重庆市乌江新高考协作体2023-2024学年高三上学期12月期中英语试卷含答案.pdf

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1、英语试卷第 1 页 共 11 页2023-2024 学年（上）期中学业质量联合调研抽测高三英语试题高三英语试题（分数：120 分，时间：100 分钟）第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASTEM Summer Programs for High School StudentsSTEM is a term that stands for science,technology,engineering,and mathema

2、tics.Here is a list of some of the best STEM summer camps for high school students.Future Matters ProgramIt is an 8-week paid summer research experience for high school students.This is a hands-on program for students interested in going after a career in medical research.Students will attend semina

3、rs led by the faculty and participate in discussions with peers.Simons Summer ResearchIt is a seven-week program located at Stony Brook University.Students will have the opportunity to participate in special workshops,tours and events free of charge.They will conclude the program producing a written

4、 research abstract and a research poster.Research Science InstituteIt is the first cost-free summer program of its kind.During this six-week program,students will dive deeper into the world of science and engineering by experiencing the entire research cycle.In this program students will attend clas

5、ses conducted by famous professors and prepare written and oral presentations to present their research.Program in Math for Young ScientistsThis is a six-week intensive mathematics program designed for students across the globe.Unlike common programs,it offers a great deal of independence for studen

6、ts to choose their own schedules and decide what they 第 2 页 共 11 页want to study.Besides learning,there is also“mandatory(强制的)fun time”built into the weekly schedule so that students are able to have non-math related activities.1Which program best suits students who want to be doctors?AFuture Matters

7、 Program.BSimons Summer Research.CResearch Science Institute.DProgram in Math for Young Scientists.2What do Simons Summer Research and Research Science Institute have in common?AThe topic.BThe expense.CThe duration.DThe content.3Whats special in Program in Math for Young Scientists?ACultivating inde

8、pendent skills.BAttending non-math activities.CTailoring personal schedules.DEnrolling international students.BAs the saying goes,“Give a man a fish,and you feed him for a day.Teach a man to fish,and you feed him for a lifetime.”This is the way the charity organization Heifer International(国际小母牛慈善组织

9、)wants to end world hunger.It began in the 1930s when an American farmer,Dan West,went to Spain to help people in need.He tried to feed the people with milk.But it seemed that there would never be enough milk.It made him think that what they needed was“not a cup,but a cow”.Dan West returned to Ameri

10、ca.He worked together with some friends to find ways to end hunger.He believed giving animals and providing training would stop world hunger.With his help,Heifer International was set up.On Heifer Internationals website,you will see a list of animals like cows,chickens,pigs and even fish and bees.Yo

11、u can offer help by buying some animals for one certain family.Those animals will have babies.With more and more animals,these families will be able to support themselves.Once these families get better lives,they will pass on the act of kindness to others.More importantly,you are buying the resource

12、s(资源)for programs run by Heifer International to help more families.The programs also help small-sized farms.As a rule,each farmer must give his animals first female(雄性)baby to another in need.Heifer International also provides training on animals health and feeding.And these farmers all agree to te

13、ach others what they have learned as another rule.However,there is still a long way to go.The milk may run out.But if families have their own cows,they can get plenty of milk to feed themselves.The organization wants the farmers to go on working together,helping each 英语试卷第 3 页 共 11 页other and learni

14、ng from each other.Maybe hunger can really be stopped.4According to the passage,we know that Dan West_.Aset up a team in SpainBhelped people with enough fishCwas a Spanish farmerDhelped set up Heifer International5Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the charity organization Heifer International

15、?AHeifer International makes a list of animals on its website.BFarmers in the program must teach others how to feed animals.CFarmers in the program must give all the animals babies to others.DHeifer Intermational provides training on animals health and feeding.6If we put the passage into four parts,

16、which of the following is the best?（=Para.1=Para.2=Para.3=Para.4=Para.5=Para.6）A；B；C；D；7The best title of this passage may be“_”AAdvice on Feeding CowsBA Cow Instead of a CupCThe Charity OrganizationsDAn American FarmerCColin Chapman,the founder of Lotus Cars,was once of motor racings most influenti

17、al engineers.Between 1962 and 1978 Lotus won seven Formula One constructors championships.He summed up his philosophy as“simplify,then add lightness”.It appears to be an uncommon insight.A paper published in Nature suggests that humans struggle with subtractive(减法的)thinking.When asked to improve som

18、ething,they tend to suggest adding new things rather than removing what is already there,even when additions lead to subpar(低于标准的)results.The research was motivated by everyday observation rather than psychological theory,says Gabrielle Adams,the papers first author,who cites folk wisdom such as“les

19、s is more”and“keep it simple”.Perhaps the need for such reminders was evidence of a blind spot in peoples thinking?Along with colleagues at the University of Virginia,Dr.Adams conducted a series of observational studies.In one,when participants were asked to alter an essay they had written,16%cut wo

20、rds while 80%added them.Others gave similar results.Of 827 suggestions received by the new boss of an American university for how the institution could be improved,581 involved adding new things and just 70 suggested removing something.英语试卷第 4 页 共 11 页Having established that addition does indeed see

21、m to be more popular than subtraction,the next step was to work out why.One possibility was that people were considering subtractive options,but deliberately choosing not to pursue them.Another was that they were not even thinking of them in the first place.Lets enter a new set of experiments.One ex

22、periment asked participants to redesign a lopsided(不平衡的)Lego structure so that it could support a house-brick.Participants could earn a dollar for fixing the problem,but each piece of Lego they added cut that reward by ten cents.Even then,only 41%worked out that simplifying the structure by removing

23、 a single block,rather than strengthening it by adding more,which was the way to maximise the payout.Another example,asking people to make a golf course worse rather than better did not change their preference for additions,which suggested that many were simply not thinking of the possibility,at lea

24、st at first.What all this amounts to,says Benjamin Converse,another of the studys authors,is evidence for a new entry in the list of“cognitive biases”that skew(歪曲)how humans think.Instead of thinking a problem through and coming up with an ideal solution,they tend to use cognitive shortcuts that are

25、 fast and mostly“good enough”in their mind.Such research has inspired an entire field dedicated to working out when such shortcuts lead people astray(迷失).Dr.Adams and her colleagues,meanwhile,are keen to investigate their result thoroughly.One question is whether the preference for addition is inbor

26、n or learned.8Why does the author mention the story of Colin Chapman?ATo provide evidence.BTo highlight the experience.CTo present background information.DTo introduce the topic of the passage.9Which of the following is correct according to the passage?APeople prefer additions to subtractions in mos

27、t situationsBThe philosophy“less is more”is well-received for long.CStrengthening the structure is the way to maximize the payout.DPeople tend to use shortcuts and come up with ideal solutions.10What does the study propose?AA way that people automatically think.BA fact that people routinely forget.英

28、语试卷第 5 页 共 11 页CA view that shortcuts are good enough.DA point that addition is always better.11What are Dr.Adams and his colleagues likely to study next?AThe benefits of subtractions for people.BThe ways of changing how people think.CThe details of the preference for addition.DThe influence of cogn

29、itive biases on people.DWho has no regrets about things done in the past?Wouldnt it be nice if,somehow,we could go back to change a couple of bad decisions?This sounds like science fiction.The laws of physics prohibit traveling back in time for many reasons.If we did travel back in time and changed

30、the course of events,we would be altering the course of history.An example often cited is the grandfathers paradox(悖论):If your grandfather died when he was still a high school student,he wouldnt have met your grandmother and your father and you wouldnt exist.Putting humans or consciousness traveling

31、 back in time aside for the moment,is there anything in science even similar?Surprisingly,yes.At the level of quantum particles(量子粒子),there is something called Wheelers delayed-choice experiments that show that actions in the present can influence the past.The experiments use something called the wa

32、ve-particle duality(波粒二象性)of light and of matter.The fact that the physical nature of quantum objects is undetermined until it is measured.In other words,this means that a particle of light or of matter can behave either as a wave(spreading out in space)or as a particle(staying together)depending on

33、 the measuring devices.Long and ongoing discussions about the nature of quantum physics are still trying to work out what this actually means.Do our minds determine the nature of physical reality?Should we offer food for thought for the future or the past?Unfortunately,these experiments say very lit

34、tle about how we could interfere with the past in events relevant to the human scale.Better to think carefully about decisions than to try to fix them backwards.12Whats the purpose of mentioning the paradox?ATo show it is interesting.BTo explain Wheelers tests.CTo demonstrate time is different from

35、what we have known.DTo show its impossible to travel back in time.英语试卷第 6 页 共 11 页13What can we infer from paragraph 3?AConsciousness traveling back in time was tried in the experiments.BDifferent measuring devices have the same result.CMore research is needed in the future.DThese experiments can de

36、termine the nature of matter.14Which can best summarize the last paragraph?AWe should focus on the present.BThe future food is more nutritious.CWe can change the past from the experiments.DIt is never too late to make up for mistakes.15Which can be a suitable title for the text?AIs changing the past

37、 wise?BCan we change the past?CDo our minds determine the future?DDo the laws of physics ban traveling back?第二节（共 5 小题：每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。When we walk the“path of life”,social life is very important.More often than not,close friendships can help us smooth o

38、ut the sometimes rock y road that we are meant to travel.16 :they may comfort the heart,advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves.Through friendship,we can become happier,wiser and more satisfied humans.The first fruit is that they can comfort the heart,because the peace com

39、es from having someone with whom we share our joy,sadness,success and failure.Here,friendship has a double advantage-happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved!Naturally,this kind of openness results from a close friendship.With true friends,we feel free to sh

40、are our joy and sadness in full measure.We know that our friends will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness.17 The second one is 18 We often find it easier to recognize other peoples weaknesses than our own.As a result,if we are guided only by our own feelings,our judgeme

41、nts might be one-sided.On the other hand,our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions that we all have to make.Also,when we want to talk our problems over with a friend,we have to put our thoughts into words first.This alone helps make our thoughts 英语试卷第 7 页 共 11 页clearer and b

42、rings us a more thorough understanding of our problems.The third one is that they can help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves 19 Sometimes a friend is even known as our“second self”.There are so many things in life that can only be achieved with the help of friends.Friends may have many diffe

43、rent ideas and skills.They can help us achieve what we want during life and,perhaps,even after death.Finally,it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.If we want to better walk the“path of life”with the comfort,advice and help from our truste

44、d friends,20 AHowever,when we seek to be alone,we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world.Bbecause friends may offer help in many different ways.CIn general,close friendships have three main“fruits”.Dwe should choose friends and develop relationships carefully.EIndeed,the hum

45、an heart depends on such opportunities for comfort and protection.Fthat they can advise the head because we may have better understanding and judgement that are achieved through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends.Gquiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement.第三部分 语言运用（共

46、两节，满分 30 分）第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Before I started high school my parents gave me the greatest gift any teenage boy could ask for:a cell phone.I 21 that phone all summer.To me,being connected was more important than being present.S

47、o,you can imagine my 22 when I learned what my dad had 23 for my family vacation that year.“This year,”my dad said,“We are going camping!”His excitement was met with a disappointing sigh（叹气）.24 ,he wasnt upset.The views during the trip were amazing,but none of those mattered to me.My mind was on my

48、phone.I remembered the first time I looked up was for something shockingmy phone had no service.My dad said that it would be 25 until we returned home.I would be 26 in the forest for four days with no way to contact the outside world.I went to bed angry that night.But something 27 when I awoke in th

49、e morning.28 immediately burying my head in my phone,I 29 something else:my surroundings.As my dad and I walked the trails（小路），I felt the weight of tons of stress off my shoulders.I realized being 30 to nature made me focus more on myself.I let my mind speak to me and listened to 英语试卷第 8 页 共 11 页my

50、feelings.I had been so focused on staying connected that I hadnt been hearing my own 31 .That was 15 years ago,and I carry that 32 to this day.When I received my first work email.I 33 the reason why my dad chose a campsite with no access to technology.In a world that asks for more connectivity,the n