaryScience, revealsthatnonhumananimalstearsarenotsodifferentfromourown.Thechemicalsimilaritiesaresogreat, infact, thatthecompositionofotherspeciestearsandhowtheyre

26、adaptedtotheirenvironmentsmayprovideinsightsintobettertreatmentsforhumaneyedisease.(第一段)”可知，文章主要介绍了动物的眼泪与人类的眼泪并没有太大不同，而且对于其他物种眼泪的研究可能为更好地治疗人类眼部疾病提供了思路。C项“动物的眼泪预示着新的治疗方法”能概括文章大意，适合做本文的标题。故选C。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然保护环境垃圾问题【文章大意】本篇文章说明在我们所扔的垃圾中，不同的垃圾被分解时需要的时间不同，我们也不能仅凭垃圾被分解时需要的时间判断其严重性，我们要爱护环境、合法扔垃圾。9答案与解析

27、：C考查理解词汇的能力。根据画线词前的“admitting to littering”可知，此处表示被丢弃的香蕉皮，故选C项。10答案与解析：A考查推断的能力。根据第一段最后一句可知，plasticbottles和glassbottles的生物降解时间最长。故选A项。11答案与解析：C考查理解具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的“tokeepourstreetscleanannuallycostsUKtaxpayers500million”可知，每年英国纳税人需花费5亿英镑来保持街道干净。故选C项。12答案与解析：B考查理解目的的能力。根据全文所述可知，在我们所扔的垃圾中，不同的垃圾被分解时需要的时间不同，我们也不能仅凭垃圾被分解时需要的时间判断其严重性。故该篇文章旨在号召大家合法扔垃圾。故选B项。