高一新教材英语第五单元知识点详解.docx

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1、第一部分：词汇1. 英汉对译billion basedshelldialect tonguesemesterpantsgapCEdynastycalligraphycharactersubwaygaspetrolapartmentKeanDanishDenmarkArabicFIFA ups and downsfactorsymbol systembonevocabularycarveaffair2. 会变词形referreference referredreferring prefervarietyvariousvarydiversity classicclassclassicaldescr

2、iptiondescribeglobalglobespecificspecialspecialistrelaterelationrelativerelativity begbeggarreferreferencerefereemajormajority 3. 课本所见 corridor square properly pronunciation clearly entry definition device memory service brush complicated linking adapt era redicaloverallstronglycapitalisation 1). Th

3、ey reflect a concentrated beam of light onto the towns centralsquare, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600squaremeters. 2). A desk dictionary is medium-sized, generally containing over 170, 000entriesas well as extra features. 3). Despite the poorserviceof the hotel, the manager is reluctant to

4、invest in sufficient training for his staff. 4). I have my carservicedregularly. 5). With a 3D printer, a cook can printcomplicatedchocolate sculptures. 6). Human beings will continue toadaptto the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways. 7). Second, take theoverallappearance of the n

5、eighborhood seriously.4. 列举掌握Attitude1). It would help shape a realistic and seriousattitudeto life.2). I had to change myattitudeabout their ability and potential.Means1). By the time these solutions become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverermeans.2). Time is money, but that pr

6、inciplemeansdifferent things for different types of restaurants.3). It is by nomeansaccidental.point of viewHe could not put across hispoint of viewto the audience.struggle 1). Hestruggledto explain what he heard in his head.2). Most of his adult life has been a losingstruggleagainst debt and misfor

7、tune.Base1). A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it isbasedon trust and existing relationships.2). At thebaseis a rainforest.Native1). He is a native of Beijing.2). He is native to Beijing.3). Beijing is his native town.5. 重点掌握refer 1). Englishmen had been referring to insect

8、s as bugs for more than a century. 2). For example,there are huge amounts of reference books which Iamoften confused to choose from. 3). Peoplereferthe man who was afraid of his wife as henpecked. 4). Referto the dictionary when you dont know how to spell a word.Despite1). Despiterecent advancements

9、 in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome.2). Despitethe pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.3). China is widely known for its ancient civilisations which continued all the way through into modern times, depite the many ups and downs in its history

10、.(课文原文)date back to 1). It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos,datingall the way back to the 1800s.2). The attraction of the cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that its collectionsda

11、tefrom the middle ages.3). The dictionary is out ofdate: many words have been added to the language since it was published.4). Then the last thing is about filling in a form with up-to-datepersonal data.5). Stonehenge is one of the worlds most famous prehistoric monumentsdatingback over 5, 000 years

12、.6). Can I go out on adate?7). She begandatingboys when she was sixteen.Major1). As for driverless cars, what is the authorsmajorconcern?2). Half of all college students change theirmajorat some point.3). What subject did youmajorin at university?no matter who, how,what1). Any dog bite,no matterhow

13、small, needs immediate medical attention. 2). Next time you take a walk, nomatterwhere it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. 3). And there was plenty of opportunity to dowhateveryou felt like doing.(不可以换成no matter what) 4). He said people will be the winner,whateverthe outcome.(可以换成n

14、o matter what)regard1). A youth is to beregardedwith respect.2). Mountains areregardedas spiritual places by many cultures.3). In secondary school, Id been a popular student and a highlyregardedathlete.4). We have a greatregardfor the advanced workers.5). Asregardsthe war, Haig believed in victory a

15、t any price.6). Regardingthese facts, a special committee is to be appointed.7). Regardlessof your choice of course, youll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.8). Please give myregardsto your teacher.Chinas image is improving steadily, with more countries recognizing its role

16、in internationalaffairs.Appreciate1). Very quickly, she learned toappreciatelife rather than to judge everything so harshly.2). It gave me a newappreciationfor his strange and delightful words. 3). Like me,this woman was here to stop,sigh and appreciate the view.4). Then Id appreciate it if you didn

17、t wear them in class5). Only then did I truly begin to appreciate Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times.Equal1). Many inner-city school teachers are notequalto their jobs.2). Every year, people in America use energyequalto over 30million barrels of oil each day.3). I think its a pr

18、oblem because youre not givingequalaccess to education to everybody.4). In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have noequal.5). Your personal circumstances areequallyimportant.Demand1). In America thedemandfor oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.2). More wind power stations will spring up

19、 to meet thedemandfor clean energy.3). Now, a new study suggests getting benefits from exercise doesnt have to be thatdemanding.4). I guess that theres probably somedemandingwork schedule.relate to1). This is quite important, because it is directlyrelatedto your commitment.2). The authors of both st

20、udies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people.3). The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want.4). When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street

21、 interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questionsrelatingto it.第二部分：短语set you in a corridor for life限定了你的生活方式official language官方语言speak as作为语言去使用attitude to(towards)对什么的态度do business with Russians与俄国人做生意in French用法语at the beginning起初by the Shang Dynasty

22、到了商代by means of通过什么方式global affairs全球事务connect with与什么有关联known as作为什么而熟知appreciation of Chinses culture对中国文化的欣赏doubled in size成倍增长reach the goal实现目标I beg your pardon.对不起an online forum网线论坛have a lot of trouble with做什么有许多麻烦catch ones words听懂某人的话get used to习惯于make ones request提出要求give a clear descript

23、ion of清楚地描述ideas on关于什么的想法in any way以任何方式aside from除什么以外take on a new language学习一门新的语言raise ones voice提高声音fall silent沉默a demand on对什么的要求ask for要求be made up of由什么构成by group按组分类keep pigs养猪in alphabetical order按字母顺序第三部分：句子1. Which languages do you think are officially used here?插入语在句子中主要起否定和疑问的作用。在分析句子

24、成份的时候，可以把他们忽略。 1).Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?(问主语) 2). Why do you think environmental protection is important in America? (问状语) 3). Where do you think you are? (问表语) 4). I dont think we would have randomly invited him ov

25、er. (起否定) 5). Are you sure youre ready for the best? (起疑问) 6). Im sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept assistance from. (肯定形式) 7). Im not surewhichis more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.2. Pronouns refer to something mentioned ea

26、rlier. 注意earlier做时间状语的用法1). Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch. 2). Sixteen years earlier (early),Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to (cook) a meal. (17浙江语法)3). We had made our reservation six months 17 (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.（earlier）

27、 （14广东语法） 4). A few hours_62_, Id been at home in Hong Kong. (earlier/before) (15全国1语法)3. Over the years, the system developed into different forms.Over+段时间的用法 1). In order to find the missing child, villagers have been doing all they can over the past five hours.(完成时) 2). As a result its likely to

28、see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term. (将来) 3). Calcium EDTA removes lead from the blood over several days. (一般现在) 4). Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become th

29、inner. 5). My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend.6). In Britain,its not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast.7). Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8million. (一般过去时)4. The writing system was of great importance.Of+名词表示形容词的功能(of后面的名

30、词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词)1). First, I find taking part in the English corner can be of great help in learning English.2). The far side of the moon is of particular _ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters. (interest) (20年全国I卷) 3). We are of an age.(of one/the same age/different a

31、ges).5. How does written Chinese connect Chinese people today with those of the past.代词those的用法与that1). Since 1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that of those being born by a massive 50%.2). As a retired ear doctor, I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well

32、 as those with hearing loss. 3). The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. 6. It is believed that Chinese calligraphy dates back to at least the Han Dynasty.It is said that 从句1). It is said that rap (说唱) music was invented by

33、 a classical musician in 1912.2). It is thought that they are capitalising on their predators(天敌)fleeing to quieter areas.7. The idea developed that calligraphy was not only a beautiful art form but also a civilization of showing the character of the man behind the brush.名词性从句-主语的同位语 1). However,you

34、ng people point to the fact that classical music has been outstripped(超越) by technology.2). The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want.3). We shared the brief that if youre fortunate eno

35、ugh to have success,you should put something back.4). The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here.8. Add a preposition where necessary. 状语从句的省略I couldnt help but love the language.不定式的省略1). One group was asked to seek

36、 out an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary.2). They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible.3). I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.4). I have no choice but to bother you to correct m

37、y mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.5). The first thing he did was to find shelter form the freezing wind and snow.(前有实意动词do，后面省略不定式to)一感二听三让四看省略不定式to,被动语态还原to,help半to半不to6). He found that science amazed Times readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.7). Th

38、e next day, my brother and I went to the beach where we watched some people play volleyball. 9. I think it all depends on who you are talking to.介词宾语从句 1). This type of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary. 2). That kind of depends on whether youre busy thinking or busy exercisi

39、ng. 3). They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place. 4). The next time you are deciding on what to wear or what color to decorate your room,think about the color carefully. 5). I had been giving all of my attention to what was goi

40、ng wrong with my life rather than what was right! 6).But at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say.10. 熟词生意I need a few words to bridge the gap between us.“bridge”的本意是“在什么之间架起桥梁”的意思，这里可以翻译成抚平我们之间的代沟。I cant keep all the new vocabulary straight in my head.“straight”副词，“直接地”Egnl

41、ish is a crazy language.“crazy”表示“不理智的”、“疯狂的”，显然我们不能把这个句子翻译成“英语是一个疯狂的语言。”，在本文，它表示的是有些时候英语的表达看起来有地不合乎常理，看起来很怪异。所以这个句子我们可以翻译成“英语是一个神奇的语言。” 单句语法填空：1. There is a sale _ my favourite shop. (at)2. Thats what I mean _ pants.(by)3. I am talking to someone senior _ me. (to)4. Reading those books opened a win

42、dow _ me _ another world.(for/to)5. It sounds_(beauty). (beautiful)6. Would you mind_(repeat)? (repeating)7. When I listen to native English speakers _(talk) in a video,I can catch only a few words. (talking)8. A unified writing system is considered _(be) an important part of civilised society. (to

43、be)9. I told my mum that I wanted to give up and_ I would never live in a country where German was spoken.( that)有2个以上的陈述句做并列宾语从句时，从第二个宾语从句开始起，所有的连词that都不能省略，必须保留。四 第四部分：语法定语从句1). Talk about reasons why people study a foreign language. This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do

44、 something you love.2). Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster.3). Written Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past. Now we have a special offer for 10 days,during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery.4). The high regard for the Chinese writing sy