2022年全国乙卷02阅读理解D--高考真题全方位解析+二次开发 (教师版)(2).pdf

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1、 1/6 阅读理解 D高考真题全方位解析+二次开发(教师版)2022 年高考乙卷年高考乙卷 体裁 说明文 梗概 英国征收糖税以减缓儿童肥胖问题且起到了良好的效果。结构 Para.1:官方数据显示糖税征收带来的收入是预测的一半 Para.2:糖税征收的时间、标准及原因 Para.3:糖税带来的收入及用途 Para.4:制造商为了避免征收糖税采取的措施 Para.5:不同品牌和饮料类型对糖税的适用反馈 Para.6:糖税征收的积极影响 The Governments sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Mini

2、sters first predicted it would generate,the first official data on the policy has shown.v.预测预测 v.产生产生 n.政策政策 32First announced in April,2016,the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more v.宣布宣布 软饮料软饮料 than5g of sugar per 100ml,was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖).It is believed

3、 that todays children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar,v.消费消费 v.推荐推荐 putting them at a higher risk of the disease.题干 32Why was the sugar tax introduced?解题 步骤 Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词(1-2 个)寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题 思路 定位标志

4、的选择原则 1)明显定位标志：大写字母；数字；敏感词(序数词，最高级，唯一性 only,unique)。2)核心概念定位：优先选择名词，最好所有名词都找到；其次形容词和副词，最后是动词。3)定位词的同义替换。定位 根据题干关键词 the sugar tax，introduced 以及出题顺序与原文顺序基本一致的原则，可以将答案定位到第二段。A.To collect money for schools.选项内容为学校筹钱，属无中生有 B.To improve the quality of drinks.选项内容为了提升饮料质量，属无中生有 C.To protect childrens healt

5、h.根据文章第二段中的 First announced in April,2016,the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml,was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity.可知，征收糖税的目的是减缓儿童肥胖症问题，也就是保护儿童健康。选项 D.To encourage research in education.选项内容为了鼓励教育研究，属于无中生有 2/6 答案 指向句 翻译 322016 年 4 月首次宣布，该税收适用于每

6、100 毫升含糖量超过 5 克的软饮料，以帮助减少儿童肥胖。Initially the sugar tax was expected to make 520m a year for the Treasury.However,adv.最初的最初的 n.财政部财政部 data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount.At present it is 目前目前 expected to generate 240m for the year ending in April 2019,which wil

7、l go to school sports.33It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers(制造商)so they can avoid paying the tax.Drinks now contain 45 million fewer v.包含包含 kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers efforts to avoid the charge,according to Tre

8、asury 结果是结果是 根据根据 figures.Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import,depending on the sugar content.adj.含糖的含糖的 题干 33How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?解题 步骤 Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step

9、 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词(1-2 个)寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题 思路 根据题干关键词 drinks companies，sugar tax，respond 可以将答案定位到第四段。其中题干 companies 对应原文 manufacturers。定位 根据题干关键词 drinks companies，sugar tax，respond 可以将答案定位到第四段。其中题干 companies 对应原文 manufacturers。A.They turned to overseas markets.选项内容无中生有 B.They raised

10、the prices of their products.选项内容无中生有 C.They cut down on their production.选项内容无中生有 选项 D.They reduced their products sugar content.根据文章第四段中的 It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制造商）so they can avoid paying the tax.可知，为应对糖税政策，一些饮品

11、公司降低产品的含糖量来避税 答案 指向句 翻译 33此前，超过一半的软饮料被制造商降低了含糖量，以避免纳税。3/6 34However,some high sugar brands,like 34DClassic Coca Cola,have accepted the sugar tax 高糖高糖 and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers.34CFruit juices,34Bmilk-based drinks and 收费收费 most 34Aalcoholic drinks are free of the tax,

12、as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m adj.酒精的酒精的 litres per year.题干 34From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?解题 步骤 Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词(1-2 个)寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题 思路 根据题干关键词 sugar tax，collected 可以将答案定位到第五段。其中题干 collect 对应原

13、文 charge for，并且和原文 free of the tax 形成反义。定位 根据题干关键词 sugar tax，collected 可以将答案定位到第五段。其中题干 collect 对应原文 charge for，并且和原文 free of the tax 形成反义。A.Most alcoholic drinks.选项内容免税，设置干扰，考生不要看到原文原词就匆忙选定 B.Milk-based drinks.选项内容免税，设置干扰，考生不要看到原文原词就匆忙选定 C.Fruit juices.选项内容免税，设置干扰，考生不要看到原文原词就匆忙选定 选项 D.Classic Coke.

14、根 据 文 章 第 五 段 However,some high sugar brands,like Classic Coca Cola,have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers.Fruit juices,milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax 可知，可口可乐公司接受了糖税，而 果汁、牛奶饮料和大多数的酒精饮料都是免税的，糖税主要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖品牌。答案 指向句 翻译

15、34然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了含糖税，并因害怕惹恼消费者而拒绝改变。果汁、牛奶饮料和大多数酒精饮料都是免税的。35Todays figures,according to one government official,show the positive influence the n.数字数字 adj.积极的积极的 sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities(设施)and healthier eating in v.募捐募捐 schools.Helping the next

16、generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great n.代代 importance,and the industry is playing its part.非常重要非常重要 发挥作用发挥作用 4/6 题干 35.What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?解题 步骤 Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词(1-2 个)寻找答案指向句。Step

17、4：选择答案。解题 思路 本题属于推理判断题，旨在考查糖税政策应用的影响。根据题干关键词 adoption，sugar tax policy 可以将答案定位到第六段。定位 根据题干关键词 adoption，sugar tax policy 可以将答案定位到第六段。A.It is a short-sighted decision.这是一个目光短浅的决定。偏离文章主题 B.It is a success story.根据文章最后一段第一句 Todays figures,according to one government official,show the positive influence

18、the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools.可知，糖税政策的实施，产生了积极的影响，它为学校的体育设施和健康饮 食筹集了数百万英镑，由此推断出该政策是成功的。It benefits manufacturers.有益于制造商 征收糖税对于高糖饮料商并没有受益，属于编造细节 选项 D.It upsets customers.使消费者沮丧 它能帮助减缓肥胖，对于消费者而言是一件好事，属于编造细节 答案 指向句 翻译 35今天的数据

19、显示，糖税通过为体育设施和学校健康饮食筹集数百万英镑而产生的积极影响。帮助下一代拥有一个健康和活跃的童年是非常重要的，而这个行业正在发挥自己的作用。5/6 拓展练习 一、词汇积累 1.predict 词性 v.词义预测 2.generate 词性 v.词义产生 3.announce 词性 v.词义宣布 4.positive 词性 adj.词义积极的 5.alcoholic 词性 adj.词义酒精的 二、核心词汇（或短语）的同义替换 1.raise=enhance 2.positive=active 3.consume=waste 4.depend on=rely on pany=corpora

20、tion 三、词形变化（派生词）1.expect v.期望 expectation n.期望 expectable adj.意料中的 2.announce v.宣布 announcement n.宣布 3.initially adv.最初 initial adj.最初的 initialize v.初始化 4.generate v.产生 generation n.代 generator n.发电机 四、一词多义（请根据句意猜测划线词的词义）raise 1.d Simply raise your hand,and a taxi appears in no time.2.c In fact,to k

21、eep a pet can help a young couple have the responsibility to raise children.3.b She has been wrestling to raise the money all year.4.a How can we raise standards in schools?a.v.提升 b.v.筹集 c.v.抚养 d.v.举起 figure 1.d Father is trying to figure out his tax.2.b He removed the figure from the board.3.a Gand

22、hi was an inspirational figure.4.c She retains her slim figure and is free of wrinkles.a.n.人物 b.n.数字 c.n.身材 d.v.计算 accept1.d People will accept suffering that can be shown to lead to a greater good.2.a She wont accept advice from anyone.3.b Employers in your specific field will accept your degree.4.

23、c Officials accept that they erred in not consulting a.v.接受 b.v.承认 c.v.同意 d.v.容忍 earlier with neighbours.6/6 五、作文素材积累 Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance,and the industry is playing its part.【赏析】1.Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is 现在分词作主语 2.be of great importance 非常重要 3.play ones part 发挥作用【译文】帮助下一代拥有一个健康和活跃的童年是非常重要的，而这个行业正在发挥自己的作用。【仿写】1.她的认可非常重要。Her approval was of supreme importance.2.恐惧总是占据我生命中的一部分。Fear always plays a part in my life.