2020年中考英语真题精品解析(湖南常德卷)精编.pdf

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1、2020 年常德市初中学业水平考试英语试题卷考生注意：1.请在试题卷首填写好准考证号及姓名。2.请将答案填写在答题卡上，填写在试题卷上的无效。3.本学科试题卷共 8 页，3 部分，满分 100 分，考试时量 90 分钟。第卷第一部分阅读技能阅读下面的材料，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题。AWhat are coronaviruses?Coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s.They are a group ofviruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds.In huma

2、ns,coronaviruses cause respiratory tractinfections.The new coronavirus.At the end of 2019,a new type of coronavirus started spreading inChina.This type of coronavirus is often called 2019-nCoV,novel coronavirus,or COVID-19.It isbelieved that the virus was transmitted from animals to humans.Some of t

3、he first cases werediagnosed in people who had visited a market selling live seafood and animals.Unfortunately,when viruses are transmitted from animals to people it can take scientists a lot of time before theycan develop a vaccine or medicines to cure it.How does the virus spread?The virus appears

4、 to spread mainly from person to person.Thetransmission occurs when someone comes into contact with an infected person.For example,acough,a sneeze or a handshake could cause transmission.The spread may also be caused bycoming into contact with something an infected person has touched and then touchi

5、ng your mouth,nose or eyes.virus病毒mammal哺乳动物respiratory呼吸的infection感染transmit传染case病例diagnose诊断 cure 治愈 occur发生contact接触1.When were coronaviruses discovered?A.In the 1960s.B.In the 1970s.C.In the 1980s.2.Where did the new coronaviruses start spreading at the end of 2019?A.In China.B.In America.C.All

6、 over theworld.3.Is it easy for the doctors to cure COVID-19?A.Yes,it is.B.No,it isnt.C.Not mentioned.4.How many ways are mentioned for the spread of the new coronaviruses?A.1.B.2.C.3.【答案】1.A2.A3.B4.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲了三方面的内容：1.什么是冠状病毒？2.新型冠状病毒；3.病毒是如何传播的？【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据“Coronaviruses were discovered i

7、n the 1960s.”可知，冠状病毒是在 20 世纪 60 年代发现的。故选 A。【2 题详解】细节理解题。根据“At the end of 2019,a new type of coronavirus started spreading in China.”可知，2019 年底，新型冠状病毒开始在中国蔓延，故选 A。【3 题详解】细节理解题。根据“Unfortunately,when viruses are transmitted from animals to people，it cantake scientists a lot of time before they can deve

8、lop a vaccine or medicines to cure it.”（不幸的是，当病毒从动物传播给人类时，科学家要花很长时间才能研制出治疗病毒的疫苗或药物。）可知，文中提到专家研制治疗病毒的疫苗或药物需要很长时间,故不容易治疗，选 B。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，病毒人传人的方式有两种：1.与被感染者接触；2.接触了被感染者接触过的东西。故选 B。BBelow is how four students answered their teachers question in class.LilyI like shopping and talking to peopl

9、e.I think I can learn how to do business.Maybe sellingclothes is a good business for me.RyanMy hobbies are playing computer games and making friends online.We often share our funnystories by e-mail.I guess I will learn more about computers and make super-smart computerprograms.BillMy parents have ke

10、pt lots of pets since I was little.Weve experienced many things together,good and bad,happy and sad.Those stories have always stayed in my mind.One day,I will sharethem with people by drawing and writing books.AnnaThough my mom and two sisters are all doctors,Im sure I will stay as far away from a h

11、ospitalas I can.I hate being sick,and Im afraid of seeing sick people looking weak and sad.Ill keepstrong by playing my favorite sport,tennis,every day.One day Ill join the national team and beanother Lina.5.What question did the teacher most likely ask in class?A.What do you like to talk about with

12、 your friends?B.Whats your plan for the coming vacation?C.What do you want to do in the future?6.What does the underlined word“them”mean?A.Pets.B.Stories.C.Books.7.How will Anna keep strong?A.She will play tennis every day.B.She will stay as far away from a hospital as possible.C.She will join the n

13、ational team and become another Lina.8.What do we know from the reading?A.Lily is good at making clothes.B.One of Bills parents is an animal doctor.C.Ryan enjoys meeting people on the Internet.【答案】5.C6.B7.A8.C【解析】【5 题详解】推理判断题。根据四位同学的回答Maybe selling clothes is a good business for me；I guess I willlea

14、rn more about computers and make super-smart computer programs；One day,I will share themwith people by drawing and writing books；One day Ill join the national team and be anotherLina，可知 Lily 将来卖衣服；Ryan 想学到更多关于计算机的知识，并制作超级智能的计算机程序；Bill 想通过画画和写书来和人们分享他的故事；Anna 想有一天加入国家队，成为另一个 Lina。由此可推断出老师在问他们将来想干什么，故

15、选 C。【6 题详解】词句猜测题。them“它们”指代复数，根据上文 Those stories have always stayed in my mind.那些故事一直留在我的脑海里。可知 them 指代 stories，Bill 想通过画画和写书来和人们分享他的故事，故选 B。【7 题详解】细节理解题，根据上文 Ill keep strong by playing my favorite sport,tennis,every day.可知她将通过每天玩最喜欢的运动网球来保持强壮。故选 A。【8 题详解】细节理解题。A.Lily is good at making clothes.莉莉擅长做

16、衣服。根据上文Maybe selling clothesis a good business for me.可知对她来说，卖衣服是件好买卖，而不是她擅长做衣服。所以此项说法错误；B.One of Bills parents is an animal doctor.比尔的父母之一是动物医生。根据上文Bill的回答“My parents have kept lots of pets since I was little.”可知他的父母养过很多宠物，但不是动物医生，所以此项说法错误；C.Ryan enjoys meeting people on the Internet.瑞安喜欢在网上见人们。根据上

17、文 Ryan 的回答“My hobbies are playing computer games and makingfriends online.We often share our funny stories by e-mail.”，可知他喜欢在网上交朋友，经常通过电子邮件分享有趣故事。所以此项说法正确，故选 C。CThings You Can Do In One Second To Make Your Life HappierOne second.Thats all it takes to make your life happier.Then check out this listof

18、 things you can do in a single second.That will bring more happiness into your life every day.Give a great big smile.Look for an easy way to make your life happier.Smile more.Smiling can help you feel betterinstantly.And it can be contagious.So give a smile to a total stranger on the street.Or if yo

19、uresad,angry,or annoyed about something,choose to smile and laugh it off instead.Take a deep breath.Deep breathing is one of the best ways to reduce stress and bring balance back into your life.And it only takes a second.Take some time out each day to focus on nothing except your breath.Youll find y

20、our life becomes happier,healthier,and less stressful.Take a sip of water.Its no surprise that drinking water is good for your health.Try keeping a water bottle withyou wherever you go,and take a second to drink water a couple times every hour.Drinking watercan help keep you hydrated,control calorie

21、s,filter your kidneys,and keep healthy skin.Give thanks.Happy people have this in common:They are grateful for all the good things in their lives.This means that to make your life happier,take a few minutes each day and count your blessings.Say“Thank you”more often.Show your appreciation when good t

22、hings come your way.instantly立刻balance平衡focus集中hydrated含水的calorie热量filter过滤kidney肾脏skin皮肤grateful感激blessing福分appreciate感激9.Which can best replace“”in the passage?A.Do you think so?B.Dont believe it?C.Am I right?10.What does the word“contagious”mean in Chinese?A.充满希望的B.滑稽的C.有感染力的11.What can you do to

23、 keep healthy skin?A.Take deep breath.B.Drink some water.C.Give thanks.12.Which“second”in the following has the same meaning as in the passage?A.Downstairs,on the second floor,Michael served Mona breakfast.B.The gun was fired and Beaton was wounded a second time.C.Can you just lift the table for a s

24、econd?【答案】9.B10.C11.B12.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一秒钟内做的事情就能让生活更快乐的方法。【9 题详解】题意：填入文中空格处的最佳选项是什么？推理判断题。根据上文 One second.Thats all it takes to make your life happier 可知，根据常识可知，一秒钟通常做不了什么事情，故此处说的一秒钟就能让生命更快乐，这一说法让人很难相信。B 选项 Dont believe it?“不相信吗？”符合题意，故选 B。【10 题详解】题意：单词“contagious”的中文意思是什么？词句猜测题。根据第二段中 Smiling ca

25、n help you feel better instantly.可知微笑能让你立即感觉很好，根据下文“And it can be contagious.So give a smile to a total stranger on the street.”可知，笑容是会传染的，所以在街上遇到陌生人也应该多笑一笑。C 选项“有感染力的”符合题意，故选 C。【11 题详解】题意：你能做什么来保持皮肤健康？细节理解题。根据原文“Drinking water can help keep you hydrated,control calories,filter yourkidneys,and keep

26、healthy skin.”可知，喝水可以保持皮肤健康。B 选项 Drink some water“喝水”符合题意，故选 B。【12 题详解】题意：本文中“second”的意思与下列哪一项的“second”意思相同？词句猜测题。原文中“second”的意思是“一秒钟”，C 选项 Can you just lift the table for asecond?“你能把桌子抬一下吗？”其中，second 意为“一秒钟”，故选 C。DRobert likes to take a walk in the park after work.One day when he was walking in th

27、e park,he heard a woman calling his name.He stopped to look around,but didnt see anything except alittle snake.Shortly after Robert saw it,it was gone.Though Robert felt a little strange,he did not think about it too much and sat down for a reston a bench in the park.Then he noticed the snake he had

28、 just seen climbing up the bench.Robertwas too afraid to move away from the bench.Right at this moment,a woman behind him shouted,“Come here,Robert.You cant stay on the bench like that.People will be worried by you.”In surprise,Robert turned around and said to the woman,“Excuse me,but thats not a ve

29、rynice thing to say,and in fact some people say Im handsome.”“Im not talking to you,”said the woman,“Im telling Robert,my pet snake,to get downfrom the bench,not you.”bench长凳13.What did Robert see when he heard someone calling his name in the park?A.Nothing.B.Asnake.C.Awoman.14.How did Robert feel w

30、hen he saw the snake climbing up the bench?A.Happy.B.Excited.C.Scared.15.Why did Robert turn around and say something to the woman?A.He thought the woman was talking to him.B.He felt ashamed for his had looking.C.He thought he was not polite.16.What is the best title for the story?A.Two RobertsB.Be

31、Polite to MeC.Sorry,I Made aMistake【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.A【解析】本文讲述了罗伯特在公园散步的时候遇到一条蛇，这条蛇的名字也叫罗伯特，在蛇的主人与蛇讲话的时候，罗伯特以为是在和自己讲话，结果发现主人是在和宠物蛇罗伯特讲话，而不是自己。【13 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“He stopped to look around,but didnt see anything except a littlesnake.”可知，当罗伯特听到有人叫他名字的时候，他看到了一条小蛇。故选 B。【14 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Robert was

32、too afraid to move away from the bench.”可知，当罗伯特看到那条蛇爬上长凳的时候，他感到很害怕。故选 C。【15 题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Im telling Robert,my pet snake,to get down from the bench,not you.”可知，这个女人的宠物蛇也叫罗伯特，所以当这位妇女对自己的宠物蛇说话的时候，罗伯特以为这个女人在叫他，所以他转过去和这个女人说话。故选 A。【16 题详解】最佳标题题。文中主要讲述了罗伯特在公园散步的时候遇到一条小蛇，这条蛇的名字也叫罗伯特，在蛇的主人与蛇讲话的时候，罗伯特以为是

33、在和自己讲话，结果发现不是，所以文章内容围绕“两个罗伯特”展开，最佳标题应为 Two Roberts。故选 A。EHappy,Happy Chinese New Year by Demi HitzIn a book that is itself a celebration,Demi explains the ideas behind the Chinese New Yearfestival.The last 15 days of the old year are spent cleaning and preparing(Wash your hair and geta new haircut.P

34、ay the debts that you owe and collect what is owed to you!).On the eve of the newmoon,a special feast is prepared The first 15 days of the New Year are spent celebrating withlion dances,firecrackers,and other activities.Demi has long been interested in Eastern art and philosophy,which inspired her t

35、o create thisbook about the Chinese New Year celebration.She has written and illustrated more than 20 booksfor children,including The Empty Pot,Gandhi,and Kites:Magic Wishes that Fly Up to the Sky.Chinese New Year for Kids by Cindy RobertsChinese New Year for Kids is a full color book with beautiful

36、,Chinese illustrations.This is ahands-on workbook for parents and teachers,written for children from ages 3 to 12 years old,foruse in the classroom or at home.Children will enjoy the Chinese New Year party ideas,dragondances,lion dances,art projects,and Chinese games.The art projects for Chinese New

37、 Year are designed to be easy,as well as inexpensive toreproduce for large groups.All the activities in this book have been tested in the classroom,withvery successful results,and have caused lots of enthusiasm from children and teachers alike.Music,physical movement,art,and food all add to the ambi

38、ance of taking an imaginary trip toChina during the Chinese New Year.debt债owe欠feast宴会philosophy哲学illustrate插图design设计enthusiasm热情ambiance气氛17.What is“Happy,Happy Chinese New Year”?A.Abook.B.Acelebration.C.Afestival.18.What do Chinese usually do before the New Year?A.They usually have a big meal ever

39、y day.B.They are busy cleaning and preparing.C.They are celebrating with activities.19.Who will most likely read the books by Demi?A.Children from western countries.B.Students from China.C.Indian Children.20.What will the readers most probably do after reading“Chinese New Year for Kids”?A.They will

40、join to write more books about China.B.They will have a strong wish to visit China during Chinese New Year.C.They will enjoy the Chinese New Year party ideas,dragon and lion dances.【答案】17.A18.B19.A20.B【解析】本文介绍了两本关于介绍中国新年的书籍。【17 题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“Happy,Happy Chinese New Year by Demi Hitz；In a book that

41、is itselfa celebration,Demi explains the ideas behind the Chinese New Year festival.”可知，Happy,Happy Chinese New Year 是由黛米希茨所写的一本书。故选 A。【18 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The last 15 days of the old year are spent cleaning and preparing”可知，在新年到来之前，中国人忙着打扫和准备。故选 B。【19 题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Demi has long been interested

42、in Eastern art and philosophy,whichinspired her to create this book about the Chinese New Year celebration.”可知，黛米一直对东方艺术和哲学感兴趣，这本书是关于中国新年庆典的，而且她还写了其他面向孩子的书，所以西方的孩子们最有可能阅读这本书，去了解中国的春节。故选 A。【20 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Music,physical movement,art,and food all add to the ambianceof taking an imaginary trip to

43、 China during the Chinese New Year.”可知，音乐，身体运动，艺术和食物都增加了在中国新年期间去中国旅行的氛围，所以当作者读了这本书以后，他们将有一个强烈的愿望，在春节期间访问中国。故选 B。第二部分知识运用第一节完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Kevin White is an 8-year-old boy from Salt Lake City.He started school two years ago but hehas _21_ been able to ride th

44、e school bus with the other kids.Because of a serious illness,he needs _22_ care even on the way to school.His parents drive him to _23_ eachday.When he heard that a service dog could allow him to ride the bus,he _24_ to get oneat once.However,his family didnt have that much _25_.So Kevin came up wi

45、th an ideato raise money by selling _26_.After Kevin told his father what he _27_,his father helped him grow vegetables intheir yard.To let people know about Kevins _28_ on September 26,Kevins dad wrote_29_ article online,telling people what happened to Kevin and _30_ he wantedto do.The story touche

46、d many peoples hearts _31_ they wanted to lend Kevin a hand.In just a few weeks,Kevins vegetables were _32_.People even began giving_33_ own vegetables to Kevin to sell.With the help of others,Kevin has _34_ over 21,000 dollars in all.Kevin said hewould use the money to buy service dog and give the

47、money left _35_ other children inneed.21.A.alwaysB.oftenC.never22.A.specialB.strangeC.usual23.A.workB.schoolC.home24.A.wantedB.wentC.refused25.A.foodB.timeC.money26.A.fruitB.vegetablesC.flowers27.A.heardB.saidC.thought28.A.lifeB.storyC.problem29.A.aB.anC.the30.A.whatB.whichC.that31.A.andB.butC.or32.

48、A.put outB.given outC.sold out33.A.ourB.yourC.their34.A.sentB.raisedC.donated35.A.toB.forC.from【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.A25.C26.B27.C28.B29.B30.A31.A32.C33.C34.B35.A【解析】这篇短文讲述的是 8 岁的男孩 Kevin 患有重病，他不能独自坐校车上学。服务犬可以帮助Kevin 坐校车上学，但需要很多钱买到，于是 Kevin 就想通过卖菜筹集钱。当人们听说了Kevin 的故事之后，他们都给 Kevin 伸出了援助之手，Kevin 很快就把钱筹集够了

49、。【21 题详解】句意：他两年前开始上学，但他从来不能和其他孩子一起坐校车。考查副词辨析及语境。always 总是；often 经常；never 从不。根据下文“Because of a seriousillness,he needs_2_care even on the way to school.His parents drive him to_3_each day.”可知，Kevin 患有重病，需要照顾，他不能坐校车上学，他的父母开车送他上学。故选 C。【22 题详解】句意：因为一场重病，他即使在上学的路上也需要特殊照顾。考查形容词辨析及语境。special 特殊的，特别的；strang

50、e 奇怪的，陌生的；usual 通常的。根据句意和常识可知，Kevin 患有重病，所以需要特殊的照顾。故选 A。【23 题详解】句意：每天他的父母开车送他去学校。考查名词辨析及语境。work 工作；school 学校；home 家。根据上文“He started school two yearsago but he has_1_been able to ride the school bus with the other kids.”可知，Kevin不能和其他孩子一起坐校车上学，因此这里应说的是父母送他去学校。故选 B。【24 题详解】句意：当他听说服务犬可以让他坐公共汽车时，他想马上买一条。