2022届新高考英语人教版二轮复习学案-1.2.1细节理解题-据文比对定答案.docx

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1、第二部分怎样准解题揭秘答题规律， 科学备战高考阅读理解占据着高考试卷的第一部分，所占的分数比重也是最大。 “良好的开端是成功的一半”， 阅读理解解答的顺利与否直接影响着后面其他试题的答题时间和答题心态。 准做、快做阅读理解试题， 为攻克后面的题目节省时间。策略在手有的放矢， 备考无忧第一讲细节理解题据文比对定答案细节理解题在英语高考阅读理解中占了较大的比重，而且此类题型相对比较简单，只需要根据题干中的关键词，回到原文中定位信息区间，稍加比对，就能得出答案。因此，对于这类题目要力求读得快、找得准、答得对，力争不丢分，保住基本分才能得高分。近3年全国卷考情分析全国卷细节理解题题量统计命题专家有话说

2、高考状元传经验年份卷别202120202019(1)命题人员会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节。(2)细节理解题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右，是做好阅读理解的拿分题。采用寻读法，解题分三步：1先读题干，抓住关键词；2带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子；3仔细对比选项和原文信息，继而找出答案。新高考卷78/全国卷778全国卷687全国卷/78知答题方略“两关注”“一防范”巧解细节理解题1两关注：关注正确选项的特征：一是同义词替换或释义，即把文中语言(

3、词汇和结构)改头换面，来表达相同的意思；二是对文章信息的综合理解和推断归纳。2一防范：防范干扰选项的逼真性，稍有不慎就会落入命题人设置的陷阱中。在做间接信息题时，要根据所找信息，分析选项，对比其中所用词汇，避免误选答案。必要时要对原文信息进行归结，然后比对选项，进而选出正确答案。明命题方式直接细节题常见设问方式：Which activity will you choose if.?What will you/the students do.?When can you.?Where can you.?Who will.?间接细节题常见设问方式：Which of the following bes

4、t describes.?How does the writer recommend.to readers？技法1 原词复现题干中的关键词与原文信息重复典例2021全国乙卷阅读APeople have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 AD., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the worlds best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.

5、 Romes Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50，000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the citys Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250，000 people21How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?A. 104，944.B. 107，601.C. About 150，000. D. About 250，000.【破题关键点】

6、第一步找出题干关键词people; Circus Maximus第二步定位到原文，寻找相关信息关键句为本段的最后一句“However, that was small fry compared with the citys Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250，000 people.”第三步比对选项确定答案Circus Maximus可容纳大约250，000人自主解答：_技法2 原词复现选项中的关键词与原文信息重复典例2020全国卷阅读BWhen “Rise of the Planet of the Apes” was first shown

7、 to the public last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they werent there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using r

8、eal apes(猿)！”24Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard?A.To see famous film stars.BTo oppose wearing fur coats.CTo raise money for animal protection.DTo express thanks to some filmmakers.【破题关键点】第一步审题目找出选项关键词express thanks to第二步定位到原文，寻找相关信息根据文中的“Instead，one activist, dressed in a f

9、ullbody monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers：Thanks for not using real apes(猿)！”可知。第三步比对选项确定答案动物保护者在Hollywood Boulevard集会是为了向一些电影制片人表示感谢。自主解答：_技法3 同义对应题干中的关键词与原文信息对应典例2020全国卷DDr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a liv

10、ing as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders，” Dr.Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea.”34Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?AThey could walk on stilts all day.BT

11、hey had a superb way of fishing.CThey could stay long underwater.DThey lived on both land and water.【破题关键点】第一步审题目找出题干关键词astonished第二步定位到原文，寻找相关信息根据文中的“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders”可知。第三步比对选项确定答案年轻的Jubilado对巴瑶族人惊讶不已的地方在于他们可以在水下待很长的时间。自主解答：_技法4

12、同义对应选项中的关键词与原文信息对应典例2021全国卷乙阅读DDuring an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction (干扰) in his open office, he said, “Thats why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street so I can focus” His comment s

13、truck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout (布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.32Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space?A. It helps him concentrateB. It blocks out background noise.C. It has a pleasant a

14、tmosphere.D. It encourages face-to-face interactions.【破题关键点】第一步审题目找出选项关键词concentrate第二步定位到原文，寻找相关信息根据文中的“Thats why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street so I can focus.”可知。第三步比对选项确定答案面试官更喜欢共享办公空间的原因是有助于他们集中注意力，本题命题人将原文中的focus替换为近义词concentrate。自主解答：_A2021威海市高三一轮检测Lake Tahoe Hel

15、icopter Tours1901 Airport Rd. Suite 106South Lake Tahoe, CA 96150Listing ID: A 771909Phone: 4178230981TollFree.: 18009879852Head out to Lake Tahoe on an exciting helicopter tour where you and your loved ones can relax and create new memories!Meet your flight crew at the local airport before flying u

16、p into the sky. On this adventure, guests of all ages will enjoy a thrilling adventure combined with fantastic views.Your flight takes place on an impressive Robinson R44 Raven . The helicopter features bubble windows for some awesome views as well as air conditioning so you and your loved ones will

17、 remain comfortable. Visitors who wish to photograph the views can even request to have the door removed for the duration of the flight.There are several different tours available to choose from.Emerald Bay TourThis exciting tour allows visitors to see places such as Fallen Leaf Lake, Emerald Bay, E

18、agle Falls, and more. Visitors will enjoy a ten-minute helicopter tour to see these places as well as Taylor Creek and Pope Beach.Zephyr Cove TourThis tour features some of the most beautiful landmarks in the Lake Tahoe area. Guests will enjoy seeing Zephyr Cove, Fallen Leaf Lake, Cascade Lake, and

19、Emerald Bay. The tour lasts approximately 20 minutes.Lakes & Waterfalls TourFor those who love sparkling lakes and cascading waterfalls, this Lakes & Waterfalls Tour is a great option. During this 30-minute adventure, guests will be treated to views of Glen Alpine Creek, Fallen Leaf Lake, Emerald Ba

20、y, and the nearly 10，000 foot Pyramid Peak.Circle the Lake TourThe Circle the Lake Tour takes approximately 45 minutes. During this adventure, guests will be treated to views of Lake Tahoes expansive 72-mile shoreline. See Emerald Bay, Lake Tahoe, and more.1What can we learn about the helicopter tou

21、rs?AIts too thrilling for the old.BThe door is open during the flight.CVisitors need training before boarding.DBubble windows ensure a better view onboard.2How long will it take to get a birds-eye view of Lake Tahoes shoreline?A10 minutes. B20 minutes.C30 minutes. D45 minutes.3What else would touris

22、ts like to know about the helicopter tours?ADescription. BLocation.CContact. DSchedule.B2021重庆市第二次调研Recently Meituan co-published a proposal with a number of business organizations, including China General Chamber of Commerce and China Cuisine Association, calling on restaurants to stop food waste a

23、nd help cultivate new eating habits for customers. “Restaurants should innovate means of publicity using official accounts on social media and live-streaming to promote and advocate food-saving actions，” the proposal said.Meituan and the organizations are advocating that merchants offer guidance for

24、 consumers, including reminding them during the ordering process about the taste of the ingredients, portion sizes and other information about the dishes, to help them avoid food waste due to misleading information.Catering (饮食服务) associations in more than 18 provinces have also joined the campaign

25、to eliminate food waste. The China Cuisine Association announced that it had teamed up with Ele. me, the Alibaba Group Holding-owned food delivery platform, to launch a “half-dish plan”， encouraging restaurants to provide customers with the option to order smaller portions. The Wuhan Catering Associ

26、ation proposed an “N1” ordering code for restaurants in which a group of 10 diners would only order enough for nine people. More food is only brought to the table if required.To curb portrayals of food waste on social media platforms, popular Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou have

27、stepped up content reviews of food-related live streams and implemented regulation of online eating shows. Now if users search certain key words, such as “eating show” or “competitive eaters”， a cautionary message pops up to remind them to cherish food and maintain a reasonable diet.4Why did Meituan

28、 start such a proposal?ATo popularize itself.BTo save itself.CTo mislead the public.DTo prevent food waste.5What can be inferred from the passage?AWuhan Catering Associations proposal was a good practice.B.The “half-dish plan” functioned better than the “N1” ordering code.CMeituan met with some mana

29、gement challenges.DCustomers are required to order smaller portions.6Which of the following is true?AMeituan releases some misleading food information.BMore food is welcome when we treat our dear friends.CFew organizations realized the importance of food waste.D.Online eating shows are monitored via

30、 media platforms.7How many good means of avoiding food waste are mentioned here?ANone. BTwo.CThree. DFive.专题一阅读理解先检索再加工第二部分怎样准解题第一讲细节理解题据文比对定答案研磨真题提升审题能力技法1答案：D技法2答案：D技法3答案：C技法4答案：A随堂落实创新应用体验A【文章大意】本文是一则广告，主要介绍了美国太浩湖直升机之旅的相关信息。1答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据关键句“The helicopter features bubble windows for some aweso

31、me views as well as air conditioning so you and your loved ones will remain comfortable.”(第三段第二句)可知，在此次直升机之旅中，气泡窗可确保游客在飞行过程中看到很不错的风景。故选D。2答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据关键句“The Circle the Lake Tour takes approximately 45 minutes. During this adventure, guests will be treated to views of Lake Tahoes expansive 72mile

32、 shoreline.”(最后一段第一、二句)可知，俯瞰太浩湖的湖滨线需要45分钟。故选D。3答案与解析：D细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了美国太浩湖直升机之旅的概况、位置和联系方式。由此可推知，除此之外，游客可能还想知道此次旅行的日程安排。故选D。B语篇类型：新闻报道主题语境：人与社会社会问题减少食物浪费的呼吁【文章大意】美团和其他企业组织发起倡议，号召餐馆停止食物浪费，帮助顾客培养新的饮食习惯，文章提到了针对避免食物浪费的一些提议和举措。4答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“calling on restaurants to stop food waste and h

33、elp cultivate new eating habits for customers”可知，其目的是阻止食物浪费。5答案与解析：A考查推断的能力。根据第三段内容可知，武汉餐饮协会采用“N1”点餐模式是符合减少食物浪费的倡议的，故可推断这是个不错的实践；D项说得太绝对，顾客没有被要求点更少量的餐，而是被鼓励这样做。6答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第四段中的“Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou have stepped up content reviews of foodrelated live streams

34、and implemented regulation of online eating shows”可知，D项“网上的吃播通过社交平台受到监管”正确。7答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。第一段中提到“using official accounts.advocate foodsaving actions”；第二段中提到“merchants offer guidance for consumers”；第三段中提到“halfdish plan”和“N1ordering code”；第四段中提到“stepped up content reviews of foodrelated live streams”，故文章总共提到五种方法。