Unit1+词汇、短语、语法知识点梳理及拓展 人教版英语八年级下册.docx

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1、英语张老师专用讲义八下unit 1 知识点详解及拓展一、 词汇变形1. matter (n.) (近义词)2. foot (n.) (复数)3. lie (v. 躺) (过去式) (过去分词) (现在分词)4. hurt (v.) (原形) (过去式) (过去分词)5. hit (v.) (原形) (过去式) (过去分词)6. her (pron.) (反身代词)7. press (v.) (n. 压力)8. sick (adj.) (近义词) / (n. 生病)9. breathe (v.) (n. 呼吸)10. our (pron.) (反身代词)11. climber (n.) (v.

2、爬山)12. risk (v.&n.) (近义词，n. 危险)13. situation (n.) (近义词，n. 状况)14. knife (n.) (复数) 15. blood (n.) (adj. 流血的) 16. mean (v.) (adj. 有意义的) (无意义的)17. mean (原形) (过去式) (过去分词)18. importance (n.) (adj. 重要的) 19. decision (n.) (v. 决定)20. death (n.) (v. 死) (adj. 死亡的) (adj. 垂死的) (adj. 致命的)二、 重点短语1. 喉咙痛 _ 2. 背疼 _ 3

3、.在某人的背上 4. 在山脚下 5. 头疼 _ 6. 发烧 _ 7. 感冒 _ 8. 咳嗽 _ 9. 休息 _ 10. 量某人体温 _ 11. 躺下休息 _ 12. 把药敷在伤口上 13. 割伤、擦伤某人 14. 立刻，马上 _ 15. 陷入，参与 _ 16. 摔 倒 _ _ 17. 受伤 _ 18. 沿着走 _ 19. 不假思索 _ 20. 有心脏病 21. 使某人惊讶的是 22. 同意做某事 23. 多亏了 _ 24. 因为 25. 及时 _ 26. 呼吸有困难 27. 习惯于做某事 _ 28. 做决定 _ 29. 冒险 _ 30. 用光 _ 31. 切除 _ 32. 掌管 _ 33. 放

4、弃 _ 34. 继续做某事 _ 三、 知识详解1 Im not feeling well.=I dont feel well.我觉得不舒服。 （1）feel v.（自己）感觉到，（心情）觉得，_ e.g. I feel hungry.我觉得饿。 （2）well： adj.健康的（well只有作“健康的”讲时才是形容词） adv. 好地 _ 表示“身体上舒服” _表示“心情上舒服” e.g. _.那些好话使她觉得心里很舒服。_我希望你能马上感觉好点。2._. (干某事怎么样)； _. (对某人来说干某事是怎么样)_学好英语很难_对我们来说保持健康很重要。_他很诚实，告诉了我真相. _.3.wit

5、h ：prep “具有， 带有” , 表示某物带有或具有某种特征。with 的反义词是without She is a girl with long hair. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. (2)”用”，表示使用工具、手段等。-我们用腿儿和脚走路_.-她用铅笔给笔友写信_. (3) “和”、“与”， go with, stay with (4)”关于、对于”，表示一种关系或适应范围-你怎么了_4. sound like _ 后接名词或名词性短语作表语。 It sounds like a good idea

6、. 【拓展】 “感官动词+ like feel like _ smell like _ look like _ taste like _5. _看见某人做某事 （看到动作发生的_或经常看到动作发生） _看见某人正在做某事 （强调_）-I saw him singing in the classroom. - I see Lily go to her bedroom and play computer games.-1. I saw Li Ming _ near the river on my way home yesterday. It is very dangerous. A.plays B

7、.playing C.to play D.played-2. I found a letter _ on the floor when I came into the classroom. A.lying B.lay C.lie D.lies6. lie down and rest原形过去式过去分词现在分词lie（Vi.）躺；位于laylainlyinglie（Vi.）说谎liedliedlying7. too many/too much/much tootoo many +_（cnpl） _too much+_（un.）译为“_.”much too译为“_”相当于very, 修饰形容词（ad

8、j.）或副词（adv.）8. think v.-_(过去式)_认为；想起 _考虑 _仔细考虑9. get off 下车 get on 上车 【拓展】与get相关的短语： get up_ _回来；取回 _克服；度过 _与相处融洽 _到达Get in/into_ get out of _ -Dont forget to take your bag when you _ the bus. A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off10.surprise spraz v 使吃惊_ adj. 令人吃惊的 _ adj. 吃惊的 _使某人吃惊 The bad

9、news surprised me.be surprised at_ 做某事而感到惊讶be surprised + that从句 因.而惊讶 n 惊讶” _ 使某人吃惊的是 _吃惊地 - _ our surprise, the twin sisters went to university at the same time last year. A. With B. In C. To D. For 11.agree v (反)disagree agreement n同意同意某人_ eg: I agree with you. 同意做某事_ I think English is more usef

10、ul than Chinese. I dont _ you. They are both useful. A. get on with B. catch up with C. talk with D. agree with12. thanks to 多亏；由于thanks to为习语介词，意为“由于”、“多亏”，to表示感谢的对象 thanks for，意为“_，for强调为何而感谢，其后可接_或 _ your help, I passed the exam.A. Thank to B. Thanks C. Thanks to D. Thank for_ her husband，she has

11、 now become a famous film star. A. Because B. Thanks to C. Thanks for D. With the help13. hit(v). (hit/hit/)( 用手或器具）击；打 _ 击中/撞到某人 _the + 部位-击打某人某个部位The ball hit him in the face.球打到了他的脸。14. get into trouble_ be in trouble _ _做某事有困难-I have great _ in learning math and Im so worried. What should I do?

12、-Dont worry. I can help you. A. trouble B. interest C.joy D.fun15. fall fell v 落下； 跌落 fall down 摔倒，（强调“滑倒，摔倒”，指失去平衡而摔倒，表示从哪里摔倒要用fall down from -She fell down from her bike_指从某物上跌落下来。相当于fall down from-The girl fell off the bike. = The girl fell down from the bike._ 落入 -The leaf fell into the river. _

13、 落后 fall asleep 入睡-Its not easy for Linda to _ last night, because she was too excited. A. go to bed B. fall asleep C. fall into D. fall over16. feel sick 生病；不舒服 sick /ill adj. 生病的 (1) sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be (系动词)后作表语， 也可放_。 be sick of “讨厌；厌恶” sick person = patient“病人” (2) ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表

14、语， She is ill in hospital 她生病住院了。 ill illness n.“病；疾病”17. be used to sth/ doing sth _-Use 的相关句型：（重要）(1) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事-_被用来做某事=_ -We use Internet _(find) information. - Stamps is used _(post) letters.(2)_ “过去常常做某事”，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。 -I used to get up at six. (3) be /get used to doing

15、 sth 习惯于做某事How does Jack usually go to work? He _ drive a car, but now he _ there to lose weight.A. used to; is used to walk B. was used to; is used to walkingC. was used to; is used to walk D. used to; is used to walking- My parents _getting up early on weekdaysA. used to B. be used to C. was used

16、to D. are used to-She_ live with her grandparents , but she doesnt now. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to-She _ live alone. But she _ living alone because she feels lonely. A. used to; doesnt used to B. is used to; was used toC. used to; is not used to D. was used to; doesnt used to四、 语法知识 1.

17、对某人怎么了提问：_?=_?=Whats the matter with sb?=_?= Is there anything wrong (with)? = _? -Whats wrong with you? 你怎么了？ -I have a headache. 我头痛。拓展：It doesnt matter 没关系 （用来回答别人道歉时的用语）(1)_ sore 是一个独立的形容词，指的是身体某一部位的酸痛。常用sore修饰的词：sore back, sore throat, sore leg, sore foot, sore eye, sore neck. (2)_ -ache作后缀，常与表

18、示身体部位的名词合成一个新词，表身体某部位疼痛，常用-ache修饰的词：toothache , headache , stomachache, earache, backache (3) have a fever发烧 have a cold感冒 have a cough咳嗽 have a headache头痛。(4)_+ones+部位-某人某部位不舒服/出了毛病。 -There is something wrong with my leg.我的腿不舒服。2. should属于情态动词，意为“应该；应当”，不能单独_，后接_，没有_和_变化。should的否定形式为should not，缩写形式

19、为shouldnt。在疑问句中should位于主语前面。We should go home at once. 我们应该马上回家。You shouldnt smoke here. 你不应该在这里抽烟。拓展用法：1. 用来向别人提出_，意为“应该；应当”。e.g. Tom, I have a toothache. 汤姆，我牙痛。 You should see a dentist. 你应当去看牙医。2.表示现在或将来的某种义务或责任。e.g. We should respect the old. 我们应该尊重老人。 _.你应该给她留个字条3.用来表示要求、命令。e.g. _.在课堂上你应该认真听老师

20、讲课4. 表示_即将发生的情况。e.g. They should be there by now.他们现在应该到那儿了。 _ according to the weather forecast. 按天气预报，现在应该下雪才是。5. Should/Shall I ?用来_。e.g. _要不要我帮你打扫卧室？ Should we begin now?我们要不要现在开始呢？ 练 习 巩 固一、单选( ) 1.Mr. Smith eats _ food, so hes _ fat. A .much too; too much B .too many; much too C. too much; too

21、 much D. too much ;much too( )2.The fans were _ to know the death of their favorite singing star Whitney Huston. A. glad B.angry C. excited D. surprised( )3.Boys, dont lose_ in playing Angry Birds. It is bad for your eyes to play computer games for a long time.A. himself B. yourself C. themselves D.

22、 yourselves( )4.-What do you think of Li Yangs Crazy English? -I think its _, but someone think its much too_.A. useful enough, bored B. enough useful, bored C. useful enough, boring D. enough useful, boring( )5.Wesawa cat _ after a mouse just now. A.runs B.ran C.running D.to run( )6.Wehaveproblems_

23、underthewater. A.breathe B.breathingC.tobreathe D.breathed( )7.Icantbuythebooknow,I_allmymoney yesterday.A. ranout B.runout C.runoutof D.ranoutof( )8.The old man was too tired _ doing the farm work.A. because B .because of C. instead D. instead of( )9.Some word puzzles in this book are _ difficult t

24、hat _ students can solve them.A. such; few B. such; little C. so; few D. so; little( )10.How does Jack usually go to work?He _ drive a car, but now he _ there to lose weight.A. used to; is used to walk B. was used to; is used to walkingC. was used to; is used to walk D. used to; is used to walking三、

25、用括号内单词的适当形式填空1. Mary _ ( hurt ) herself when she fell down .2. Its important for us _ (study) hard .3. -We should exercise _ (stay) healthy.-Yes, it is a good way_(exercise)every day.4. Im very thirsty, I need _ (drink) some water .5. He is ill .He should _(go) to bed early .6.To _ (he)surprise,grea

26、tchangeshavetakenplace here.7.I saw a wallet _( lie) on the floor just now.8. Doyoutake_(you)temperature?9. _(thank)toMrWang,thedoctorssavedthemanintime.10. _Marycut_(she)?Yes,shedid.过 关 检 测(TEST） 1. I have got a bad cold. I feel terrible. A. All right. B. Is that so? C. Sorry to hear that. D. Im af

27、raid so.2. Sara _a stomachache. So she _eat anything for twenty-four hours.A. has, shouldnt B. has, should C. have, shouldnt3. -Would you like some coffee, please? -Yes, and please get some sugar. I prefer coffee sugar. A. to B. for C. with D. from 4. When I walked past the park, I saw some old peop

28、le Chinese Taiji. A. do B. did C. doing D. are doing5. He was walking along the street a car hit him suddenly.A. while B. when C. until D. as soon as 6. Its important _ in good health.A.keep B. keeping C. to keep D. keeps7. The _ girl was sent to hospital by her mother yesterday. A. sick B. ill C. g

29、ood D. well 8. Mr. Smith eats _ food, so hes _ fat.A .much too; too much B .too many; much too C. too much; too much D. too much ;much too9. He was _ tired _ he could not go on walking. A.too, to B.such, that C.so, that10. -Not only the young but also the old are getting interested_ we chat(微信）. -Th

30、ey can communicate(交流）more freely. A.by B.about C.in D.for11. _his surprise, she succeeded in climbing up the high mountain.A. At B. To C. In D. On课 后 作 业 大 挑 战完形填空：What should we do to keep healthy? One important rule is to exercise 1 . The Fang family try to exercise every day. Mr. Fang 2 exercise

31、 in the morning because he must get to work at exactly seven oclock. But he runs every evening. He walks a lot, 3 . He walks to school every day, and after school he 4 different sports with his friends. Mr. Fang goes to a yoga（瑜加功）class 5 . But it wasnt 6 this way. Last year Mr. and Mrs. Fang used t

32、o 7 everywhere in their car, even to the drugstore（药店）two blocks（街区）away. They thought they had to use the car all the time. They wouldnt walk. The Fangs all 8 better now. They believe they shouldnt be lazy. We 9 exercise every day, but we should try our 10 to exercise as often as possible. 1. A. often B. sometimes C. late D. later 2. A. may not B. can not C. would not D. should not 3. A. either B. also C. too D. again 4. A. watches B. plays C. loves D. likes 5. A. in two weeks B. for two weeks C. after two weeks D. twice a week 6. A. always