新人教版 选择性必修B2U1 Reading and Thinking.pptx

《新人教版 选择性必修B2U1 Reading and Thinking.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新人教版 选择性必修B2U1 Reading and Thinking.pptx（51页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、本课件已在中国版权保护中心登记作品著作权，本课件已在中国版权保护中心登记作品著作权，未经许可，禁止商用、分享、转载！未经许可，禁止商用、分享、转载！版权提示【版本：人教册别：选择性必修二版本：人教册别：选择性必修二】UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS Reading and Thinking:Understand the questioning mindLearningObjectivesuFind out the stages of scientific research in this passage.uLearn about John Snows research

2、 process uExpress your idea on the given topic through creative thinkingcontentsPre-readingLanguage PointsWhile readingHomeworkPost-readingPre-readingrun nucleic acid tests get vaccinatedWe are taking measures to fight against coronavirus!Are you familiar with these situations?lItwasdiscoveredintheh

3、umanbodyin2019.Thevirusisgenerallycharacterisedbyfever,drycoughandgraduallydyspnea(逐渐出现呼吸困难逐渐出现呼吸困难).lTheviruswasconfirmedtobewiththephenomenonofhumantransmissionandhavelatentinfection.lThediseasehadnospecifictreatmentatthattime,soitbrokeoutin2020andswepttheglobe.COVID-19Besidescoronavirus,whatother

4、kindsofepidemics（流行病）haveyouheardof?bird-flu（禽流感）malaria（疟疾）plague（鼠疫）Ebola(埃博拉)Video Time:How much do you know about cholera?What are the symptoms(症状)of Cholera？It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death without immediate treatment.dehydration(缺水)severe vomiting(呕吐)diarrhea(腹泻)Man

5、yyearsago,thecholeraintheworldkilledmillionsofpeople.Peoplewereveryafraidofit,buttheydidntknowwhattodo.Luckily,ayoungdoctordecidedtofindouthowtopreventandtreatthedisease.Finally,thedoctorwonthebattle.John Snow How did he win the battle?What will be talked about from the title?John Snow Defeats“King

6、Cholera”Who?How?What?STAGES IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH Draw a conclusion Collect data Ask a question Find a problem Analyse the results Find supporting evidence Think of a method While readingReadthewholetextquicklyandmatchthemainideas.Para.1 Para.2 Para.4Para.5 John Snow desired to destroy cholera.John

7、 Snow decided to prove the second theory.Snow began his study by marking on the map.Truth of the infection of cholera.Snows contributions.Para.3 CholeraCholeraJohnJohnSnowSnowIts one of _ in the world,because it causes _._(when),an outbreak of cholera hit _ milions of people _.He rose to become _,an

8、d even _ Queen Victoriawhen she gave birth.John Snow became _ because no one knew _.However,he had a desire to _ once and for all.the most feared diseasessevere diarrhoea and dehydrationIn the early 19th centuryEuropedied from the diseasefrustratedhow to prevent or treat choleraa famous doctorattend

9、ed to destroy cholera Para.1ResearchbackgroundTwo contradictory theories Theory one:caused by _Theory two:caused by _SymptomsSymptomscoughsneezerunny noselungdiarrhoeadehydrationbad air germs Snowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.Para.2FindaproblemPara.2AskaquestionWhatdidJohnSnowinvestigatewhenanotherout

10、breakhitLondonin1854?He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.He was determined to find out why.A map of Broad Street-”Cholera A map of Broad Street-”Cholera Map”Map”What method did Snow use?AmapofBroadStreet-”CholeraM

11、ap”uWhich houses had more than 4 deaths in Broad Street?uWhich houses had no death in Broad Street?Multipledeathshappenedhere.Nodeathhappenedhere.He suspected that the water from the pump was to blame.Thinkofamethod&Collectdata&AnaysetheresultsPara.3Findsupportingevidence&DrawaconclusionPumpwatercar

12、riedthecholeragerms.Two deathsPlacePersonEventInanotherpartofLondonAwomanandherdaughterDiedofcholerabecauseofdrinkingthewaterdeliveredfromthepumpRemovethehandleofthepumpThediseasewasstopped.Para.3A:It was believed that cholera was caused by bad _ or germs in _.B:Snow_the places where the people who

13、_ had lived C:Many deaths occurred near the _ in Broad Street.Some people _ drunk the water from the pump,and lived.A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after _.D:The pump water carried _.conclusionevidenceE:The _ of the pump was removed.processsolutionhandletheoriesairfood or wat

14、ermarked on thediedwater pumphadntdrinking watercholera germsReadfromPara.2-3againandcompletethechartbelow.conclusionevidenceprocesssolutiontheoriesmapfrom the pumpWater companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste,causing people who drank this water to get malaria.lWate

15、r companies began to sell clean water.lThe threat of cholera around the world decreased.lHe helped people know how to prevent cholera.lSnow transformed the way scientists study diseases.2.WhatcontributionsdidJohnSnowmake?The Father of Modern Epidemiology1.WhatcausedtheoutbreakofcholerainLondonin1854

16、?Para.4-5TruthWascholeradefeatedcompletely?How to prevent the cholera?Para.4-5Wascholeradefeatedcompletely?How to prevent the cholera?To prevent cholera from spreading,wed better drink pure or boiled water and eat clean food.Para.4-5Post-readingFillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.In the early 19th cen

17、tury,an outbreak of cholera hit Europe,_(cause)millions of deaths.Seeing this,John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how _(prevent)or treat cholera.At that time,doctors had two theories to explain how cholera spread.One was that bad air caused the disease and another was that cholera was ca

18、used by germs in food or water.John discovered that in two particular street _ cholera outbreak was _ severe that over 500 people died in ten days.Through his serious _(investigate),he found it was the pump water in Broad Street _ resulted in the disease.Therefore,he had the handle of the pump _(rem

19、ove).causingto preventthesoinvestigationthatremovedIt turned out that the water from the pump _(infect)by waste.Through Snows tireless efforts,water companies began to sell clean water,and the threat of cholera around the world saw _ substantial decrease.Snow transformed the way _ scientists study d

20、iseases.For this reason,he is considered the father of modern epidemiology.Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.had been infectedthat/in whichauAs a doctor,he helped us to _.uAs a scientist,he found out _.Evaluation of John Snowwhat caused choleraprevent choleraWhat qualities do you think John Snow has

21、?Tosetoutanewscientificideathroughascientificresearch,whatqualitiesdoyouthinkarethethreemostimportantonesthattheresearchershouldbeequippedwith?Andgiveyourreasonsinbrief.hard-working lazy patient edgy(急躁的急躁的)sympathetic wise devoted selfish honest reliable calm stubborn generous responsible meticulou

22、s(缜缜密的密的)handsome careful determinedGroup-workingHumanprogressonepidemicresearchLanguage Points1one of the most feared diseases2become frustrated3attend to sb4lose desire to do sth5once and for all6in general7two contradictory theories最可怕的疾病之一最可怕的疾病之一变得沮丧变得沮丧照顾某人照顾某人失去做失去做某某事的欲望事的欲望一劳永逸一劳永逸一般说来一般说来两

23、种截然不同的看法两种截然不同的看法Importantphrases(P2)8an infection from germs in food or water9subscribe to the second theory10 in two particular streets11 be determined to find out why12 begin by marking the exact places13 multiple deaths near the water pump食物或水中细菌的感染食物或水中细菌的感染赞同第二种赞同第二种看法看法在两条特别的街道上在两条特别的街道上下下决心找

24、出原因决心找出原因从标记确切的位置开始从标记确切的位置开始水泵附近多人死亡水泵附近多人死亡Importantphrases(P2)14suspect that the water pump is to blame15whats more/moreover16have it delivered to her house17as a result of the evidence18have the handle removed19raw waste怀疑是水泵造成的怀疑是水泵造成的而且而且让人让人把它送到她家把它送到她家由于这个证据由于这个证据拆掉把手拆掉把手未经处理的废未经处理的废弃弃物物Impo

25、rtantphrases(P2-P3)1.Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world,until a British doctor,John Snow,showed how it could be overcome.until 引导引导 _ 从句，从句，how 引导引导 _ 从句。从句。时间状语时间状语宾语宾语(1)I didnt go downstairs until the window had to be shut.(2)I stayed awake on purpose until half past

26、eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.until 表示表示“直到直到为止为止”，主句的谓语动词为，主句的谓语动词为延续性动词延续性动词，主句为肯定句，主句为肯定句；not until 表示表示“直到直到才才”，主句的谓语动词为，主句的谓语动词为短暂性动词短暂性动词，主句为否定句。，主句为否定句。Importantsentences(P2P3)在英国医生约翰在英国医生约翰斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。(Para.1

27、,Line 1)He didnt go to bed until he completed his homework.(对画线部分进行强调对画线部分进行强调)not until 用于强调句型中用于强调句型中要要强调强调until后面的后面的部分：部分：需要需要把把until部分部分提前提前 还要还要把把not一起一起提前提前 It wasnt until he completed his homework that he went to bed.It wasnt until that 句子的其余句子的其余部分部分Importantsentences(P2P3)It wasnt until he

28、 finished his homework that he went to bed.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)Was it not until he finished his homework that he went to bed?not until 用于一般疑问句型中用于一般疑问句型中强调句的强调句的一般疑问句形式一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it 被强调部分被强调部分 that 句子的其余句子的其余部分部分Importantsentences(P2P3)1.The students didnt stop talking until the teacher came in.2.Th

29、e sports meet will not be held until next week._ _ next week _ the sports meet be held.Not until willnot until 用于倒装结构用于倒装结构 Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.Importantsentences(P2P3)1.直到比赛开始他才来到。直到比赛开始他才来到。He _ the game had begun.2.如果很多人都说一部电影不好，我不会去看，或者我会一直如果很多人都说一部电影不好，我不

30、会去看，或者我会一直等等 到到DVD版出来才看。版出来才看。If a lot of people say a film is not good,I wont bother to see it,or I will _.3.直到约翰进入大学之后，他才意识到时间的重要性。直到约翰进入大学之后，他才意识到时间的重要性。(倒装倒装)_ _ wait until it comes out on DVD didnt arrive untilNot until John went to college did he realize the importance of time.即学即练Importantsen

31、tences(P2P3)2.He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.他他发现发现霍乱霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡多人死亡。(Para.2,Line 5)so that 意为意为“如此如此以至于以至于”，用来引导，用来引导结果状语从句。结果状语从句。3.It seemed that the woman liked the water

32、 from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.该该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水打水 运运到家里来。到家里来。(Para.3,Line 14)Importantsentences(P2P3)1.It rained so heavily that we had to stay at home.2.The question is so difficult that we can not work it out.3.It is s

33、o busy a day that we dont go swimming.ObserveandFind 主语主语+实义动词实义动词+so+副词副词+that 从句从句 主语主语+系动词（系动词（be,become,feel 等）等）+so+形容词形容词+that 从句从句 主语主语+系动词系动词+so+形容词形容词+a/an+单数可数名词单数可数名词+that 从句从句Importantsentences(P2P3)4.I have made so many mistakes that I must stay at home to reflect on them.5.What a pity!

34、We have got so little money that we can not eat at restaurants.6.The shirt cost so much that I did not want to take it.主语主语+谓语谓语+so+many/few+可数名词复数可数名词复数+that 从句从句 主语主语+谓语谓语+so+much/little+不可数名词不可数名词+that 从句从句 主语主语+谓语谓语+so+many(much,few,little)+that 从句从句ObserveandFindImportantsentences(P2P3)so.that

35、用于倒装结构用于倒装结构 The speaker was so nervous that his legs were trembling.即学即练n这个这个演讲者演讲者如此紧张如此紧张，以至于双腿以至于双腿发抖发抖。（翻译）（翻译）So nervous was the speaker that his legs were trembling.Importantsentences(P2P3)4.Accordingly,he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.于是于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用

36、不成了，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。(Para.3,Line 16)so that 是从属连词，在此用来引导 _ 从句。意义为“_”，可用 _ 从句来替换。这种从句的谓语动词一般要和情态动词_ 等连用。目的状语目的状语 为了为了；以便以便 in order that can/could/may/mightImportantsentences(P2P3)so that 引导引导结果状语从句结果状语从句时，时，意义为意义为“结果是结果是”，“以至于以至于”，一般不与情态动词连用，有时可用逗号与主句隔开，有，一般不与情态动词连用，有时可用逗号与主句隔开，有时则不用。这种从句可用时则不

37、用。这种从句可用 so that 从句来转换。从句来转换。=It rained so hard that we had to stay at home yesterday.CompareandFindIt rained hard yesterday so that we had to stay at home.Importantsentences(P2P3)5.The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.与与饮用纯净水

38、或开水的人相比，饮用被污染的水的人更容易饮用纯净水或开水的人相比，饮用被污染的水的人更容易染染 上上霍乱。霍乱。(Para.4,Line 4)more than 结构可以由结构可以由 far,much,a little,slightly,hardly,nothing,no 等词修饰，一般置于等词修饰，一般置于 more than 结构前。结构前。ObserveandFind(1)This little man was hardly more than 1.5m fifty tall.(2)She could have thought of nothing more likely to please her brother than this praise of Maggie.Importantsentences(P2P3)Homework1.Draw a mind map about how John Snow defeated the“King Cholera”.2.Complete the exercises on P4&P5.