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1、专题10 阅读理解应用文（解析版）全国各地历年高考真题全收录一、 2023年高考真题（一） 2023新高考全国卷A第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABike Rental & Guided ToursWelcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the c

2、ity, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.Why MacBikeMacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at

3、strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and childrens bikes.PricesHand Brake, Three GearsFoot Brake, No Gears1

4、 hour7.505.003 hours11.007.501 day (24 hours)14.759.75Each additional day8.006.00Guided City ToursThe 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day.

5、You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.1. What is an advantage of MacBike?A. It gives children a discount.B. It of offers many types of bikes.C. It organizes free cycle tours.D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears

6、 for two days?A. 15.75.B. 19.50.C. 22.75.D. 29.50.3. Where does the guided city tour start?A. The Gooyer, Windmill.B. The Skinny Bridge.C. Heineken Brewery.D. Dam Square.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide

7、 variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and childrens bikes. (我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需

8、要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。（二） 2023新高考全国卷A第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AYellowstone National Park offers a variety of ra

9、nger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)Whether youre hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the parks amazing wildlife from the road

10、, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of

11、 Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center. Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about

12、the areas natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk. Photography Workshops (June 19 &July 10)Enhance your photography skills join Yellowstones par

13、k photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone. 6/19 Waterfalls &Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point. 7/10 Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.1. Which of the four programs begins the

14、 earliest?A. Photography Workshops.B. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.C. Canyon Talks at Artist Point.D. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.2. What is the short talk at Artist Point about?A. Works of famous artists.B. Protection of wild animals.C. Basic photography skills.D. History of the canyon

15、area.3. Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop?A. Artist Point.B. Washburn Trailhead.C. Canyon Village Store.D. Visitor Education Center.【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据每个项目后的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to Se

16、ptember 2) (在黄石体验野生动物（5月26日至9月2日）)”和“Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21) (少年游骑兵野生动物奥林匹克运动会（6月5日至8月21日）)”与“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2) (在Artist Point的峡谷会谈（6月9日至9月2日）)”以及“Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10) (摄影研讨会（6月19日和7月10日）)”可知，四个项目中在黄石体验野生动物开始的时间最早。

17、故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2) (在Artist Point的峡谷会谈（6月9日至9月2日）)部分中的“From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the areas natural and human history. (从一个经典的视角，欣赏下瀑布、黄

18、石河和峡谷的壮丽色彩，同时了解该地区的自然和人类历史)”可知，在Artist Point的简短演讲主题是关于峡谷地区的历史的。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10) (摄影研讨会（6月19日和7月10日）)”部分中的“7/10 Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area. (7/10Wildflowers &White Balance：在奇滕登停车场的Washburn Trailhead举行

19、)”可知，7月10日的摄影研讨会将在Washburn Trailhead举行。故选B。（三） 2023全国甲卷A第一节(共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。AWhere to Eat in BangkokBangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Ba

20、ngkok eating adventure.NahmOffering Thai fine dining. Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary (烹饪的) experiences. Its the only Thair restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the words 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his Loodon-based Thai restau

21、rant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.Issays Stamese ClubIssaya Siamese Club is intematoionally known Thai chef lan Kittichais first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern coo

22、king methods.Bo. tanBo. tan has been making waves in Bangkoks culinary sence since it opened in 2009. Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisines roots, yet still manages to add a special twist. This place is good for a candlelit dinner or a wor

23、k meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry theres a large set menu.GagganEarning first place on the lates “Asias 50 best restaurants” list, progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues(场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best t

24、able in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.1. What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common?A. They adopt modern cooking methods.B. They have branches in London.C. They ha

25、ve top-class chefs.D. They are based in hotels.2. Which restaurant offers a large set menu?A. Gaggan.B. Bo. tan.C. Issaya Siamese Club.D. Nahm.3. What is special about Gaggan?A. It hires staff from India.B. It puts on a play every day.C. It serves hard-to-find local dishes.D. It shows the cooking pr

26、ocess to guests.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了一些关于从哪里开始你的曼谷美食之旅的建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Nahm下的段落中“Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his Loodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. (主厨大卫汤普森(David Thompson)在伦敦的同名泰国餐厅获得

27、了米其林一星，他于2010年在大都会酒店开设了这家分店)”以及小标题Issays Stamese Club下的段落中“Issaya Siamese Club is intematoionally know Thai chef lan Kittichais first flagship Bangkok restaurant. (Issaya Siamese Club是国际知名的泰国厨师lan Kittichai的第一家曼谷旗舰餐厅)”可知，Nahm和Issaya Siamese Club的共同之处是他们都有一流的厨师。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Bo. tan下的段落中“For

28、those extremely hungry theres a large set menu. (对于那些极度饥饿的人来说，这里有一份很大的套餐)”可知，Bo. tan提供大型套餐。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Gaggan下的段落中“The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. (在这座两层殖民时期的泰国住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往厨

29、房的窗户，在那里你可以看到Gaggan厨师和他的员工在工作)”可知，Gaggan的特别之处是它向客人展示了烹饪过程。故选D项。（四） 2023全国乙卷A第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。APRACTITIONERSJacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Pari

30、s where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine.James Barry (c.1789 1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she

31、 was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.Tan Yunxian (1461 1554) was a Chinese physician who learned h

32、er skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician.Rebecca Lee Crumpl

33、er (1831 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves.1. What did Jacqueline and Jam

34、es have in common?A. Doing teaching jobs.B. Being hired as physicians.C. Performing surgery.D. Being banned from medicine.2. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners?A. She wrote a book.B. She went through trials.C. She worked as a dentist.D. She had formal education.3. Who was the

35、 first African American with a medical degree?A Jacqueline Felice de Almania.B. Tan Yunxian.C. James Barry.D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位从医人员的生平与事迹。【1题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and

36、 performed surgery. (她出生于佛罗伦萨的一个犹太家庭，搬到巴黎当医生并做外科手术)”以及第二部分中的“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813 (她获得了做外科医生的资格)”和“Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. (Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职业)”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都有资格进行外科手术。故选C。【2题详解】推理判断

37、题。通读全文，再根据文章第三部分中的“Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. (Tan写了一本书女医生的故事，描述了她作为一名医生的生活)”可推知，Tan与其他从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. (四年后，她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性)

38、”可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D。（五） 2023年2月四省联考AFamily-Friendly Events in JanuaryZooLights: Glow Wild Jan. 1-19The Phoenix Zoos yearly holiday light show is on until Jan. 19, allowing families one or more opportunities to enjoy the citys zoo, with millions of lights giving an added dime

39、nsion to the festivities.Glow Wild, 455 N. Galvin Pkwy. , Phoenix, phoenixzoo.org, $11. 95 members, $13. 95 general admission.Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts Jan. 4-18The Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts features the work of established and emerging artists, including those who create woodwork,

40、 metal crafts, food items, art, photography and gifts.On Macdonald, off of Main Street in Downtown Mesa, , free admission.Family Fun Winterfest Jan. 4OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hosting the third annual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Courtyard, featuring real snow for the kids to play in.

41、This free event features everything from bounce houses to rides, games, snowflake crafts and face painting to go with various stands set up by local sellers, with food and other offerings for sale at the event.9500 E. Via de Ventura, Scottsdale, , free.Youth Fine Arts Course Jan. 18-Mar. 7Mesa Arts

42、Center is hosting an eight-week youth arts course on Saturdays to teach artistic skills and knowledge through fun and challenging art classes in a wide variety of art materials, including painting, drawing, mixed media and sculpture, ensuring mentally stimulating sessions for all.Mesa Art Center, 1

43、E. Main St. , Mesa, , $93.1. How can you get a discounted ticket to the ZooLights show?A. Bring a friend.B. Get a membership.C. Join a tour group.D. Book a ticket online.2. What can you do at Family Fun Winterfest?A. Have free food.B. Enjoy real snow.C. Take art classes.D. Meet local artists.3. Whic

44、h event lasts the longest?A. ZooLights:Glow Wild.B. Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts.C. Family Fun Winterfest.D. Youth Fine Arts Courses.【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。主要介绍四个在一月份开始举办的家庭友好活动。【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题ZooLights: Glow Wild Jan. 1-19下的段落中“$11. 95 members, $13. 95 general admission.(会员价11. 9

45、5美元，普通门票价13.95美元)”可知，要买到ZooLights show的折扣票，需成为会员。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Family Fun Winterfest Jan. 4下的段落中“OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hosting the third annual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Courtyard, featuring real snow for the kids to play in.(位于沙漠的OdySea Aquarium正在其Desert Courtyard举办第三届年

46、度家庭趣味冬季活动，以真正的雪为特色，供孩子们玩耍)”可知，在Family Fun Winterfest可以享受真正的雪。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据每段的小标题“ZooLights: Glow Wild Jan. 1-19(ZooLights: Glow Wild，1月1日到19日)”，“Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts Jan. 4-18(Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts，1月4日到18日)”，“Family Fun Winterfest Jan. 4(Family Fun Winterfest，1月4日)”

47、和“Youth Fine Arts Course Jan. 18-Mar. 7(Youth Fine Arts Course，1月18日到3月7日)”可知，四个活动中，持续最长的是Youth Fine Arts Course。故选D项。（六） 2023年1月浙江卷AExplorers CampFull day camp for kids aged 5-13. Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm. Week 1 | July 8-12Week 2 | July 15-19Week 3 | July 22-26Register for a single week o

48、r multiple weeks. Fees: $365 per week. The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. Camp StructureThe day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour c