2022年新高考Ⅰ卷 02 阅读理解B--高考真题全方位解析+二次开发 (教师版).pdf

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1、 1/5 阅读理解 B高考真题全方位解析+二次开发(教师版)2022 年新高考卷年新高考卷 体裁 说明文 梗概 介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿 DC 中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。结构 Para.1:从作者角度开头，引入食物浪费的主题。Para.2-3:描述食物浪费的现状。Para.4-5:解决食物浪费的方法和号召。Like most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula(芝麻菜)was to make adj.留心的留心的 a nice green salad,ro

2、unding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended up working late.Then friends 圆满完成圆满完成 called with a dinner invitation.I stuck the chicken in the freezer.24But as days passed,the arugula 把把放（某处）放（某处）n.冰箱冰箱 went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;I could have made six salads with what

3、 I threw out.In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry,“food waste goes against the 25Amoral grain,”as Elizabeth Royte writes in this months cover story.Its jaw-dropping how 道德粒度，该术语用于指代道德决策的微小细节。道德粒度，该术语用于指代道德决策的微小细节。封面故事封面故事 adj.令人惊愕的，令人震惊的令人惊愕的，令人震惊的 much perfectly good food is

4、thrown away-from“ugly”(but quite eatable)vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.n.杂货商杂货商 垃圾桶垃圾桶 题干 24.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?解题 步骤 Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位

5、词(1-2 个)寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题 思路 定位标志的选择原则 1)明显定位标志：大写字母；数字；敏感词(序数词，最高级，唯一性 only,unique)。2)核心概念定位：优先选择名词，最好所有名词都找到；其次形容词和副词，最后是动词。3)定位词的同义替换。定位 根据题干关键词 by telling the arugula story 可定位至第一段，找到例子所说内容，分析前后文找到例子的目的。A.We pay little attention to food waste.根据文章第一句的 try to be mindful of 可知该选项的 little 为正话反

6、说。B.We waste food unintentionally at times.unthinkingly 和 unintentionally 为同义转换。选项 C.We waste more vegetables than meat.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。2/5 D.We have good reasons for wasting food.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。答案 指向句 翻译 24.但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变质了。25Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resourc

7、es used to grow it.That n.燃料燃料 makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,“if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”n.造成者，生产者造成者，生产者 If thats hard to understand,lets keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my re

8、frigerator.Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time-but for him,its more like 12 boxes of =freezer，冰箱，冰箱 始终，一直始终，一直 donated strawberries nearing their last days.26Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington,DC,which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.Last year it recovered mor

9、e than 把变成把变成 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的)produce that 接受捐赠接受捐赠 otherwise would have rotted in fields.And the strawberries?Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or v.v.腐烂腐烂 题干 25.What is a consequence of food waste according to the test?解题 步骤 Step 1：在题干中划出定

10、位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词(1-2 个)寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题 思路 根据题干关键词 consequence 可知需要归纳总结定位段落第二段的内容。定位 根据题干关键词 food waste 定位到文章中第三段，对应 environmental problem 进行选择。A.25A Moral decline.此选项内容 moral 在第二段复现，但是和文章里面句子表达内容不一致。违背道德和道德水平下降是不同的概念。B.Environmental harm.根据定位段落的 environmen

11、tal problem 可知选择选项 B。C.Energy shortage.本段只在第一句中提到水、燃料和其他资源的使用，后面明确表示是环境问题，该选项的错点为以偏概全。选项 D.Worldwide starvation.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。答案 指向句 翻译 25.生产无人食用的食物会浪费用于种植的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。3/5 dry them for use in meals down the road.题干 26.What does Curtins company do?解题 步骤 Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无

12、法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词(1-2 个)寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题 思路 根据题干关键词 Curtins company 可定位到第四段的定语从句进行修饰的部分。定位 根据题干关键词 Curtins company do 定位到第四段修饰成分，并根据翻译内容 turn into 可知该公司为食品加工。A.It produces kitchen equipment.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.把 turn into 和上文的 arugula

13、进行一个拼凑的选项，无中生有。C.It helps local farmers grow fruits.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。选项 D.It makes meals out of unwanted food.从 Curtin 的介绍中可明确得知这家公司回收食物并加工，变废为宝。答案 指向句 翻译 26.科廷是华盛顿特区 DC 中央厨房的首席执行官，该公司回收食物并将其转化为健康膳食。Such methods seem obvious,yet so often we just dont think.“27Everyone can play a part in reducing was

14、te,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or =buy，购买，购买 by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you wont eat,”Curtin says.配菜配菜 题干 27.What does Curtin suggest people do?解题 步骤 Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词(1-2 个)寻找答案指

15、向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题 思路 根据题干关键词 suggest 可知需要找双引号的引语部分。定位 根据题干关键词 suggest 定位到第五段双引号，并根据 whether by not.or by.翻译可知 Curtin 的建议内容。A.Buy only what is needed.文中说不要购买超过必要数量的食物，肯定的说法就是只买必要品。B.Reduce food consumption.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。C.Go shopping once a week.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。选项 D.Eat in restaurants less often.

16、此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。4/5 答案 指向句 翻译 27.每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周购物时不要购买超过必要数量的食物，还是要求餐馆不要加你不吃的配菜。拓展练习 一、词汇积累 1.recover 词性 v.词义找回 2.resource 词性 n.词义资源 3.rot 词性 v.词义腐烂 4.purchase 词性 v.词义购买 5.obvious 词性 adj.词义显然的 二、核心词汇（或短语）的同义替换 1.be mindful of =pay attention to 2.end up doing =finish doing 3.freezer =refri

17、gerator 4.turn into =change 5.purchase =buy 三、词形变化（派生词）1.mindful ad.留心的 mind n.思维，头脑 2.invitation n.邀请 invite v.邀请 3.freezer n.冰箱 freeze v.结冰，冻住 4.donation n.捐款 donate v.捐赠 5.obvious adj.明显的 obviously adv.明显地 四、一词多义 way 1.c Youll pass a bank on the way to the train station.a.程度副词 2.b She has a speci

18、al way of smiling.b.样子 3.d Youre not going about the job in the right way.c.路途 4.a I feel that they are way too practical.d.方法 keep 1.a I like to keep in shape.a.保持 2.b The company is committed to keeping its leading b.处于 position in the distribution of china made products.3.c People keep a dog to s

19、care away thieves.c.饲养 五、作文素材积累 Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you wont eat.【赏析】1.play a part in doing sth.可与 sth.is important 近义替换。2.whether by.or by.当有两项选择时，可以使用该句型进行造句。【译文】每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周购物时不要购买超过必要数量的食物，还是要求餐馆不要添加你不吃的配菜。5/5【仿写】每个人都可以在保护环境方面发挥作用，无论是在购物时使用布袋子，还是洗手后关闭水龙头。Everyone can play a part in protecting the environment,whether by using cloth bags when you go shopping or by closing taps after washing hands.