【课件】Unit4Reading+and+thinking+课件人教版（2019）必修第一册+.pptx

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1、Unit 4Unit 4UNIT 4 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERSNATURAL DISASTERSDescribe a natural disasterToreadnewsreportaboutTangshanearthquake.Tousecontexttounderstandnewwordsandexpressions,predictingbeforereading,summarizingthemainideaofeachparagraph.Todescribeandtalkaboutanaturaldisaster.List the natural disaster

2、s you know.earthquaketornadowildfiredroughtlandslidetsunamifloodvolcaniceruptionLead-inWhatcanhappentoacityduringabigearthquake?Whatcanhappentoacityduringabigearthquake?Buildingswill_ Peoplewillbe_ Thecitywillbe_ falldown/bedestroyeddeadorbadlyinjuredinruinsThebridgewillbe_ collapsedPre-reading:Make

3、aPredictionTHENIGHTTHEEARTHDIDNTSLEEPWhy“theearthdidntsleep”?Whathappenedtotheearth?Lookatthetitleandthephotobelowandguesswhatthetextisabout.THENIGHTTHEEARTHDIDNTSLEEPPre-reading:MakeaPredictionWatchavideoandtalkabouthowyoufeel.THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDNT SLEEPThepassagemainlytalksabouta/an_(what)that

4、happenedin_(where)at_(when).earthquakeTangshan3:42a.m.on28July19761.Whatsthemainideaofthetext?Whilereading-Task1Skimmingformainidea2.Whatkindoftextisit?A.anewsreportB.aliteraryjournalism(报告文学报告文学)C.anovelD.astoryanewsreportanewsreport真实性真实性+客观直接客观直接(语言语言)aliteraryjournalismaliteraryjournalism真实性真实性(

5、historicalevents(historicalevents历史事件历史事件)+)+文学性文学性(语言语言)theearthdidntsleeplayinruinsriversofdirtbrick.likeredautumnleaves.Find out the writing order of this text TimeorderFastreadingseveraldaysagoat3:00amat3:42am laterthatafternoonafterthequakesbeforeearthquakeduringearthquakeafterearthquakedamages

6、signsrescueSkim and find out the topic sentences.ParagraphTopicsentence12345StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedas if theworldwerecomingtoanend.Therewasnothingbutruins.Buthopewasnotlost.Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.好像好像v.

7、复活复活Readthepassagequicklyandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.(P51T3)ReadingformainideasE.Therevivalofthecity.Para.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5A.Theimmediateeffectsofthebigearthquake.B.Thehappeningofthebigearthquake.C.Therescuework.D.Warningsignsbeforetheearthquake.Tip：Togetthemainidea,payattentiontoth

8、ebeginningsentenceineachparagraph.Para.1beforetheearthquakePara.2+3duringtheearthquakePara.4+5aftertheearthquakeUseonewordtosummarizeeachpart.signsdestroyrescueWhilereading-Task2ReadingfordetailsbeforetheearthquakePart1Para.1(语言点解析）StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Forsev

9、eraldays,thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.Thereweredeepcracks(thatappearedinthewellwalls).adj.奇怪的奇怪的;陌生的陌生的was/were doing 过去进行时过去进行时在农村在农村/乡下乡下adj.几个的几个的adv.好好n.井井rise-rose-risen v.升起升起fall v.落下落下 p v.出现，显现出现，显现Para.1(语言点解析）Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.井壁上出现了很深的裂缝。井壁

10、上出现了很深的裂缝。语法精讲语法精讲：that引导的是引导的是什么从句？什么从句？为什么用为什么用that引导？引导？解析：解析：that引导的是引导的是定语从句定语从句依据：依据：that从句位于名词从句位于名词cracks后后,起修饰限定的作用起修饰限定的作用,故为定从故为定从引导词用引导词用that的原因：的原因：cracks(_)appearedinthewellwalls.从句从句缺主缺主语语-指代指代cracks，指物指物-因此可用因此可用that/which来引导来引导Para.1(语言点解析）Atleastonewellhadsomesmellygas(comingoutofi

11、t).Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.至少至少too.to.太太而不能而不能adj.紧张的紧张的refusetodosth.拒绝做某事拒绝做某事smellysmeliadj.难闻的难闻的smellv.闻到；察觉到闻到；察觉到n.臭味；嗅觉臭味；嗅觉Para.1(语言点解析）Miceranoutofthefields(lookingforplacestohide),andfishjumpedoutofthewater.Atabout3:00am.,on28July1976bright

12、lightswereseenintheskyoutsideofthecityofTangshanandloudnoiseswereheard.Butthecitysonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.从从跑出来，用光跑出来，用光寻找寻找 had v.隐藏隐藏n.光光adj.明亮的明亮的be done 被动语态被动语态be done 被动语态被动语态像往常一样像往常一样usualadj.平常的平常的unusualadj.不寻常的不寻常的河北省东北部的农村地区怪事连连：一连几天，村子里的河北省东北部的农村地区怪事连连：一连几天，村子里的井水升升降降

13、，起起伏伏，井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。至井水升升降降，起起伏伏，井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。至少有一口水井的裂缝冒出臭气。鸡甚至猪都焦虑不安，不少有一口水井的裂缝冒出臭气。鸡甚至猪都焦虑不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所，愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所，鱼儿也跳出水面。鱼儿也跳出水面。1976年年7月月28日凌晨日凌晨3:00左右，唐山城左右，唐山城外的天空中出现了耀眼亮光，接着又传来巨大的声响。然外的天空中出现了耀眼亮光，接着又传来巨大的声响。然而，那天晚上城里的百万居民仍像往常一样沉睡在梦乡。而，那天晚上城里的百万居民仍像往常一样沉睡在梦乡。Readi

14、ngfordetailsReadingfordetailsActivity1：ReadPara.1andfindoutthesignsbeforetheearthquake.while-readingSignsbeforetheearthquake8:00am10:00am1The water in the village wells _.roseandfellThe well walls had_deepcracksinthem.2careful readingSignsbeforetheearthquake3.Asmellygascomesoutofthecracks.3Thechicke

15、nsandeventhepigswere_.toonervoustoeatDogs_togoinsidebuildings.refused56Mice_lookingforplacestohide.Fish_theponds.7ranoutofthefieldsjumpedoutof89.People saw _in the sky and heard loud noises.But the one million people were asleep _that night.brightlightsasusual9Q：Whatwasthereaction（反应）（反应）ofthepeople

16、inthecitytowardsthosestrangethings?Peopleignoredthewarningsigns.Sometimesanimalsaremoresensitivethanhumanbeings.While-readingduringtheearthquakePart2At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Para.2(语言点解析）ek v.摇动摇动 shake-shook-shaken Itseemsasif.似乎是似乎是asif/asthough引导表语从句

17、引导表语从句,从句中用陈述语气或虚拟语气。从句中用陈述语气或虚拟语气。【拓展拓展】seem句句型型Itseems/seemed(tosb.)that.(对某人来说对某人来说)好像好像；似乎；似乎凌晨凌晨3:42，万物开始摇晃，仿佛世界末日即将来临！，万物开始摇晃，仿佛世界末日即将来临！cometoanend:tofinish完结完结egEveryonewishesthewarwouldcometoanendsoon.【拓展拓展】常见的含常见的含end的其它短语：的其它短语：attheendof.在在末尾末尾bring/putsth.toanend使使结束结束bytheendof.到到末末int

18、heend最后最后onend连续地连续地Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun,aquake(that even caused damage more than 150kilometresawayinBeijing).Para.2(语言点解析）在城市正下方11千米处adj.致命的致命的;n.地震地震;超过超过;在城市正下方的在城市正下方的11千米处，千米处，20世纪伤害最严重之一世纪伤害最严重之一的地震爆发了，远在的地震爆发了，远在150多

19、千米以外的北京都受到多千米以外的北京都受到了这场地震的破坏，全国几乎三分之一的地区均有了这场地震的破坏，全国几乎三分之一的地区均有震感！震感！Elevenkilometersdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometersawayinBeijing.在城市正下方在城市正下方11公里处，公里处，20世纪最致命的地震之一已经开始，这次世纪最致命的地震之一已经开始，这次地震甚至地震甚至给给150多公里外的北

20、京造成了破坏。多公里外的北京造成了破坏。语法精讲：语法精讲：that引导的是什么从句？为什么用引导的是什么从句？为什么用that引导该从句？引导该从句？语法解析语法解析1：quake是名词是名词-that从句为定语从句从句为定语从句语法解析语法解析2：观察：观察aquak_evencauseddamagemorethan.可知可知从句从句缺主语缺主语-主语指代先行词主语指代先行词quake,为事为事/物物-因此用因此用that/which引导引导Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit!分数表达分数表达P105先先分子，后分母；分子，后分母；分子用基数词，分母用

21、序数词分子用基数词，分母用序数词(子基母序子基母序)。分分子大子大于于1时分母用时分母用复数复数形式。形式。egonefourth；threefifths五分之三五分之三三分之二：三分之二：二又五分之三：二又五分之三：twoandthreefifths二分之一：二分之一：ahalf/onehalf;四分之一：四分之一：onefourth或或aquarter/onequarter四分之一四分之一twothirdsadv.将近将近,差不多差不多nation n.国家国家nationality n.国籍国籍Ahugecrack,eightkilometreslongand30metreswide,c

22、utacrosshouses,roads,andwaterways.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Twothirdsofthepeople(wholivedthere)weredeadorinjured.adj.巨大的巨大的adj.巨大的巨大的 wad少于少于成为废墟成为废墟一条一条8千米长、千米长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横切房屋、道路和水路。坚硬米宽的巨大裂缝横切房屋、道路和水路。坚硬的石山变成了泥沙流。在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为的石山变成了泥沙流。在不到一分钟的时间

23、里，一座大城市沦为废墟。城里三分之二的居民在地震中死亡或受伤。废墟。城里三分之二的居民在地震中死亡或受伤。Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.居住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或受伤。居住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或受伤。语法精讲：语法精讲：who引导的是什么从句？为什么用引导的是什么从句？为什么用who引导？引导？解析解析1：从句从句wholivedthere位于位于n之后之后-是定语从句是定语从句解析解析2：people(_livedthere)从句缺主语从句缺主语-且主语指代先行词且主语指代先行词people,指人指人-用用who

24、引导引导Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.数以千计的孩子失去了父母。数以千计的孩子失去了父母。Thenumberofpeople(whowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequake)wasmorethan400,000.badly adv.非常，极度地非常，极度地be badly injured 严重受伤严重受伤在此次地震中丧亡或身受重伤的人数超过了在此次地震中丧亡或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。万。thenumerof.的数量，做主语时，谓语用的数量，做主语时，谓语用单数单数agreatnumberof+Cpl.许多许多

25、.，大量，大量.，做主语时，谓语用，做主语时，谓语用复复数数语法精讲：语法精讲：who引导的是什么从句？为什么用引导的是什么从句？为什么用who引导？引导？解析解析1：从句位于从句位于n之后之后-是定语从句是定语从句解析解析2：people(_werekilled.)从句缺主语从句缺主语-且主语指代先行词且主语指代先行词people,指人指人-用用who引导引导Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.About75percentofthecitysfactor

26、iesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallof its hospitals were gone.Bricks covered the ground like redautumnleaves,butnowindcouldblowthemaway.Mostbridgeshadfallenorwerenotsafetocross.Therailwaytrackswerenowuselesspiecesofmetal.Para.3(语言点解析）survive v.幸存幸存只有，仅仅只有，仅仅factory n.工厂工厂adj.不复存在的不复存在的v.覆盖覆盖n

27、.地面地面blow away 刮走，吹走刮走，吹走幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟，万物尽毁。幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟，万物尽毁。市内大约市内大约75%的工厂和大楼、的工厂和大楼、90%的住房和的住房和所有的医院都倒塌了。砖块就像秋天的红叶所有的医院都倒塌了。砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面，但是却没有风能将其吹走。大覆盖着地面，但是却没有风能将其吹走。大多数桥梁不是坍塌了就是无法安全通行了。多数桥梁不是坍塌了就是无法安全通行了。铁轨变成了废金属块。铁轨变成了废金属块。everywhere作作连词连词，意为，意为“无论哪里无论哪里”，引导状语从句，引导状语从句分数表达分数表达1)百分之百分之：用：用p

28、ercent。eg65percentofthehouses【拓展拓展】someof,plentyof,alotof,mostof,therestof,allof,halfof,partof以及以及“分数分数/百分数百分数+of+名词名词”做主语时，谓语动词单复数由做主语时，谓语动词单复数由of后面的名词或代词后面的名词或代词的单复数决定。的单复数决定。egAlotofparcels(包裹包裹)aretransportedtoalloverChinaduringthe“Double-11”festivaleveryyear.Alotofmoneyhasbeenwastedfornoreason.

29、Morethan70%ofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredbywater.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)Thisisbecausetwo-thirdsoftheearthssurface_(make)upofvastoceans.2)Morethantwo-thirdsofthestudents_(see)thefilmalready.3)Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhich_(be)savedforotherpurposes.ismadehaveseenwereTensoftho

30、usandsofcows,hundredsofthousandsofpigs,andmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereinshock-andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.数万数万数十万数十万代替，而不是代替，而不是震惊，吃惊震惊，吃惊shake的过去式的过去式数万头奶牛、

31、数万头奶牛、数十万头猪和数百万只鸡也数十万头猪和数百万只鸡也都死掉了。沙子灌满水井，井水消失殆尽。都死掉了。沙子灌满水井，井水消失殆尽。人们惊恐万状，然而临近傍晚时分，又一次人们惊恐万状，然而临近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。更多的楼房倒塌了。强烈的地震撼动唐山。更多的楼房倒塌了。没有水、食物，电也停了。人们心里开始疑没有水、食物，电也停了。人们心里开始疑惑这场灾难还会持续多久。惑这场灾难还会持续多久。electricitywerehardtoget.主语主语+be+adj.+todo主语主语是是adj.去去做某事做某事的的用于该句式的形容词有用于该句式的形容词有easy，difficu

32、lt，hard，interesting，pleasant，comfortable，impossible，safe，fit，dangerous，good，exciting等。等。Thebookisdifficulttounderstand.Thiskindofpaperisnothardenoughtowriteon.Water，food，andelectricitywerehardtoget.变式：变式：It+be+adj.+不定式（含宾语）不定式（含宾语）Themaniseasytogetalongwith.Itiseasytogetalongwiththeman.单句语法填空单句语法填空（

33、1）Thequestionisdifficultforsuchalittleboy_（answer）.（2）Thismachineiseasy_（operate）andanybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.完成句子完成句子（3）这个秘书很不好相处。这个秘书很不好相处。Thesecretaryis_.=_thesecretary.（4）6000米以上的空气很难呼吸。米以上的空气很难呼吸。_toanswertooperateverydifficulttogetalongwithItisverydifficulttogetalongwithItishardtobre

34、athetheairover6，000metres.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.v.持续持续v.想知道想知道wonder v.想知道n.惊讶，惊叹；奇迹；令人惊讶的事物/人PeopleChildrenFactoriesandbuildingsweregoneBricksBridgesTherailwaytracksCows,pigsandchickensWater,food,electricitycoveredthegroundfelldown/notsafetocrossuselessdeadhardtogetleftwith

35、outparentskilledorinjuredAhugecrackcutacrosshouses,roadsandwaterways.HardhillsofrockbecomeriversofdirtAlargecitylayinruinsActivity2:ReadfordetailsReadPara.2&3（deadlydamage）andfillintheblanks.()ItevencauseddamagetoBeijingwhichismorethan150kilometersaway.()Elevenkilometersdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthe

36、mostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturybegan.()Laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain,makingwaterandfoodhardertoget.()Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandwaterways.()Sandfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.21453Read paras 2-3,put the sentences into the

37、 right order.Para 2-3 extreme damage during the earthquakeCircle the numbers in para.2&3 and find the information about them.3:42am11km150km1/38km30m2/3400,00075%90%At 3:42 a.m.,everything began to shake.3:42amEleven kilometers directly below the city11kmThe earthquake even caused damage more than 1

38、50 kilometers away in Beijing.150kmPara 2-3 extreme damage during the earthquakeCircle the numbers in para.2&3 and find the information about them.Nearly one third of the nation felt the earthquake!1/3A huge crack,eight kilometers long8km and 30 meters wide,cut across houses,roads,and waterways.30mT

39、wo thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.2/3The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.400,000About 75 percent of the citys factories and buildings,90 percent of its homes,and all of its hospitals were gone.75%,90%Whatsthefunctionoffi

40、gures(数字、数据数字、数据)?Tostressthespeedoftheearthquakeandthenumberofpeoplewhowereinjuredordead.速度之快以及造成的人员伤亡人数之多速度之快以及造成的人员伤亡人数之多Howdidpeoplefeelatthattime?shockedReadingfordetails(scanning)Readingfordetails(scanning)hopelessWhile-readingaftertheearthquakePart3 It seemed as if the world was at an end!But

41、 hope was not lost!Buthopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthose(whoweretrapped)andtoburythedead.Paara.4(语言点解析）挖掘出挖掘出the+adj.表示一类人表示一类人然而，希望尚存。地震发生后不久，部队派出了然而，希望尚存。地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。掩埋了死者。n.n.军队军队Paara.4(语言点解

42、析）Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150.000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震发生后不久地震发生后不久,军队派遣了军队派遣了15万士兵到唐山挖出被困的人并埋葬万士兵到唐山挖出被困的人并埋葬死者。死者。语法知识语法知识：.todigoutthosewhoweretrapped.whowho引导的是引导的是定语从句定语从句 依据：依据：名词或代词后名词或代词后起起修饰限定作用修饰限定作用的从句的从句是定语从句是定语从句。More than 10,000 doctors a

43、nd nurses came to providemedicalcare.Paara.4(语言点解析）adj.医学的；医疗的医学的；医疗的上万名医疗工作者赶到现场，救死扶伤。上万名医疗工作者赶到现场，救死扶伤。Workers built shelters for survivors(whose homes had beendestroyed).Paara.4(语言点解析）工人为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。工人为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。语法学习：语法学习：survivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyedwhose引导的是引导的是定语定语从句从句依据：位于依据

44、：位于名词名词后，起后，起修饰限定的修饰限定的作用的是定语从句。作用的是定语从句。思考：为什么用思考：为什么用whose引导从句？引导从句？解析：解析：survivors(_)homeshadbeendestroyed先行词先行词?主语主语谓语谓语（被动语态不需宾语）（被动语态不需宾语）定语从句不缺主语定语从句不缺主语/宾语宾语-缺定语，意为缺定语，意为“.的的”,从句与先行词是从句与先行词是所属关系所属关系,用用whosePaara.4(语言点解析）语法练习：语法练习：Thelecture(whosethemeisReading)willbeofgreatbenefittous.这个这个主题

45、为主题为“阅读阅读”的讲座将对我们大有裨益。的讲座将对我们大有裨益。解析：从句位于名词后，起修饰限定的作用，是定语从句解析：从句位于名词后，起修饰限定的作用，是定语从句定语从句定语从句-缺定语（从句与先行词是所属关系）缺定语（从句与先行词是所属关系）-用用whose引导引导Itsthehousewhosedoorispaintedred.这就是那所门涂成红色的房这就是那所门涂成红色的房Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.Slowly,thec

46、itybegantobreatheagain.Paara.4(语言点解析）breath n.数十万的群众获到了帮助，火车、卡车和飞机给城市运数十万的群众获到了帮助，火车、卡车和飞机给城市运来了食物和饮用水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生来了食物和饮用水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。机。bring-brought-brought v.1.1.送送.去到去到.2.2.挖出挖出3.3.被困被困4.4.埋葬死者埋葬死者5.5.提供医疗提供医疗6.6.建造庇护所建造庇护所7.7.被带进被带进8.8.逐渐地逐渐地Para.4(语言点巩固）send.to.digoutbetrappedburythed

47、eadprovidemedicalcarebuildsheltersbebroughtintoslowlyBut hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes,the army sent150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to digoutthose who weretrappedand to burythedead.More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.Workers builtsheltersforsurvivors whose homes h

48、adbeendestroyed.Hundredsofthousandsof people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train,truck,and plane.Slowly,the city began to breatheagain.Para.4(听课文完成句子)Q1:Whocametotherescue?Q2:Whatdidtheydo?.todigoutthose.andtobury.toprovidemedicalcare.built.forsurvivorsRescueSoldiersDoctor

49、sandnursesWorkersDetailsaboutPart3-Te back to life/recoverTangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsof the citys people,a new Tangshan was built upon theearthquakeruins.Thenewcityhasbecomeahometomorethansevenmillionpeople,withgreatimpro

50、vementsintransportation,industry,andenvironment.Para.5(语言点解析）revival n.strength n.strengthen v.n.&v.支持支持n.政府政府-less 具有否定具有否定(不不,无无)的意的意思思adj.不知疲倦的不知疲倦的makeeffortstodosth.尽一切努力做某事尽一切努力做某事的家园的家园be done 被动语态被动语态prep.在在上上 n.改进，改善改进，改善v.improve n./ndstri/工业，行业工业，行业 n.环境环境唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。有了来自唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。有