黑龙江省大庆铁人中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语含答案.pdf

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1、大庆铁人中学 2021 级高二学年下学期期中考试 英语 试题 考试时间：2023 年 5 月 23 日 第 1 页 共 6 页 大庆铁人中学大庆铁人中学 2021 级高二学年下学期期中考试级高二学年下学期期中考试 英语试题英语试题 试题说明：试题说明：1、本试题满分 150 分，答题时间 120 分钟。2、请将答案填写在答题卡上，考试结束后只交答题卡。第一部分第一部分 听力（共两节，满分听力（共两节，满分 3030 分）分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给

2、的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.When might the mans train arrive?A.At 7:00 pm.B.At 8:00 pm.C.At 9:00 pm.2.What will the speakers probably do next?A.Find a shelter.B.Fetch an umbrella.C.Hurry home.3.What does the man probably do?A.A salesman.B.An architect

3、.C.A writer.4.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.How to make salad.B.Where to meet a friend.C.What to bring for camping.5.Which restaurant is closed on Mondays?A.The Sun Pizzeria.B.The Huge Hamburger.C.The Happy Dragon.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段

4、对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6.When will the woman go to the clinic?A.On Tuesday.B.On Wednesday.C.On Friday.7.Who will the woman see?A.Dr.Green.B.Dr.Smith.C.Dr.Jones.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。8.What

5、does the woman care most about the hotel?A.Its location.B.Its size.C.Its price.9.What is the woman going to do first?A.Talk with her friends.B.Make a travel schedule.C.Consult her parents.10.Which month is it now probably?A.May.B.June.C.July.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。11.When did the man first learn abo

6、ut Little Women?A.In middle school.B.In high school.C.At college.12.Which novel was written by Stephen Crane?A.Little Women.B.Gone with the Wind.C.The Red Badge of Courage.13.Why does the man suggest the woman give up Gone with the Wind?A.Its very long.B.Its quite difficult.C.Its too boring.听第 9 段材料

7、，回答第 14 至 17 题。14.Which position is available now?A.A kitchen hand.B.An assistant cook.C.A cleaner.15.How often should the man work for the job?A.Once a week.B.Twice a week.C.Three times a week.16.How much will the man get for the job?A.$15 per hour.B.$18 per hour.C.$20 per hour.17.What does the wom

8、an remind the man to do at last?A.Offer a reference.B.Bring his passport.C.Fill in an application form.听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。18.Which job did Winfrey do in high school?A.A news reader.B.An entertainer.C.A broadcast journalist.19.What do known women do in the programme?A.Read famous females stories

9、.B.Recommend books to listeners.C.Listen to stories from famous books.20.Which characteristic of Winfrey does the speaker stress?A.Humor.B.Confidence.C.Bravery.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分）第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。大庆

10、铁人中学 2021 级高二学年下学期期中考试 英语 试题 考试时间：2023 年 5 月 23 日 第 2 页 共 6 页 A Have you ever been really hungry,but there wasnt much to eat in your kitchen?Did you throw together a bunch of stuff you had on hand and were pleasantly surprised when it tasted good?You are not alone.Some of our favorite foods were cre

11、ated by accident.Heres a sample menu of some familiar foods that never would have happened if someone hadnt created them by mistake.POTATO CHIPS One of the worlds favorite snacks is the result of a complaint.In 1853,a man was eating dinner at Moons Lake House in Saratoga Springs,New York.He ordered

12、fried potatoes,a particular side dish.But when they came out of the kitchen,he didnt think they were crispy enough.He sent them back to the kitchen,where Chef George Crum was so angry at having his cooking criticized that he sliced the potatoes really thin,put lots of salt on them,and fried them.Not

13、 only did the diner love them,but everyone else did,too.They soon became a specialty of the restaurant.TOFU Tofu,or bean curd,is made by curdling(使凝结)fresh soya milk,pressing it into a solid block,and then cooling it.Tofu was accidentally invented in China more than 2,000 years ago,when a cook added

14、 seaweed to soya milk,which made it curdle.This is the same process that is used for making cheese.Like cheese,tofu is a great example of how really messing up a recipe can create something unexpectedly good.CHEESE PUFFS Did you ever wonder who thought up cheese puffs?The company that invented them

15、wasnt even trying to make food for people.It was trying to make animal feed.In the 1930s,the Flakall Company of Wisconsin made animal food from small,flaked pieces of grain.One day,an employee,Edward Wilson,watched workers pouring cornmeal(谷粉)into the flaking machine,wetting it to keep it from clogg

16、ing(堵塞).Because the machine was very hot,the wet cornmeal came out of it in puffy(蓬松的)ribbons that hardened when they hit the air.Wilson took some of the ribbons home,added oil and flavoring to them,and voila!Cheese puffs!21.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.Seawee

17、d is also used for making cheese.B.Chef George Crum didnt like to criticize others cooking.C.Hot wet cornmeal hardened when they hit the air.D.Bean curd dates back 2,000 years in China.22.What do the three foods have in common?A.They are the results of complaints.B.They were not created on purpose.C

18、.They were not originally made for people.D.They are all popular throughout the world.23.Whats the purpose of the text?A.To compare the features of some foods.B.To inform readers of some foods.C.To recommend some foods.D.To introduce the origins of some foods.B My mother is the most important person

19、 in my life and she means the whole world to me.She was a nurse at Stony Brook University Hospital and she always took the night shift so that she could come home in time to drive me to school.Shed sleep during the day and be ready when I returned home before heading out again in the evening.This we

20、nt on for 23 years.She never complained.No matter how tired she was,she always had enough energy to be my mum.She often had to work on Christmas,Christmas Eve or New Years Eve,and sometimes Thanksgiving,which made me upset.However,before holidays she always decorated the inside and outside of our ho

21、use.Shed also have cookies baking in the oven,a holiday-themed movie in the VCR,and music playing throughout our house for me.But when it was time to go to work,there was no room for debate.“Why do you have to work on this day of all days?”Id ask sadly.“They need me,too,dear son,”shed respond,compas

22、sion in her tone.For a long time I didnt understand why she should care so much about those sick strangers.Recently,my grandmother became ill and I found myself spending more time in hospital.The scenes I saw in the hospital made me see the different side of my mother.The nurses checked heart,blood

23、and oxygen levels,and made sure patients were comfortable.They lifted patients in and out of bed and helped them to the bathroom.Beyond their duties,the nurses displayed consideration for each patient.What I saw helped me to understand why my mother was devoted to her occupation.I was filled with mo

24、re admiration for my mother.24.Why did the authors mother work at night?A.To earn more money.B.To take care of her kid.C.To sleep during the day.D.To attend school in time.25.What made the author annoyed?A.Spending holidays in the hospital.B.Too much housework during holidays.C.His mothers absence o

25、n holiday nights.D.His mothers concern about her patients.26.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A.How the author came to understand his mother.B.What qualities are required to be a good nurse.C.How challenging it is to work as a nurse.D.Why the authors mother loved her work.大庆铁人中学 2021 级高二学年下学期

26、期中考试 英语 试题 考试时间：2023 年 5 月 23 日 第 3 页 共 6 页 27.Which of the following may best describe the authors mother?A.Hard-working and cautious.B.Devoted and humorous.C.Loving and responsible.D.Patient and ambitious.C If you start a sentence with,“If I were you”or find yourself scratching your head over a de

27、cision when the answer is crystal-clear,theres a scientific reason behind it.Our own decision-making abilities can become exhausted over the course of the day causing indecision or poor choices,but choosing on behalf of someone else is an enjoyable task that doesnt suffer the same difficulties.“The

28、problem is decision fatigue(疲劳),a psychological phenomenon that causes harm to the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making,”says Evan Polman,a leading psychologist.Physicians on the job for several hours,for example,are more likely to prescribe antibiotics(抗生素)to patients when it

29、s unwise to do so.“Presumably(可能)its because its simple and easy to write a prescription and consider a patient case closed rather than investigate further,”Polman says.But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else.When people imagine themselves as advisers,they fe

30、el less tired and rely less on decision shortcuts.“By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker,one does not suffer the consequences of decision fatigue,”he says.“It is as if there is something fun about making someone elses choice.”“Getting input from others offers a fresh perspect

31、ive and thought process,but it often includes riskier choices.While this sounds undesirable,it can be quite good.When people experience decision fatigue,or are tired of making choices,they have a tendency to choose to go with status quo(现状),”says Polman.“But it can be problematic since a change in t

32、he course of action can be important and lead to a positive outcome.”To achieve a successful outcome or reward,some level of risk is almost always essential.“People who are susceptible to decision fatigue will likely choose to do nothing over something,”he says.“Thats not to say risk is always good,

33、but it is related to taking action,whereas decision fatigue assuredly leads to inaction and the possible chagrin(懊恼)of a decision maker who might otherwise prefer a new course but is unfortunately hindered(阻碍).”“That you can make good choices for others doesnt mean you will do the same for yourself,

34、”Polman cautions.“Research has found that women negotiate higher salaries for others than they do for themselves,”he says,adding that people slip in and out of decision roles.28.What does the author say about people making decisions?A.They tend to make decisions the way they think advantageous to th

35、em.B.They may become exhausted making too many decisions for themselves.C.They show considerable differences in their decision-making abilities.D.They are more cautious in making decisions for others than for themselves.29.When do people feel less decision fatigue?A.When they take decision shortcuts

36、.B.When they have advisers to turn to.C.When they have major decisions to make.D.When they help others to make decisions.30.What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in?A.They avoid trying anything new.B.They turn to physicians for advice.C.They tend to make risky decisions.D.They adop

37、t a totally new perspective.31.What does the passage say about taking some risk in decision making?A.It will enable people to be more creative.B.It will more often than not end in regret.C.It is vital for one to reach the goal desired.D.It is likely to bring about serious consequences.D A magnitude-

38、7.8 earthquake hit southeastern Turkey and parts of Syria in the early hours of the morning of 6 February.At least 41,000 people are known to have lost their lives.Erdogan declared a three-month state of emergency in 10 southern provinces.Flags were lowered to half-staff as the country observed seve

39、n days of national mourning.He said 13 million of the countrys 85 million people were affected in some way by the disaster.How big is a 7.8 quake on the local magnitude scale?The number attributed to an earthquake represents a combination of the distance the fault line(断层)has moved and the force tha

40、t moved it.A quake of 2.5 or less usually cannot be felt,but can be detected by instruments.Quakes of up to five are felt and cause minor damage.An earthquake at 7.8 is classified as major and usually causes serious damage,as it has in this instance.Anything above 8 causes catastrophic damage and ca

41、n totally destroy communities at its centre.While the magnitude of an earthquake denotes(表示)its size and strength,the potential damage caused by a quake is also determined by its depth(the shallower the quake,the more damaging)and its proximity to population centers.Turkey is in an active earthquake

42、 zone.Most of Turkey sits on the Anatolian plate between two major faults:the North Anatolian Fault and the East Anatolian Fault.“Turkey is moving west about 2 centimeters per year along the East Anatolian Fault,”says David Rothery,a geoscientist.“Half the length of this fault is lit up now with ear

43、thquakes.”he adds.The horror of the near-instantaneous destruction raises a question:why didnt anyone know the earthquake was coming?The answer is tricky.Although scientists can predict disasters like hurricanes or floods,they cannot yet do the same with earthquakes.Earthquakes account for nearly ha

44、lf of all deaths from natural disasters over almost two decades,according to the World Health Organization.Many 大庆铁人中学 2021 级高二学年下学期期中考试 英语 试题 考试时间：2023 年 5 月 23 日 第 4 页 共 6 页 geologists say its nearly impossible to perfectly predict an earthquake,given the sheer complexity of analyzing the entirety

45、 of the planets crust(外壳).32.What is paragraph 1 mainly about?A.The two countries affected by the earthquake.B.The background information of Turkeys earthquake.C.Peoples response to Turkeys earthquake.D.The effects of Turkeys earthquake.33.What do the underlined words“lit up”mean in paragraph 3?A.Br

46、ightened.B.Activated.C.Relieved.D.Worsened.34.What can we learn about earthquake from the passage?A.Turkey is moving west about 2m along the East Anatolian Fault yearly.B.We usually cannot feel a magnitude-2.0 earthquake.C.A magnitude-7.0 earthquake can totally destroy cities at its centre.D.Earthqu

47、akes account for nearly half of all deaths in the world over almost two decades,35.What is the text？A.A news report.B.A personal story.C.A diary entry.D.A scientific report.第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题小题;每小题每小题 2.52.5 分分,满分满分 12.512.5 分）分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Your immune system is the body

48、s personal army.36 A healthy immune system can defeat invading disease-causing germs(病菌),such as bacteria,viruses,parasites as well as cancer cells while protecting healthy tissue.37 The bodys natural barriers against disease-causing germs for example,our skin,the hairs in our nose,and the acid in o

49、ur stomachs are part of our innate immune systems.Innate immunity is the immune system that you inherit and its active as soon as youre born.38 Instead,it attacks broadly,which is why it is unable to get rid of all germs.The immune system also learns things this is called adaptive immunity.When your

50、 immune system is exposed to a new germ for the first time,it responds by trying to fight it off which means you may become sick.39 Experience makes your immune system stronger.The first time your body comes into contact with a certain type of germ,your immune system response may take a while.You mi