高中英语2024届高考复习词汇讲解练习系列0104（共四组）.doc

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1、高考英语词汇讲解练习系列 一、as we all know01Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.此后,“神舟六号”和“神舟七号”分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行以及中国人的第一次太空行走,随后“玉兔号”月球车被送上月球以探索月球表面。【句型公式】过去分词(短语)作状语【句式点拨】句中followed

2、 by是过去分词短语作伴随状语,可以转换为and was followed by【相关拓展】(1)过去分词作状语的逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致,过去分词与逻辑主语之间一般是被动关系。(2)表示时间、原因、条件、让步的过去分词可以转换成相应的状语从句或并列结构。【活学活用】单句填空The film star walked to his car, (follow) by a crowd of journalists.My English teacher stood there, (surround) by some students asking questions. (give) more t

3、ime and support, we could have done it better. (warn) of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.句式改写The old woman walked slowly to the lift, assisted by her daughter.The old woman walked slowly to the lift (用并列句改写)Though they were beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discoura

4、ged. , the players were not discouraged.(用过去分词改写) 【答案】 followed surrounded Given Warned andwasassistedbyherdaughter Beatenbytheoppositeteam02As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space.众所周知,为了在太空中工作,宇航员需要健康且冷静。【句型公式】as we all know众所周知【句式点拨】as we all know是个常用句型

5、,意为“众所周知”。其他的表达方式还有:as everyone knowsas is known to allIt is known to all thatWhats known to all等。【活学活用】单句填空 everyone knows, China has one of the highest savings rates in the world.Using clean energy, is known to all, plays an important role in pollution reduction.is known to all that soccer is not

6、popular in America, just as basketball in England. is known to all is that nobody can casually succeed, and that success comes from a persons perseverance.句式改写As is known to all,travelling may relax our body, broaden our mind and enrich our life. that travelling may relax our body, broaden our mind

7、and enrich our life.(用it改写) that travelling may relax our body, broaden our mind and enrich our life.(用what改写)【答案】 As as ItWhatItisknowntoallWhatisknowntoallis二、in the hope of doing sth, beyond01inthehopeofdoingsth抱着的希望(1)in the hope that希望that引导同位语从句(2)hope for希望hope to do sth希望做某事【活学活用】单句填空The doc

8、tors gave him more powerful drugs in the hope he might recover.“Hope the best and prepare for the worst” means life is beautiful and full of frustrations as well.完成句子Like many new graduates, I left university in the hope that I would find a good job.Like many new graduates, I left university finding

9、 a good job.Like many new graduates, I left university that I would find a good job.Like many new graduates, I left university find a good job.【答案】thatforinthehopeofhopinghopingto02beyondprep.在更远处;超出(1)prep.指位置上“在更远处”(2)prep.指能力、范围、时间或数量上“非所能及;超出、超过”(3)prep.指“除之外”(4)adv.指“在另一边;在(或向)更远处”(5)常用词块beyond

10、 sb令某人无法理解;非某人力所能及beyond belief/control/repair无法相信/控制/修复beyond expression/description无法表达/难以形容beyond/without doubt毫无疑问【活学活用】一词多义In the meeting room there were not beyond ten professors present. These passengers are going to Beijing and all stations beyond. What else do you know about the stranger be

11、yond what they have said about him? 完成句子He suggests we buy a new machine because the old one has been damaged .他建议我们买一台新机器,因为旧的已经损坏得无法修复了。【答案】(数量)超过在更远处除了外beyondrepair三、independently, signal01independentlyadv.独立地;自立地(1)independentadj.独立的;自主的(2)independencen.独立(3)dependentadj.依靠的;依赖的be dependent on依赖

12、;取决于(4)dependv.依靠,依赖depend on依靠;信赖;取决于【活学活用】单句填空Born to a farming family in 1875, Patel helped India gain (independent) from Britain in 1947.Camping out enables children to solve problems (independent).Whether we take a holiday or not (depend) on how much time Roger can take off from work.完成句子Instea

13、d of helping them from the very beginning, parents should leave their children to about how to deal with the problems they encounter.父母应该让孩子独立思考如何解决他们遇到的问题,而不是从一开始就帮助他们。【答案】independenceindependentlydependsthinkindependently02signalvt.&vi.(to be a sign that sth exists or is likely to happen)标志着;标明;发信

14、号n.信号;标志(1)give signals/a signal to sb向某人发信号a danger/warning/traffic signal危险/警告/交通信号(2)signal (to) sb to do sth示意某人做某事signal (that)示意【易混辨析】signal, symbol和signsignal指为某一目的而有意发出的信号。symbol指象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物。sign普通用词,指人们公认的事物的标志或某种情况的征兆,也可表示“示意动作;手势”等。【佳句背诵】The changing colour of the leaves on the trees

15、 is a signal that it will soon be autumn.树叶颜色的改变表明秋天即将来临。【活学活用】单句填空We overlook sorts of warning (signal) about our own health in our daily life.The policeman signaled the driver (stop) his car by raising his hand.He stood up, (signal) to the police officer that he had finished talking with his clien

16、t.完成句子When the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, .当铃声响起,老师合上书,那就是所有人要起立的信号。The driver behind her that they were going the wrong way.司机示意后面的车辆他们走错了路。选词填空(signal,symbol,sign)The Great Wall of China is regarded as a of Chinese nation.When they found the ship was sinking, they set out the emerg

17、ency SOS.You mustnt smoke in a room with a “No Smoking” .【答案】 signals tostop signaling itwasasignalforeveryonetostandup signaledtothecars/gaveasignaltothecarssymbolsignalsign四、carry on, on board01carryon继续做,坚持干(1)carry on with sth (=go on with sth)继续做某事carry on doing sth继续做某事(2)carry out开展,实施,执行carr

18、y through帮助渡过难关carry away带走;拿走;搬走【活学活用】用carry开头的短语填空They decided to the work in spite of the weather.There is no doubt that his courage him his illness.Several people in the crowd collapsed and had to be by National Guard troops.完成句子Though the task , nobody knows to the end.虽然这项任务正在进行,但没有人知道它是否会进行到底

19、。【答案】carryon(with)carriedthroughcarriedawayisbeingcarriedoutwhetheritwillbecarriedon02onboard在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上(1)boardn.板;木板;董事会;委员会;部门vt.上船/车/飞机board the train/plane 上火车/飞机go on board 上船(火车、飞机等)(2)a message board 留言板a diving board 跳水板on the board 在董事会【佳句背诵】(1)With the plane to take off in ten minutes

20、, all the passengers on board were asked to turn off their mobile phones.飞机十分钟后起飞,机上所有乘客都被要求关掉手机。(2)All their luggage checked, the couple boarded the plane for New York.所有的行李都检查过了,这对夫妇登上了飞往纽约的飞机。【活学活用】单句填空The pilot asked all the passengers board to remain seated as the plane was making a landing.Arr

21、iving at the airport, I (board) the aircraft and settled in for the flight.All the passengers, according to the new regulation, are to be inspected before (board) the subway.完成句子The plane came down in bad weather on Tuesday.(用with复合结构) 星期二客机在恶劣天气中坠毁,当时机上有约100人。【答案】onboardedboardingwithabout100peopleonboard5