2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 (全国 III 卷) 解析版.doc

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1、2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国 III卷）英语注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最

2、佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a library.B. In a bookstore.C. In a classroom.【答案】B【解析】【详解】此为听力题，解析略。2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】How does the woman feel now?A. Relaxed.B. E

3、xcited.C. Tired.【答案】C【解析】【详解】此为听力题，解析略。3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】How much will the man pay?A. $520.B. $80.C. $100.【答案】B【解析】【详解】此为听力题，解析略。4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】What does the man tell Jane to do?A. Postpone his appointment.B. Meet Mr. Douglas.C. Return at 3 oclock.【答案】A【解析】【详解】此为听力题，解析略。5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】Why would Davi

4、d quit his job?A. To go back to school.B. To start his own firm.C. To work for his friend.【答案】C【解析】【详解】此为听力题，解析略。第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】6. What does the man wa

5、nt the woman to do?A. Check the cupboard.B. Clean the balcony.C. Buy an umbrella.7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Employer and employee.C. Shop assistant and customer.【答案】6. C 7. A【解析】此为听力题，解析略。【6题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【7题详解】此为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去

6、附件查看】8. Where did the woman go at the weekend?A. The city centre.B. The forest park.C. The mans home.9. How did the man spend his weekend?A. Packing for a move.B. Going out with Jenny.C. Looking for a new house.10. What will the woman do for the man?A. Take Henry to hospital.B. Stay with his kid.C.

7、Look after his pet.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C【解析】此为听力题，解析略。【8题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【9题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【10题详解】此为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】11. What is Mr Stone doing now?A. Eating lunch.B. Having a meeting.C. Writing a diary.12. Why does the man want to see Mr. Stone?A. To discuss a program.B. To make a tr

8、avel plan.C. To ask for sick leave.13. When will the man meet Mr. Stone this afternoon?A. At 3:00.B. At 3:30.C. At 3:45.【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C【解析】此为听力题，解析略。【11题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【12题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【13题详解】此为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】14. What are the speakers talking about?A. A company.B. An inte

9、rview.C. A job offer.15. Who is Monica Stansfield?A. A junior specialist.B. A department manager.C. A sales assistant.16. When will the man hear from the woman?A. On Tuesday.B. On Wednesday.C. On Thursday.【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A【解析】此为听力题，解析略。【14题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【15题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【16题详解】此为听力题，解析略。听下面一段独白，回

10、答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】17. What did John enjoy doing in his childhood?A. Touring France.B. Playing outdoors.C. Painting pictures.18. What did John do after he moved to the US?A. He did business.B. He studied biology.C. He worked on a farm.19. Why did John go hunting?A. For food.B. For pleasure.C. For m

11、oney.20. What is the subject of Johns works?A. American birds.B. Natural scenery.C. Family life.【答案】17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A【解析】此为听力题，解析略。【17题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【18题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【19题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【20题详解】此为听力题，解析略。第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOPENINGS AND PREVI

12、EWSAnimals Out of PaperYolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami(折纸术)artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12.(West Park Presbyterian Church，165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.)The Audien

13、ceHelen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb.14.(Schoenfeld，236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.)Hami

14、ltonLin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.(Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.)On the Twentieth CenturyKristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical

15、 comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie stars love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb.12.(American Airlines Theatre，227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.)21. What is the play by Rajiv

16、Joseph probably about?.A. A type of art.B. A teenagers studio.C. A great teacher.D. A group of animals.22. Who is the director of The Audience?A. Helen Mirren.B. Peter Morgan.C. Dylan Baker.D. Stephen Daldry.23. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?A. Animals Out of Pa

17、per.B. The Audience.C. Hamilton.D. On the Twentieth Century.【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。这篇文章对一些话剧的开幕和新剧首映进行了介绍。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据话剧Animals Out of Paper的Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her s

18、tudio.可知，Rajiv Joseph创作的的话剧是关于折纸的一种艺术。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据话剧The Audience的Stephen Daldry directs.可知，本剧是Stephen Daldry导演的。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据话剧Hamilton 的Li-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.可知，话剧Hamilton的主题是美国的诞生，

19、由此可知，如果你对美国历史感兴趣，你可以看这部话剧。故选C。BFor Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.Its no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers, says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and

20、home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and

21、 how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.China is impossible to overlook, says Hill. Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over

22、 the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion they are central to its movement. Of course, only are todays top Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taki

23、ng on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales, adds Hil.For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers, she says. China is no long

24、er just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China-its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.24. What can we learn about the exhibi

25、tion in New York?A. It promoted the sales of artworks.B. It attracted a large number of visitors.C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes.D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.25. What does Hill say about Chinese women?A. They are setting the fashion.B. They start many fashion campaigns.C. They admire

26、 super models.D. They do business all over the world.26. What do the underlined words taking on in paragraph 4 mean?A. learning fromB. looking down onC. working withD. competing against27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the WorldB. A Chinese Art Exhibitio

27、n Held in New YorkC. Differences Between Eastern and Western AestheticsD. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. D【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了中国文化对世界时尚届的影响，中国年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。中国成了世界时尚的风向标。【24题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第三段The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there

28、is huge interest in Chinese influences.（此次展览吸引参观者人数创下了记录，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。）由此可知，纽约的展览吸引了许多参观者，故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第四段Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion-they are centra

29、l to its movement . （中国模特是向全世界女性推销梦想的美和时尚活动的代言人，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者她们是这场运动的核心。）由此可知，Hill说中国女性开创了新时尚，故选A。【26题详解】词义猜测题。下文and beating them hands down in design and sales说并在设计和销售上击败他们。由此推断出上文Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Mare Jacobs的意思是Vera Wang、Alexander Wang和Jason W

30、u正在与Galliano、Albaz和 Mare Jacobs竞争。taking on意思是“竞争”，故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段china and its culture have long been an inspiration for western creations.以及最后一段If you talk about fashion today , you are talking about China - its influences , its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers

31、 and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.（如果你今天谈论时尚，你谈论的是中国它的影响，它的方向，它令人惊叹的服装，以及年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。），结合全文内容，可知这篇文章最恰当的题目是“中国文化助力国际时尚潮流”，故选D。CBefore the 1830s,most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small a

32、mount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But t

33、he revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.The trend, then, was toward the penny paper-a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on

34、 the street.This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830,but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printers office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, stree

35、t sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny-usually two or three cents was charged-and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase penny paper caught the publics fancy, and soon there would be

36、papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.This new trend of newspapers for the man on the street did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企业)were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It to

37、ok a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.28. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?A. Academic.B. Unattractive.C. Inexpensive.D. Confidential.29. What did street sales mean to newspapers?A. They would be priced higher.B. They would disap

38、pear from cities.C. They could have more readers.D. They could regain public trust.30. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?A. Local politicians.B. Common people.C. Young publishers.D. Rich businessmen.31. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?A. It was a difficult proce

39、ss.B. It was a temporary success.C. It was a robbery of the poor.D. It was a disaster for printers.【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A【解析】本文为记叙文。文章叙述了“便士报纸”的诞生历史。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Before1830s，. Accordingly newspapers were read almost only by rich people. In addition ,most newspapers had little in them th

40、at would appeal to mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding.”可知，在19世纪30年代之前,只有富人才能读报纸，而且大多数报纸中几乎没有能吸引大众的内容，让人感觉无聊，视觉上令人望而却步。由此可得出那时的报纸没有什么吸引力。分析选项，A . Academic学术的；B. Unattractive没有吸引力， 无魅力的； C. Inexpensive廉价的，不贵的； D. Confidential机密的，保密的。可知 A、C和D是错误的，只有B符合题意，故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段提到“便士报纸

41、”针对大众，很便宜的。更重要的是，在街上可以买的到报纸。 结合第三段中间的“streets sales of newspapers would be commonplaced in eastern cities”可知，报纸的街头销售随处可见。由此可推断出，街头销售意味读报纸的多了。分析选项可知C符合题，故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The trend, then, was penny papera term referring to papers made widely available to the public. perhaps more importantly it

42、 meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.”可知，这种“便士报纸”针对大众的，在街上可以买的到报纸。分析选项可知，选项B符合题意，故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。第二段“The trend, then, was penny paper”及最后一段“The new trend of newspapers for the man on the street did not begin well. Some of the early ventures were immediately failures

43、. Publishers already in business, people who owners of successful papers, had little desires to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.”可知，“便士报纸”新趋势一开始并不好，一些早期的尝试立即失败了。已经进入商业领域的成功的出版商，并不想改变这一传统。后来一些年轻而大胆的商人才推动了这件事。由此可推断出“便士报纸”的诞生是一个困难而曲折的过程。分析选项可知

44、，A项符合题意，故选A。DMonkeys seem to have a way with numbers.A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combinedor addedthe

45、 symbols to get the reward.Heres how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle wer

46、e shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers

47、17 in this example.After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估)a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in valuesometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When addi