Unit 5 教学 知识细解码 教材讲解 2021-2022学年【新教材】外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册.doc

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1、1annual adj.一年一度的，每年的annually adv.一年一度地2determine v测定，确定determined adj.坚决的；有决心的 determination n决心；决定3eventual adj.最后的；最终的；结果的eventually adv.终于，最终4solve vt.解决；解答solution n解决，解决方法5amaze vt.使吃惊；惊讶amazed adj.感到吃惊的amazement n惊奇amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的6survive vi.活下来，幸存survival n幸存survivor n幸存者7effect n影响，结果e

2、ffective adj.有效的，有影响的effectively adv.有效地position n.位置，方位；姿势；身份，地位；职位，职务；处境，状况No one could find their position on the map and they were lost. 位置 He was sent to hold a high position in the firm. 地位，职位Now let us look at the wage position. 状况The man was lying in a very uncomfortable position. 姿势Words an

3、d Phrasesseek vt.寻找，寻求(教材原句P50)They migrate to find food，seek a partner，or in search of warmer weather.他们迁徙或为了寻找食物，或为了寻找伴侣，或为了寻找温暖的天气。例He sought out his friend in the crowd.他在人群中找到了他的朋友。知识拓展seek to do sth.设法、企图做某事seek after/for 追求，探索seek out 搜寻出；挑选出；找到seek ones fortune 外出寻找发财机会，外出闯荡即学即练单句语法填空The you

4、ng singer seeks to sing (sing)a song which can be spread nationwide.Why do modern people seek after/for material possessions?He sought out a comfortable place where he could lie down and take a rest.measure v.量，测量；衡量linking verb(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为n.措施，方法；计量标准(教材原句P50)They have found out that the monarch

5、 is able to tell the time of day.It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.他们发现黑脉金斑蝶可以分辨出一天的时刻。它用眼睛来测量太阳的方位。例The tailor asked me to stand there to measure my waist.裁缝让我站那里测量一下我的腰围。知识拓展take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事to ones own measure 按照某人自己的尺寸即学即练单句语法填空The local government is supposed to

6、take effective measures to protect (protect)wildlife in no time.The table measures (measure)at least 1.50 meters in length.The tailor made a suit to the poor boys own measure.小片段填空Education shouldnt be measured only by examination results.The government should take useful and effective measures to i

7、mprove education.(measure)determine v.测定，确定，查明，准确算出；决定；安排(教材原句P50)These two pieces of informationthe time of day and the point where the sun is in the skyallow the butterfly to determine the way to go.这两条信息一天中的时刻和太阳在空中的方位让黑脉金斑蝶确定它的路线。例No matter what happens，she has determined to tell the truth.无论发生什

8、么事，她都已经决定把真相说出来。知识拓展(1)determine to do sth.(表示动作)决心做 某事，决定做某事determine on sth. 决心/决定(2)determination nU决心，果断，坚定，决定，确定(3)determined adj. 坚定的，坚决的be determined to do sth. (表示状态)决心做某事，决意做某事即学即练单句语法填空I am determined to make (make)full use of my spare time to do exercise.He patted me on the shoulder，with

9、a determined(determine)look，saying that I had the chance to succeed.The scientist spend a whole week in the lab，determined to find(find)out the real cause of the reaction.小片段填空Some related students were determined to keep silent about what happened.Our headteacher set out to determine what happened

10、that night.His determined look changed some of the students.(determine)amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的(教材原句P51)The solution to the mystery of the monarchs amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.黑脉金斑蝶这一惊人的奥秘被揭开时，这一生物正处于水深火热的生存状态中。例A senior high school is an amazing place，filled with chanc

11、es and excitement that cant be found anywhere else.高中校园是一个令人惊奇的地方，充满了其他地方找不到的机会和激动。知识拓展(1)amaze vt.使惊奇(2)amazed adj. 大为惊奇的be amazed at/by/that. 对感到惊奇be amazed to do sth. 惊奇地做某事(3)amazement n. 惊奇，惊诧to ones amazement 令某人感到惊奇的是in amazement 惊奇地即学即练单句语法填空It was only after we had watched Amazing China tha

12、t we realized what amazing(amaze)achievements China has made in the past five years.The amazed expression on her face suggested she was amazed when she heard the news.(amaze)Much to my amazement (amaze)，he was able to recite(背诵)the whole poem from memory.小片段填空It is amazing that he never gets tired.W

13、hat makes us more amazed is that he learns almost everything faster than others.To our amazement，he could always find a way to solve the difficult problems before him.(amaze)destroy v.破坏，摧毁，毁掉(教材原句P51)In many of the places where the butterfly can be found，people are destroying the natural environmen

14、t.在黑脉金斑蝶生存的许多地方，人们正在破坏自然环境。例A number of paintings in Cathdrale Notre Dame de Paris were destroyed in a fire in 2019.巴黎圣母院里的许多油画在2019年被一场大火毁掉了。知识拓展destruction n.破坏，摧毁，毁灭destructive adj. 毁灭性的，引起破坏的词义辨析destroy，damage，ruindestroyv. 多指彻底的、毁灭性的破坏，含有不能或很难再修复的意味。damagev. &n.多指对价值和功能的破坏，多用于无生命的事物，一般还可以修复。rui

15、nv.& n多指出于外部原因而受到严重破坏以致不能修复，且这种破坏使某物失去价值或用处。也可用于引申意义，表示希望、愿望的破灭。即学即练选词填空(destroy，damage，ruin)Before the firemen arrived，the whole building had already been completely destroyed in the big fire.The rainy weather lasted for a couple of days，completely ruining our plan for a picnic.The truck whose engi

16、ne was damaged yesterday is being repaired in the garage now.小片段填空In the spring of 2020，a big fire destroyed a large part of the forest in the western Australia.Peoples destructive activities may cause the destruction of the earth.(destroy)cut down砍倒；削减，缩小(数量、数目或尺寸)(教材原句P51)They cut down trees and u

17、se chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat.人们砍伐树木，他们所使用的化学制剂杀死了黑脉金斑蝶幼虫食用的植物。例 It was by cutting down the number of the staff that she saved the company.正是通过裁员，她才挽救了公司。知识拓展cut in插嘴，打断(谈话)cut off 打断；停止，中断(供给)； 使与外界隔离cut down on. 减少/缩减cut up 切碎即学即练用cut的相关短语完成句子Tom has been told to

18、have the tree cut downThe doctor had to cut off the workers arm to save his life.Children should be taught not to cut in when other people are talking.Having the apple that has been cut up is not good for the childrens teeth.survive vi.生存，存活，继续存在vt.幸存，幸免于难；比活(或存在)的时间长(教材原句P51)The more we know about

19、this lovely creature，the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它生存下来并在很长一段时间内保持它在自然界中的地位的可能性就越大。例It is hard to imagine the young man surviving on such a low salary.很难想象这个年轻人靠这么少的工资生存下来。知识拓展(1)survive on sth.依靠生活survive sb.b

20、y 时间 比某人多活(2)survival nU 幸存，生存，存活survivor n. 幸存者，生还者即学即练单句语法填空The only way for us human to survive (survive)is to live in harmony with nature.She survived her husband by ten years.小片段填空Fortunately，Mr. Johnson was one of the survivors who survived the earthquake.He told us he survived on a bottle of

21、water.Everyone said his survival was a wonder.(survive)Sentence Patterns替代词that的用法(教材原句P50)One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.北美黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙是大自然中最为美妙的迁徙之一。句式分析：本句是简单句，that替代的是the migration。例1 The weather today is no better than that of yesterda

22、y.今天的天气比昨天好不到哪里去。(that替代的是the weather)例2The book I bought yesterday has more detailed information about the war than that you referred to me。(that替代的是the book)关于那场战争，我昨天买的那本书比你向我提到的那本书有更详细的资料。词义辨析that，one，itthat只指物，不指人。可代替有定冠词的可数名词和不可数名词，指的是同类事物中另一样东西，即同类异物。复数用those。that/those需带后置定语。one可指人或物。只代替有不定冠

23、词的可数名词，是泛指，复数形式为ones。one/ones既可带后置定语，也可带前置定语。it代指上文提到的名词，指同类事物中的同一物体，复数为they。即学即练用适当的代词填空In many ways，the education system in the US is not very different from that in the UK.I was blessed with a happy childhood，one that everyone else wanted to have.Older staff members are more experienced while you

24、nger ones are more energetic and have better foreign language skills.Ive lost my smartphone and Im looking for itthe比较级(主语谓语)，the比较级(主语谓语)(教材原句P51)The more we know about this lovely creature，the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.我们对这种可

25、爱的生物了解得越多，它生存下来并在未来很长一段时间内保持它在自然界中的地位的可能性就越大。句式分析：句中“The more we know”和“the greater the chance it will survive” 属于“the比较级主语谓语，the比较级主语谓语”句式，表示“越就越”(1)通常情况下，这一句式中的前者即前一个“the比较级(主语谓语)”相当于条件状语从句；后者即后一个“the比较级(主语谓语)”相当于主句。(2)该句式表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。(3)在表示将来意义的情况下，前者常用一般现在时，后者常用一般将来时。(4)如果句意明确，该句式常以省略形式出现，即“th

26、e比较级，the比较级”。如The more，the better。例1The harder you study，the more progress you will make.你越是努力学习，你获得的进步就会越多。例2The more he explained，the more confused we became.他越解释，我们越困惑。知识拓展(1)比较级and比较级越来越(表示自身程度的改变)(2)the比较级of the two可数名词复数，表示“两者中比较的那一个”。即学即练单句语法填空The more fat you take in，the greater burden youll

27、 put on your body.The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you will make(make).Ecommerce has become more and more popular as people have discovered the advantages of online shopping.教材高考1.One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.(2020江苏卷)The d

28、aily number of newly cured and discharged (出院)patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.2.These two pieces of informationthe time of day and the point where the sun is in the skyallow the butterfly to determine the way to go.(2019天津卷)Driven by heavenknowswhat motives，he determines to write

29、 a book.3.The solution to the mystery of the monarchs amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.(2017全国卷)Its an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals，corporations，and other social organizations.4.The more we know about this lov

30、ely creature，the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.(2019 浙江卷)Usually，the stranger the idea is，the more it gets noticed.(2020全国卷)Its true，the older I get，the more I feel time has wings.单句语法填空1Some immediate measures should be taken to s

31、olve (solve)these problems.2Hard as it is，the Chinese government is determined to open (open)up the new Silk Road.3Much to his relief，his son eventually (eventual)passed the driving test.4It may take a long time for us to find the solution to the problem.5It was amazing(amaze)that the little boy cam

32、e first in the running competition.6Human activity will have a great effect on the future of the earth.7The more we do for the children，the happier (happy)they will feel.8The policemen were seeking after/for the truth of the accident.9Sales director is a position where communication ability is just

33、as important as sales skills.10The discovery of new evidence led to the thiefs being caught(catch).短语填空in trouble，the solution to，at certain times，make sure，feed on，in the last few years，lead to，in search of，cut down，find out 1If the American government couldnt deal with the accident properly，it wou

34、ld lead to more violence.2More woods have been cut down in order to build more houses.3Make sure that you have understand what the teacher said.4The butterflies feed on flowers of different plants.5Try not to make yourself in trouble because there is going to be an exam tomorrow.6. Many changes have

35、 taken place in his hometown in the last few years7So far they havent found the solution to this problem.8Rescuing workers are digging through the ruins in search of other victims.9He can be really badtempered at certain times10Would you call me as soon as you find out where she is?.课文语法填空At certain

36、 times of the year，we can see many animals move from one place to 1.anotherThis movement 2.is called(call)migration.They migrate 3.to find(find)food，a partner or to search for 4.warmer(warm)weather.Every fall，millions of beautiful monarch 5.butterflies(butterfly)begin the journey.They manage to trav

37、el a long distance to the places 6.where they will spend the winter.Scientists find the monarch is able to tell 7.the time of day.It then uses 8.its(it)eyes to measure the position of the sun.But the population of them 9.has crashed(crash)in the last few years.The more we know about them，the greater the chance they 10.will survive(survive).10