2022年新高考Ⅰ卷 02 阅读理解D--高考真题全方位解析+二次开发 (教师版.docx

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1、阅读理解D高考真题全方位解析+二次开发 (教师版)2022年新高考卷体裁说明文梗概介绍了因为饮食的改变导致了现在在世界上一半的语言中发现了新的语音。结构Para.1: 介绍了语音现象。Para.2: 研究团队发现了唇齿音语音现象产生的原因和如何产生的。Para.3:现代人对比古代人能发唇齿音的原因。Para.4:人类发音咬合的变化与新石器时代农业的发展有关。Para.5:对一个语言数据库的分析再次证实语音变化。Para.6:描述了研究推翻了流行的观点，强调文章中心。Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the

2、common “m” and “a” to v. 包含 =various adj. 不同的the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than =normal adj. 普通的others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to adj. 独创的；开拓性的new speech sounds that are now fou

3、nd in half the worlds languages.More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. 32Now a team of researchers led by Damin Blasi at the University of Zurich, Swi

4、tzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.n.趋势题干32. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damin Blasis research focus on?解题步骤Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词 (1-2个) 寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题思路定位标志的选择原则1) 明显定位标志：大写字母；数字；敏感词(序数词，最高级，唯一性only, unique)。2) 核心概念

5、定位：优先选择名词，最好所有名词都找到；其次形容词和副词，最后是动词。3) 定位词的同义替换。定位通过关注题目中的人名Damin Blasi可以在第一遍阅读时初步定位问题在文章中的第二段。选项A. Its variety.无中生有。B. Its distribution.无中生有。C. Its quantity.无中生有。D. Its development.trend与development近义替换。答案指向句翻译32. 现在，瑞士苏黎世大学的Damian Blasi领导的一组研究人员发现了这一趋势产生的方式和原因。33They discovered that the upper and l

6、ower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the n.嘴唇upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds. The team showed that this change in b

7、ite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didnt have to do as v.咀嚼 n.下颚骨much work and so didnt grow to be so large.题干33. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?解题步骤Step 1：在题干中划出定

8、位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词 (1-2个) 寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题思路根据题干信息，可将答案信息定位到第三段。定位通过关注关键词ancient human adults和produce labiodentals，尤其是labiodentals对定位文章中的信息有很大帮助。选项A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.无中生有。B. They could not open and close their lips easily.无中生有，没有提及

9、open and close。C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.后文反向呈现，前面是解释说明选项。D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.无中生有。答案指向句翻译33. 他们发现，古人类的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的，因此很难产生唇齿音，唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙齿而形成的。后来，我们的下颚变成了覆盖咬合结构，更容易发出这样的声音。34Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global chang

10、e in the sound v. 确认；证实of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably =significantly，显著地during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of manyhunter-gatherer people today. 题干34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?解题步

11、骤Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词 (1-2个) 寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题思路根据题干信息，可将答案信息定位到第五段。定位段落的主旨大意题在阅读时特别关注第五段的首句。选项A. Supporting evidence for the research results.关于其他数据库的分析来证实前文的调查结果。B. Potential application of the research findings.无中生有。C. A further explanation of t

12、he research methods.无中生有，文章没有体现更多的解释。D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.doubt和confirmed完全不同。答案指向句翻译34. 对语言数据库的分析也证实，在新石器时代之后，世界语言的发音发生了全球性的变化，在过去几千年里，“f”和“v”的使用显著增加。This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when v.使翻转human beings evolved around

13、300,000 years ago. “35The set of speech sounds we use has not v. （使）逐渐形成necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of 更确切地说speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological n. 相互影响，相互作用change and cultur

14、al evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.n. 进化（论）；演变，发展题干35. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?解题步骤Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词 (1-2个) 寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题思路根据题干信息，可将答案信息定位到第六段。定位根据设题顺序和其中的人名Steven Moran在阅读

15、的时候就可以精准定位问题信息的出处。选项A. It is key to effective communication.无中生有。B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.文中说的是cultural evolution，选项是diversity，以偏概全。C. It is a complex and dynamic system.原词复现，complex。D. It drives the evolution of human beings.无中生有。答案指向句翻译35. 研究小组成员Steven Moran说：“自从人类出现以来，我们使用的语音不

16、一定保持稳定，我们今天发现的各种语音都是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物。”拓展练习一、词汇积累1. contain 词性v.词义包含2. note 词性v.词义注意到3. agriculture 词性n.词义农业4. confirm 词性v.词义确认，证实5. overturn 词性v.词义颠覆二、核心词汇（或短语）的同义替换1. different = various2. common = normal3. hard= difficult三、词形变化（派生词）1. development n. 发展 develop v. 发展2. remarkably adv. 显著地 remark

17、able adj. 出名的3. appearance n. 外表 appear v. 似乎，浮现4. cultural adj. 文化的 culture n. 文化四、一词多义click 1. b Clicks are found in several southern African languages. a. 点击（鼠标）2. a If you want to open a file, click twice on the icon for it.b. 咔哒声note 1. c He took a wad of notes from his pocket. a. 便条2. b She pl

18、ayed three long notes on the piano.b. 音调3. a He left a note to say he would be home late.c. 纸币4. d They noted the consumers growing demand for quicker service.d. 注意五、作文素材积累Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithi

19、c age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.【赏析】1. sth. also confirmed that. 某事也证明了2. there was a global change in sth. 某事是全球趋势。【译文】对一个语言数据库的分析也证实，新石器时代之后，世界语言的发音发生了全球变化，在过去几千年中，“f”和“v”的使用显著增加。【仿写】不同的调查结果也证明了参与在线课堂是全球的趋势。Various results of research also confirm that there was a global change in participating in online lessons. 5 / 5