2024年高考英语一轮复习（新人教版） 第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第一册 Unit 4　Body Language.docx

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1、.认阅读单词1demonstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明2gesture n手势；姿势；姿态3identical adj.相同的4interpret vt.把理解(解释)为 vi.& vt.口译5waist n腰；腰部6fake adj.假装的；假的；冒充的7trial n& v审讯；审判；试验；试用8nonverbal adj.不涉及言语的；非言语的9reveal vt.揭示；显示；露出10tick vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号 vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声 n钩号11chin n下巴12distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心13ultimately adv.最终；最后14i

2、ntervene vi.干预；介入15component n组成部分；零件16tone n语气；腔调；口吻.记重点单词1appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的2witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n目击者；证人3cheek n面颊；脸颊4bow vi.鞠躬；点头 vt.低(头) n弓；蝴蝶结5barrier n隔阂；障碍6incident n发生的事情；严重事件；冲突7twin adj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的 n孪生之一；双胞胎之一8internal adj.内部的；里面的9slump vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)10pose n故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆

3、好姿势 vt.造成(威胁、问题等)11bend vt.& vi.(bent，bent)(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向12clarify vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清13lower vt.把放低；降低；减少 adj.下面的；下方的；较小的14imply vt.意味着；暗示15stare vi.盯着看；凝视 n凝视16ceiling n天花板；上限17perceive vt.察觉；看待；理解18chest n胸部；胸膛19merely adv.只是；仅仅；只不过20bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因操心 n麻烦；不便21weep vi.& vt.哭泣；流泪22conflict n矛盾；冲突 v

4、i.冲突；抵触.知拓展单词1interaction n交流；相互影响interact vi.相互交流；相互影响2vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变various adj.不同的；各种各样的variety n多样性；变化；种类3approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过approval n赞成；同意；批准approving adj.赞许的；赞成的4employ vt.使用；应用；雇用employee n雇员；受雇者employer n雇主；雇用者employment n雇用；聘用5differ vi.相异；不同于different adj.不同的；有差异的difference n差别

5、；差异6favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n帮助；恩惠；赞同favourable adj.赞成的；有利的7anger n愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒angry adj.生气的；愤怒的angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地8reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的rely vi.依赖；信赖9slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的slightly adv.略微；稍微10assess vt.评估；评价assessment n评价；评定11educator n教师；教育工作者；教育家educate vt.教育educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的education n教育12

6、tendency n趋势；倾向tend vt.& vi.照料；护理 vi.倾向于；有的趋势13barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚bare adj.赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的14occupy vt.占据；占用occupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的occupation n占领；职业15distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的16anxiety n焦虑；担心；害怕anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的anxiously adv.焦虑地17embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的embarrassing adj.

7、使人难堪的；令人尴尬的embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬embarrassment n难堪；窘迫18ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧shame n羞耻；羞愧；让人遗憾的事shameful adj.可耻的shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的19inquire/enquire vi.& vt.询问；打听inquiry/enquiry n询问；调查20adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的adjustment n调整；调节；适应21react vi.(对)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应reaction n

8、反应；副作用1guidance n引导；指导2guilty adj.有罪的；犯法的；感到惭愧的3gymnasium n体育馆4handle n柄；把手 vt.处理5handy adj.手边的；附近的；方便的6harbour (美harbor) n港口7hazard vt.使遭受危险 n危险8headline n(报刊的)大字标题.背核心短语1by contrast相比之下2by comparison(与)相比较3make inferences推理；推断4break down消除；分解；打破5straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐6in other words换句话说；也就是说7cal

9、l on(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请8at work有某种影响；在工作.悟经典句式1For example，making eye contactlooking into someones eyesin some countries is a way to display interest.(a way to do.)例如，在一些国家，眼神交流(即直视某人的眼睛)是表示兴趣的一种方式。2However，you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany，as it is not considered polite.

10、(as引导原因状语从句)然而，在巴西和德国，你应该避免做出这一手势，因为这是一个被视为不礼貌的手势。3Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.(部分否定)当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。4While it is easy to perceive when students are interested，bored，or distracted，it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.(while引导

11、让步状语从句)尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。5Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually，so they can all get the most out of school.(疑问词不定式)他们的肢体语言让我知道该何时调整课堂活动、何时干预、何时与学生单独谈话，从而让他们在校收获最大。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇

12、完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。In our interactions with others，we usually employ appropriate body language，namely，nonverbal language to demonstrate our internal emotions.Sometimes we have difficulty in interpreting and distinguishing gestures because they arent 1.identical.So we should learn to perceive，assess

13、 and adjust our words accordingly.For instance，if a person is embarrassed and ashamed，he will 2.lower his head，slightly bend his body，and stare at the ground.If a person boils with anger or experiences anxiety，he will have a tendency to cross arms in front of his chest，with tears rolling down his ch

14、eeks.If a person does not move his eyes for a long time，it means that he is 3.distracted.By contrast，if a person approves of or 4.favours a plan，he may be witnessed straightening up and nodding his head.Certainly we cant always make reliable inferences because body language differs in different coun

15、tries and 5.varies from person to person.Nevertheless，I still call on people to reveal body language with the purpose of breaking down the barriers in our daily communication.After all，properly 6.reacting to body language is an important component of our daily routine.In other words，we should occupy

16、 ourselves in learning some body language to ultimately avoid some unnecessary conflicts.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变(various adj.不同的；各种各样的 variety n多样性；变化；种类)vary from.to.在到之间变化；从到不等vary in sth 在某方面不同vary with.随而变化a variety ofvarieties ofvarious多种多样的(1)In our daily life，we will come across

17、 various(vary) barriers，so we should try to break them down.(2)In my class the students vary in height from 150 cm to 170 cm.(3)我们的英语口语俱乐部经常组织各种各样的有意义的活动，鼓励我们获得乐趣的同时说英语。而且，这些活动随季节而变化。(2022天津3月，书面表达)Our Spoken English Club regularly organizes a variety of/varieties of/various meaningful activities，en

18、couraging us to speak English as well as get pleasure.Besides，these activities vary with seasons.(4)我有许多爱好，从打篮球到弹钢琴不等。I have a number of hobbies，which vary from playing basketball to playing the piano.(定语从句)I have a number of hobbies，varying from playing basketball to playing the piano.(非谓语动词) appro

19、ve vi.赞成，同意 vt.批准；通过(approval n赞成；通过；同意；认可；批准 approving adj.赞许的；许可的)approve of赞成，同意approve sth 批准某事give ones approval to sth 批准某事(1)The distinguished educator gave us an approving(approve) nod to our plan.(2)如果您能批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。(应用文写作之申请信)We would be grateful if you could approve our proposal.(appro

20、ve)We would be grateful if you could give your approval to our proposal.(approval)(3)既然您赞成我的主意，我就详细地向您介绍一下。Now that you have approved of my idea，I will introduce it to you in detail. favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n帮助；恩惠；赞同(favourable adj.赞成的；有利的)favour sth/doing sth 较喜欢某事/做某事ask sb a favourask a favour of sb

21、 求某人帮一个忙do a favour for sb do sb a favour帮某人一个忙owe sb a favour欠某人的人情in favour of赞成；支持in sbs favour对某人有利(1)By performing appropriate measures，we have created a favourable(favour) learning environment in the self-study room.(2022浙江6月，应用文写作)(2)He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them werent

22、in favour of his opinion.(3)When I take photos，I favour posing(pose) in this way for a photograph.(4)我写这封信，希望您能够在即将到来的面试中帮助我。在您的帮助下，整个形势会对我有利。(应用文写作之求助信)Im writing this letter，hoping that you can do me a favour/do a favour for me with my coming interview.With the help of you，the whole situation will

23、 be in my favour. occupy vt.占用；占领；占据(occupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的 occupation n占领；职业)occupy sb/oneself with sth/in doing sth 忙于做某事；专心做某事be occupied with sth/in doing sth 忙于做某事(1)Ultimately，you must state your full name，age and occupation(occupy) in your application form.(2)Because they were occupied in m

24、aking and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around.(2020新高考全国，读后续写)Occupying themselves in making and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)Occupied in making and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around.(用过去分词短语作状语改写) ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧(shame n羞耻；羞愧；让人遗

25、憾的事 shameful adj.可耻的 shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的)be/feel ashamed of.为而感到羞耻be ashamed to do sth 羞于/耻于做某事Its a shame that.真让人遗憾。What a shame/pity！真遗憾！(1)It is a shame that my plan hasnt been approved.(2)我是如此羞愧，以至于我感觉心如刀绞，眼泪模糊了我的双眼。(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)I was so ashamed that I felt as if a knife were piercing my hea

26、rt，tears clouding my eyes.(用so.that.句型)So ashamed was I that I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart，tears clouding my eyes.(用so.that.句型的倒装形式改写) adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯(adjustment n调整；适应 adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的)adjust (oneself) to (doing).适应；习惯adjust.to.调整以适应make an adjustment/adjustme

27、nts作出调整(1)To my great sorrow，the height of the bicycle is barely adjustable(adjust)(2)我写信向您寻求一些如何适应新环境的建议。(应用文写作之求助信)I am writing to ask you for some advice on how to adjust (myself) to the new surroundings.(3)由于我没有及时调整相关的信息，这给您带来极大的不便，我写信向您道歉。(应用文写作之道歉信)I am writing to apologize to you for my not a

28、djusting the relevant information in time，causing great inconvenience to you.(adjust)I am writing to apologize to you for my not making adjustments to the relevant information in time，which caused great inconvenience to you.(adjustment，定语从句) break down分解；(机器)损坏，出故障；(谈判)失败；(身体)垮掉；消除；打破break away (fro

29、m)离开；脱离break in(不及物)插嘴；闯入break into(及物)闯入；突然起来break out爆发break up分散；拆散；驱散；分手break through突破；克服用break的相关短语填空(1)What angered me was that my car broke down on the way to my company.(2)We arrived home early only to find a thief trying to break in.(3)The presidents tone implied that a war would break out

30、 soon.(4)When the father saw his lost child safe，he broke into tears and his anxiety finally disappeared.(5)The boy and the girl had serious conflicts，so they broke up.(6)The educator hasnt broken through in his teaching so far，so he is thinking about breaking away from the cause of education. in ot

31、her words换句话说，也就是说in a word总之；简言之keep ones word遵守诺言break ones word失信；不守诺言have a word with.与谈一谈have words with sb和某人吵架word came that.有消息传来说有消息传来说因为你不遵守诺言你的搭档和你吵架了。为了消除你们之间的隔阂，为何不真诚地和你的搭档谈一谈，并表达你真诚的道歉呢？另外，从现在起遵守诺言可以避免进一步的冲突。总之，要相信你们最终会和好的。(应用文写作之建议信)(1)Word came that your partner (2)had words with you

32、 because you (3)had broken your word.To break down your barriers，why not (4)have a word with your partner sincerely and express your heartfelt apology? Besides，(5)keeping your word from now on can avoid further conflicts.(6)In a word，do believe that you can ultimately make up with each other. call o

33、n(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请；呼吁；号召call up给打电话；(使)想起call offcancel取消call for(公开)要求；需要call in打电话来；召来，叫来；收回call at sp拜访(地点)用call的相关短语填空(1)I stared at the picture，which called up memories of my last months speechI called on us students to download relevant information from reliable websites.(2)The conference

34、 had been ultimately called off，so we went home instead.(3)Sometimes situations call for us to be strong and brave.(4)The other day I called at my friends home but my friend happened to be ill，so I called in a doctor in an instant. 部分否定 Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in clas

35、s.当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。部分否定：当all，both，each，everybody，everyone，everything，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连用时，便构成了部分否定，意为“不是都；并非都”。全部否定：当neither，no one，no，none，never，nothing，no more，no longer，no way，not.any等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用时，构成“全部否定”。(1)我同意你说的大部分内容，但并非同意你讲的一切。I agree with most of w

36、hat you said，but I dont agree with everything that you said.(2)汤姆让杰克和彼得陪他去野餐，但是他们两个都不想去，因为他们有工作要做。Tom asks Jack and Peter to go on a picnic with him，but neither of them want(s) to，because they have work to do.(3)通过以上图表，可以看出并非所有学生都采用同一种方法学英语。(2022全国乙，书面表达)According to the above graph，it can be seen t

37、hat not all of the students adopt the same approach to learning English/all of the students dont adopt the same approach to learning English.1Class activities will vary from day to day，but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or no

38、tes from the previous class lecture/discussion，so it is important to take careful notes during class.(2022新高考全国)课堂活动每天都有所不同，但是学生必须为完成简短的课堂写作或测试做好准备，这些测试直接来自指定的阅读材料或上节课讲稿/讨论的笔记，因此在课堂上认真记笔记很重要。2To frame his story，Klein creates the character of Ned，a fictional witness to the progress brought about by t

39、he steam and electric revolutions in America during one mans lifetime.(2022浙江1月)为了构建他的故事，克莱恩创造了Ned的这个角色，一个虚构的见证人，他的一生见证了美国蒸汽和电力革命带来的进步。3For a long time，this ineffective hiding method was interpreted as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures.(2022全国乙)很长一段时间里，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药

40、的“以自我为中心的”生物的证据。4They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned，making it hard to produce labiodentals，which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.(2022新高考全国)他们发现古代成年人的上下门牙是对齐的，这使得很难发出唇齿音，唇齿音是用上牙齿碰触下嘴唇形成的。5With their ability to see ahead，t

41、hey could signal any problem，so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.(2022全国乙)由于它们能够看到前方，它们可以就任何问题发生警示，因此，快速行驶的火车将能够及时做出反应。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇.一词多义练/熟词生义练清除阅读障碍1bother(1)Sorry to bother you，but the manager is on the line. C (2)He didnt bother to answer the question. A (3)You neednt

42、bother yourself about small things. B 2employ(1)When did the company start to employ new people？ B (2)Every day I employ myself in doing homework. C (3)He employed an appropriate method to solve the problem. A 3break down(1)My car broke down on the way to the airport. C (2)The peace talks broke down

43、 with no agreement reached. A (3)In other words，your health will break down if you work too hard. D (4)You should break down your tasks in an appropriate way so that you can finish them on time. E(5)Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them. B 4快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇

44、的汉语意思(1)Smoking every day will pose a threat to your physical health.造成(2)His anxiety to win the vote was obvious.渴望(3)Of the two ways of sharing books，the latter wins my favour.好感；喜爱(4)He tried to force me to bend to his will，but in vain.屈从.核心知识强化练巩固语言知识1The new journalist adjusts himself to the ne

45、w environment quite smoothly.2With favourable(favour) weather conditions，lets visit the theme park.3With so many different themes of poetry to choose(choose) from，students may want to write poems of their own.4The government calls on us to protect(protect) rare animals from being extinct.5He didnt b

46、other answering/to answer(answer) my question，which didnt appeal to him.6Occupied(occupy) in his research，he didnt have time to take part in amusing entertainments.7He was ashamed of not being up to his position，so he came up with some good ways to improve himself.8She was employed(employ) in doing the rewarding job every day.9I approve of your accompanying him to Beijing，but please do be careful.10The expert displays the ability to distinguish paintings of high quality from poor ones.单句写作应用文增分练求助信适应高中新环境1我写信向你求助。(favour)I am writing to ask you a favour/ask a favour of you.2我几乎崩溃了