【课件】Welcome+unit+Discovering+useful+structures+课件人教版（2019）必修第一册+.pptx

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1、Welcome UnitWelcome UnitLearntoknowthebasicsentencestructuresofEnglish.Learntoanalyzethestructureofthesentencesfromthetext.How do you express your ideas,by sentences or words?Sentences.Whatmakesasentence?Whatmakesasentence?Ssubject主语主语Vverb谓语动词谓语动词Oobject宾语宾语Ppredicative表语表语DOdirectobject直接宾语直接宾语IOi

2、ndirectobject间接宾语间接宾语Cobjectcomplement宾语补足语宾语补足语mainelementsAadverbial状语状语attributive定语定语usedtomodifyawordorsentence S主语是句子陈述或说明的对象主语是句子陈述或说明的对象，是是执行执行句子的行为或动作的主体句子的行为或动作的主体Mycatkeepscatchingbirds.SVHeisworking.Hewillcome.SPHeisateacher.Heisfriendly.谓语是主语所做的动作。谓语是主语所做的动作。表语是对主语特征的描述。表语是对主语特征的描述。SVOS

3、PHelooksatatable.Helooksyoung.宾语是动作作用的对象。宾语是动作作用的对象。表语是对主语特征的描述。表语是对主语特征的描述。表语前的动词叫系动词。表语前的动词叫系动词。SVOOHegivesmeapen.间接宾语通常是人，直接宾语通常是物。间接宾语通常是人，直接宾语通常是物。SVOCHeasksustotakeanotebook.宾语补足语补充说明宾语的动作或状态。宾语补足语补充说明宾语的动作或状态。Hetalkedtoomuch.状语修饰动词，形容词、副词或整个句子。状语修饰动词，形容词、副词或整个句子。状语状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、说明地点、时

4、间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让让步及方式等的步及方式等的副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当SVAIhadmyfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool.SVOADiscoveringUsefulStructuressubject:the noun group that refers to the person or thing that is doing the action expressed by the verb.主语是句子陈述或说明的对象，是执行句子的行

5、为或动作的主体，如：My cat keeps catching birds.my cat 为主语object:the word or phrase which completes the structure begun by the verb or preposition.宾语完成由动词或介词开始的结构的单词或短语，如：They asked to see my passport.to see my passport是动词asked的宾语，这是动宾结构 Did you write down what he said?what he said是介词down的宾语，这是介宾结构verb:word w

6、hich is used with a subject to say what someone or something does or what happens to them,or to give information about them.谓语动词与主语连用，表示某人或某事做了什么或发生了什么，如：Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.were produced为谓语动词predicative:是指说明主语的身份、特征和状态的词或从句，表语常放在be动词后，由名词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、不定式来充当，如：Our duty

7、 is to make our environment better.to make 作表语DiscoveringUsefulStructuresadverbial:状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步及方式等的副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。如：The boy was praised for his bravery.for his bravery是介词短语，在句中作原因状语direct object:directly affected by or involved in the action performed by the subjec

8、t，直接受主语行为影响或参与主体行为的物，如：She wrote me a letter.a letter为直接宾语，受动词wrote的直接影响indirect objectve:used with a transitive verb to indicate who benefits from an action or gets something as a result，表示从一个动作中受益或因此得到某物的人，如：Show me your ticket.me为间接宾语，your ticket是直接宾语object complement:用在宾语语之后补充说明宾语情况的成分，它由名词、形容词、

9、副词、动词不定式等构成，与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，如：I find learning English difficult.difficult是宾补，与宾语learning English是逻辑主谓关系 I saw the kite up and down.up and down是宾补，与宾语the kite是逻辑主谓关系DiscoveringUsefulStructures在基本的句子成分之外，还有在高中阶段经常使用的attriutive定语和appositive 同位语。atttributive 定语：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。主要由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词

10、短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。如：There is nothing to do today.to do为定语，修饰名词nothingThe pen bought by her is made in China.bought by her 为定语，修饰名词penappositive 同位语：一个名词(或句子)对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明，这个名词（或句子）就是同位语。如：Mr.Smith,our new teacher,is very kind to us.our new teacher是主语Mr.Smith 的同位语，指同一人。Pe

11、ople,old and young,took to the streets to watch the parade.old and young是people的同位语The news that our team has won the match is true.that our team has won the match是同位语从句，解释说明news的内容。SVSVOSVIODOSPSVOC主语主语+谓语谓语主语主语+表语表语主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语主语主语+谓语谓语+双宾语双宾语主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾补宾补SVA主语主语+谓语谓语+状语状语主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+状语

12、状语SVOAStudy the sentence structuresTherebeAll of us laughed!I miss my grandma.The teacher was kind and friendly.He told us a funny story.I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.He talked too much.I had my first maths class at senior high school.Theres a lot to explore at seni

13、or high.主谓主谓：主语主语+谓语谓语(SV)。谓语一般是不及物动词。谓语一般是不及物动词。egLindasmiled.Thebabyissleeping.主系表：主系表：主语主语+连系动词连系动词+表语表语(SP)。egTheyarefriends.Thedishsmellsgood.简单句基本句型简单句基本句型 主谓宾：主谓宾：主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语(SVO)。谓语是及物动词。谓语是及物动词。egMikewillfixeverything.Jefflovesswimming.主谓宾宾：主谓宾宾：主语主语+谓语谓语+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语(SVOO)。谓语是。谓语是可

14、跟双宾语的及物动词。可跟双宾语的及物动词。egAlexgavehissisterthepiano.Maryhandedmetheletter.主谓宾补：主谓宾补：主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+补语补语(SVOC)。谓语是可跟复合宾。谓语是可跟复合宾语的及物动词。语的及物动词。egIfoundthebookeasy.TheycalledtheirdaughterAmy.Therebe：There+be+主语主语+其它。主语是其后的名词，其它。主语是其后的名词，be动动词形式根据主语的单复数而定。除词形式根据主语的单复数而定。除be外，外，sound,look,seem,appear,lie,st

15、and等，也可用于此结构。等，也可用于此结构。egThereisabookonthetable.Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwithme.由由SV和和SVO扩展：扩展：主谓状：主谓状：主语主语+谓语谓语+状语状语(SVA)。谓语为不及物动词。谓语为不及物动词。egHetalkedtoomuch.主谓宾状：主谓宾状：主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+状语状语(SVOA)。egIhadmyfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool.DiscoveringUsefulStructuresSentencestructuresentencesSVSVOSP

16、SVIODOSVOCSVASVOATherebe.Allofuslaughed.mygrandma.missedITheteacherkindandfriendly.Hetoldusafunnystory.Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.Hetalkedtoomuch.Ihadmyfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool.Thereisalottoexploreatseniorhigh.was【语境应用语境应用】写出句子结构类型。写出句子结构类型。1)Everybodysmiled.2)The

17、carcaughtfire.3)Didthemilkturnsour?4)Heboughthiswifeadress.5)Royfoundhisnewjobratherboring.6)Yourbrothergotupat10oclock.7)IhaventseenDanielforlong.8)Arethereanygardensinthetown?SVSVOSPSVOOSVOCSVASVOAtherebe完成句子。完成句子。1)There_(be)anEnglishcornerinourschool.2)There_(be)anumberofstudentscomingfromforeig

18、ncountries.3)There_(be)muchtimeforustothinkofagoodidea.4)There_(be)achildandacoupleintheroom.isareisis1.The100-year-oldschoolliesinthecenterofthecity.2.Wemustact.3.Themathshomeworklookseasy.4.Theteacherfoundtheclassroomempty.5.Mymumboughtmeanewdictionary.ThemathshomeworkRead the sentences and analyz

19、e the structures.SVIODOSVOCSVSPSVAThe100-year-oldschoollies inthecenterofthecityWe mustactlookseasyTheteacherfound theclassroomemptyMymum bought me anewdictionary6.Tomislookingforwardtomeetingthenewexchangestudent.7.ThereisanEnglishCorneratourschool.8.Wehadchemistryinthenewlybuiltlab.SVOTherebeSVOAa

20、dv.向前向前;前进前进adj.向前的向前的;前进的前进的Tom islookingforwardtomeetingthenewexchangestudentThereisWe had chemistry inthenewlybuiltlabHowwouldyouliketogotoschoolandtraveltheworldatthesametime?ForTim,thatdreamhascometrue!Thisterm,Timandhisclassmatesarelivingonaship!Theytakethesamesubjectsasyoudo,likemathsandEngli

21、sh.Theyalsolearnaboutshipsandthesea.Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences.SVSVASVOTimwriteshisparentsanemaileveryweekandtellsthemwhathappenedontheship.Timloveslivingontheship.Theresalwayssomethingexcitingtodo.And,afteralongdayofstudy,helikestowatchthesungodownandwai

22、tforthestarstocomeout.Studyinganddoinghomeworkseemmuchmorefunwhenyouareatsea!SVIODOVIODOTherebeSPTomislookingforwardtomeetingthenewexchangestudent.lookforwardto:to be excited and pleased about something that is going to happen 期待期待;盼望盼望(to为介词，后跟名词或动词为介词，后跟名词或动词-ing形式形式)egMotortradersarelookingforwar

23、dtoafurtherincreaseinvehiclesales.Hewaslookingforwardtoworkingwiththenewmanager.【拓展拓展】look短语：短语：lookback(on/tosth.)回想，记起回想，记起lookthroughsth.仔细检查，快递阅读仔细检查，快递阅读(某物某物)lookdownon/upon轻视，看不起轻视，看不起lookinto调查调查lookout小心，当心小心，当心lookon旁观旁观【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)接下来一个月，我希望多点时间和我的家人相处。接下来一个月，我希望多点时间和我的家人相处。Inth

24、ecomingmonths,I_.2)Iamlookingforwardto_(meet)younexttime.3)SarahThomasis_(盼望盼望)thechallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.lookforwardtospendingmoretimewithmyfamilymeetinglookingforwardto基本句型：基本句型：一、主谓一、主谓SV二、二、主主(系系)表表SP三、主谓宾三、主谓宾SVO四、主谓宾宾四、主谓宾宾SVOO五、主谓宾补五、主谓宾补SVOC六、主谓状六、主谓状SVA七、主谓宾状七、主谓宾状SVOA八、八、therebe结构结构

25、 Read the sentences and analyze the structures.Imnotoutgoing.Theteacherwaskindandfriendly.Hetoldafunnystory.Everyonelaughed.Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.Ididntfeelawkwardorfrightened.Hetoldusfunnystories.SVOOSPSVOCSVSVOSPSPIcouldntconcentrateontheexperiment.Ifeltmuchmoreconf

26、ident.Iwanttomakeagoodfirstimpression.Tomorrowwillbegreat.Imissmyfriendsfromjuniorhighschool.Wehadourchemistryclassinthesciencelab.SVOSPSVOSPSVOSVOAComplete sentences with the verbs in the brackets in proper structures.1.Ihopemydream_(cometrue).SV2.I_(lookforwardto).SVO3.LearningEnglish_(seem).SP4.They_(live).SVA5.He_(show).SVOOwillcometruelookforwardtoyourletterseemsinterestingarelivinginthecityshowedushispicturesWritesentencesaboutyourfirstdayatseniorhighschoolindifferentsentencestructures.