江西省新余市2019-2022学年高二上学期英语期末试题汇编：语法填空专题.docx

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1、江西省新余市2019-2022学年高二上学期英语期末解析版试卷汇编 语法填空专题江西省新余市2021-2022学年高二上学期英语期末试卷（解析版）四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。China launched the Shenzhou XII spaceship on Oct 16, _41_ (send) three taikonauts on a six-month mission _42_ (construct) its space station. Up _43_ now, Taikonauts Zhai Zhigang

2、 and Wang Yaping _44_ (complete) their extravehicular activities/EVAS (出舱活动) and have returned to the space station core module Tianhe, the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) said on early hours of Monday. The event was the _45_ (three) extravehicular mission conducted by the Shenzhou XIII crew during

3、 _46_ construction of the countrys space station. It also marks the first EVAs _47_ involves a female taikonaut in Chinese space history. The mission _48_ (far) tested the functions of the new-generation extravehicular _49_ (spacesuit) and the reliability and _50_ (safe) of supporting equipment rela

4、ted to the EVAs.江西省新余市2020-2021学年高二上学期英语期末试卷（解析版）四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于三个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The eruption of hundreds of wildfires across the West of the U.S. is not uncommon as it has become a near-annual occurrence. A massive wildfire forces thousands of people _41_ （flee） their homes. _

5、42_ （exhaust）firefighters warn of its speed and intensity. Smoke smothers（v. 使窒息）cities and states hundreds of miles away. Since August 15, 2020 California _43_ （witness）900 wildfires, many of which were started by an intense series of lightning strikes. There have been eight fire _44_ （death）and mo

6、re than 3,300 structures destroyed in the flames. The blazes have burned _45_ record 2 million acres in California, and the danger for more destruction is so high that the U.S. Forest Service _46_ （announce）last Monday it was closing all eight national forests in the southern half of the state. The

7、fires have spread rapidly during a baking heat wave since mid-August. After a _47_ （typical）dry summer, California is heading into _48_ normally is the most dangerous time for wildfires when fall comes. California Oregon and Washington states have seen historic wildfires _49_ have burned faster and

8、farther than ever before. Numerous studies in recent years have linked bigger wildfires in the U.S. to global warming, so the real battle is against climate change. Instead of treating the wildfire _50_ a threat to be swiftly extinguished, Americans need to learn to live with it, as they have before

9、.江西省新余市2019-2020学年高二上学期英语期末试卷（解析版）四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Access to electricity has always been limited for people living in Nuevo Saposoa, _41_remote village in Peru. However, things went from bad to _42_(bad)in March 2015 after a flood damaged the power station in the area. T

10、he villagers _43_(force)to turn to kerosene(煤油)lamps, which are not only expensive but give off poisonous matter.Fortunately, the researchers and students at the UTEC in Lima, Peru heard about it and came up with a _44_(create)idea. They designed a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both o

11、f _45_can be found in the Amazonian rainforests where the village _46_(lie). Called Plantalamparas, the lights draws energy from a plant _47_(grow)in the rainforests and uses it to light up an LED bulb. So far, the bulbs have been a huge success.This is not the first time the students and professors

12、 of UTEC _48_(come)up with a clever approach _49_a problem. In 2014, _50_(deal)with Perus severe air pollution they created a large advertising board that could be used as an air purifier(净化器)as well.参考答案：江西省新余市2021-2022学年高二上学期英语期末试卷（解析版）41sending42to construct43to#till44have completed45third46the47

13、that48further49spacesuits50safety【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国发射的神舟十二号宇宙飞船。41考查非谓语动词。句意：10月16日，中国发射了神舟十二号宇宙飞船，派出三名宇航员执行为期六个月的建造空间站的任务。设空出在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语China之间是逻辑的主动关系。故填sending。42考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，固定搭配send sb to do sth 派某人作某事。故填to construct。43考查介词。句意：到目前为止，翟志刚、王亚平宇航员已经完成了舱外活动。固定句型up to/till no

14、w直到现在，结合句意。故填to/till。44考查谓语动词的时态。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语up to/till now（到现在为止），可知句子的时态为现在完成时，主语为Zhai Zhigang and Wang Yaping，结合主谓一致。故填have completed。45考查序数词。句意：这是中国空间站建设过程中神舟十三号机组人员进行的第三次舱外任务。设空处前为the，设空处应为序数词。故填third。46考查冠词。句意见上题解析。设空处后为名词，根据介词短语“of the countrys space station（国家的空间站的）”可知为特指。故填the。4

15、7考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这也标志着中国航天史上第一次有女宇航员参与的舱外活动。设空处引导定语从句，且在句中作指物的宾语，先行词为the first EVAs，先行词前有first修饰，只能用that。故填that。48考查副词。句意：此次任务进一步测试了新一代舱外航天服的功能。设空处后为动词，副词修饰动词，设空处应为副词的形式，结合句意，此处表示进一步测试了新一代舱外航天服的功能。应用比较级。故填further。49考查名词。句意见上题解析。设空处前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，设空处应为名词的形式；空前无冠词修饰，应为复数的形式。故填spacesuits。50考查名词。句意：此次任务进一步

16、测试了新一代舱外航天服的功能，以及与舱外航天服相关的配套设备的可靠性和安全性。设空处和and前的“reliability（可靠性）”并列，应为名词的形式，表抽象的概念，为不可数名词。故填safety。江西省新余市2020-2021学年高二上学期英语期末试卷（解析版）41to flee42Exhausted43has witnessed44deaths45a46announced47typically48what49that/which50as【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了美国西部爆发的大量野火。41考查动词不定式。句意：一场大火迫使数千人逃离家园。force sb to do sth迫使

17、某人做某事，是固定句式，不定式作宾语补足语。故填to flee。42考查形容词。句意：筋疲力尽的消防员警告了它的速度和强度。修饰名词firefighters应用形容词，以ed结尾的形容词一般用来修饰人。故填Exhausted。43考查时态。句意：自从2020年8月15日以来，加州经历了900起野火，其中许多是由一系列强烈的雷击引起的。根据时间状语Since August 15, 2020可知，谓语动词应用现在完成时，结构为have/has done，主语California是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填has witnessed。44考查名词复数。句意：目前已有8人在大火中丧生，3300

18、多座建筑在大火中被毁。根据空格前数词eight可知，用death（可数名词）的复数形式。故填deaths。45考查冠词。句意：大火已经烧毁了加州创纪录的200万英亩土地，进一步破坏的危险如此之大，以至于美国林务局上周一宣布，将关闭该州南部的所有8处国家森林。根据可数名词record的单数形式可知，前面应用不定冠词限定，表泛指。record是以辅音音素开头的词，用不定冠词a，故填a。46考查时态。句意：大火已经烧毁了加州创纪录的200万英亩土地，进一步破坏的危险如此之大，以至于美国林务局上周一宣布，将关闭该州南部的所有8处国家森林。根据时间状语last Monday可知，句子为一般过去时，谓语动

19、词用过去式。故填announced。47考查副词。句意：经过一个典型的干燥夏季，秋季到来时，加州将进入通常是野火最危险的时期。修饰形容词dry应用typical的副词形式，故填typically。48考查名词性从句引导词。句意：经过一个典型的干燥夏季，秋季到来时，加州将进入通常是野火最危险的时期。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，连接代词what引导从句，作主语，符合句意。故填what。49考查定语从句。句意：加利福尼亚州、俄勒冈州和华盛顿州都经历了历史上的野火，它们比以往任何时候都燃烧得更快、更远。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为wildfires，关系代词whic

20、h或that引导从句，指物，在从句中作主语。故填that/which。50考查介词。句意：美国人应该像以前那样，学会与之共存，而不是将野火视为一种需要迅速扑灭的威胁。介词as“作为”，符合句意，treatas意为“把看作”是习惯用法。故填as。江西省新余市2019-2020学年高二上学期英语期末试卷（解析版）41a42worse43were forced44creative45which46lies47growing48have come49to50to deal【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了在Peru一个遥远的村子Nuevo Saposoa，电力供应一直有限，针对这种情况所采取的措施。

21、41考查冠词。句意：在Peru的一个遥远的村子。是前面Nuevo Saposoa的同位语，故填a。42考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，事情从不好到更糟。可知用比较级，故答案为worse。43考查动词时态语态。句意：村民被迫求助煤油灯。根据句意可知用一般过去时态的被动语态，主语是The villagers，复数形式，故答案为were forced。44考查形容词。句意：一个具有创造力的想法。形容词修饰名词，故答案为creative具有创造力的。45考查定语从句。此处是不定代词both+of+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，因为先行词是plants and soil，指物，故答案为which。46考

22、查动词。句意：这个村子所在的地方。根据句意可知用一般现在时态，句子主语是the village，单数第三人称，故答案为lies。47考查非谓语动词。句意：这些灯从雨林中生长的植物汲取能量。此处是现在分词做后置定语，表主动关系，故答案为growing。48考查动词时态。固定句式：This is the first(second-) that 主语+现在完成时态+-。句子主语是the students and professors，是复数形式，故答案为have come。49考查介词。The approach to-，-的方法。可知答案为to。50考查非谓语动词。句意：我了解决Peru的空气污染问

23、题。此处是动词不定式做目的状语，故答案为to deal。【名师点睛】1.It/This/That is the first(second-)time that 主语+现在完成时态+其他。意思是：第几次做某事了。如果把is改成was，则后面用过去完成时态。Its the third time that I have come to the Summer Palace.这是我第三次来到颐和园。2.Its (high) time that 主语+一般过去时态+其他。现在是该做某事的时间了。Its high time that we had lunch.现在是我们该吃午饭的时间了。3. It is/has been+一段时间+since 主语+一般过去时态+-。自从-有多长时间了。在这个句型中since引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时态，分两种情况：（1）如果从句的动词是终止性动词leave/come/-，则表示“从动作开始到现在多长时间了。”It is three years since he began to smoke.他已经吸烟三年了。（2）如果从句的动词是持续性动词stay/smoke/live-，则表示“从动作结束到现在多长时间了”。 It is three years since he smoked.他戒烟三年了。