Unit 4 Life on Mars 课时3 Grammar-九下英语同步讲义（牛津译林版）【教师版】.doc

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1、Unit 4 Life on Mars Grammar 知识精讲知识点01 状语从句与简单句之间的转换 教材P56【用法详解】在英语中，我们可以用at the age of, because of, without / with等介词短语，将含有状语从句的复合句改为简单句。转换时，要注意时态和意思的一致性和准确性。1. He learnt to swim when he was eight years old. 他八岁时，学会了游泳。 = He learnt to swim at the age of eight.2. He did not attend the meeting because

2、 he was on a business trip. 他没有参加会议，是因为他在出差。= He did not attend the meeting because of a business trip.3. He can not finish the task on time if you dont help him. 如果你不帮他，他就不能按时完成任务。= He can not finish the task on time without your help. 【典例讲解】1. Ricky could play the violin when he was six years old.

3、（保持句意基本不变）Ricky was _ to play the violin at the _ of six.【答案】able age【解析】句意：瑞奇六岁时就会拉小提琴。在英语中要表示“能，会”可以用情态动词can，也可用be able to；要表示某人几岁时，可以用时间状语从句，也可用介词短语at the age of。所以保持句意基本不变，可以在改写后句子的空白处填写able，age。2. Mary made great success in her research because she put her effort into it.（改为简单句）Mary made great

4、success in her research _ _ her effort.【答案】because of【解析】句意：玛丽的研究取得了巨大的成功，因为她投入了所有的精力。此句中because引导原因状语从句，也可以把它改为简单句，即用because of短语。所以在改写后句子的空白处填写because of。知识点02 宾语从句与简单句之间的转换 教材P57【用法详解】在英语中，我们可以用of, about 等介词短语，将含有宾语从句的复合句，改为简单句。常用的搭配有：remind sb of sth 使某人想起 be sure / certain about 对.确信 1. The pho

5、tos remind me that I travelled to the place ten years ago. 这些照片使我想起十年前去那儿旅行过。= The photos remind me of my trip to the place ten years ago.2. I am sure that Tom will be late for school this morning. 我确定Tom今天早上上学要迟到了。= I am sure about Toms being late for school this morning. 【典例讲解】The teacher advised

6、that we should practise speaking English every day. (改为简单句)The teacher advised_practise speaking English every day.【答案】us to【解析】句意：老师建议我们每天练习说英语。建议某人做advise sb. to do sth.；我们用宾格形式us，动词用不定式形式。故答案填us to。知识点03 定语从句与简单句之间的转换 教材P58【用法详解】在英语里，可以用介词in或with的简单句替代某些定语从句。I dont know the girl who wears glasses

7、. 我不认识戴眼镜的那个女孩。= I dont know the girl with glasses.The man who was holding two books in his hand was our English teacher. = The man with two books in his hand was our English teacher. 手上拿着两本书的那个男的是我们英语老师。【典例讲解】The girl in a red skirt is my sister.The girl _ a red skirt is my sister.【答案】who is wearin

8、g【解析】原句介词短语in a red skirt（穿红裙子的）做主语the girl的后置定语，可用定语从句表达。先行词girl是人，关系词需用who；根据句子结构，可知填who is wearing。能力拓展一、单项选择1.Each of us should remember the valuable experience _ can help us in the future.A.whatB.whichC.whoD./【答案】B【解析】句意：我们每个人都应该记住宝贵的经验，这在将来可以帮助我们。考查定语从句的关系词。what不用于定语从句；which在从句中充当主语，宾语，指物；who在

9、从句中充当主语，宾语，指人；/不填，省略。根据“valuable experience.can help us in the future.”可知此处需要一个关系代词充当主语，且指物，which符合句意，故选B。2.Anyone_ wants to pass the test should be careful.Yes, you are right.A.whichB.whatC.whoD./【答案】C【解析】句意：-任何想通过考试的人都应该小心。是的，你说得对。考查定语从句关系词。which哪一个；what什么； who定语从句关系词，现行词指人。Anyone指人，关系词用who，在定语从句中

10、作主语，故选C。3.How do you like the book Little Women? Wonderful. I think it is the best one _ tells us the importance of family.A./B.whatC.whichD.that【答案】D【解析】句意：你觉得小妇人这本书怎么样？很好。我认为这是告诉我们家庭的重要性最好的一本书。考查定语从句。此处含定语从句，先行词指书，引导词在从句中作主语，且先行词前有最高级the best修饰，只能用that。故选D。4.Our New Year party will be on the after

11、noon of December 30.Thats wonderful! Could you tell me _?A.if all of our teachers joined usB.where will it be heldC.who will give the performanceD.what we should wear school uniforms【答案】C【解析】句意：我们的新年晚会将在12月30日的下午举行。那太棒了。你可以告诉我谁会表演么？考查宾语从句。“tell me”后是宾语从句，从句的语序是陈述句的语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语动词”，B选项的语序错误；根据will b

12、e可知从句是一般将来时，C选项“who”引导宾语从句，“who”在从句中做主语，A选项“joined”时态错误；D选项表达“是否我们应该穿校服”，应该用“if”来引导从句，引导词“what”使用错误。故选C。5. The table tennis match is so exciting. The opposite team is really strong. Yes, but I never doubt _ our team will win.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.why【答案】B【解析】句意：乒乓球比赛真让人兴奋。对方的队伍真的很强大。是的，但是我从不怀疑我们队会赢。考

13、查宾语从句。if如果；that无意义；whether是否；why为什么。根据“.our team will win.”可知此句用that引导，无意义，不作成分。故选B。6. We should talk about _ to stop the water pollution.I agree. And we need to take actions.A.what we can doB.if we can doC.who can we helpD.why we can take actions 【答案】A【解析】句意：我们应该谈谈我们能做些什么来阻止水污染。我同意。我们需要采取行动。考查宾语从句。

14、宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语。据此排除C选项。根据“We should talk about.to stop the water pollution.”可知此处是指应该谈谈我们能够做些什么来阻止水污染，what符合句意，故选A。7.What do you think of the action film?Wonderful, _ its ending is not so happy.A.thoughB.orC.becauseD.so【答案】A【解析】句意：你觉得这部动作片怎么样？很精彩，虽然它的结局不是那么高兴。考查连词辨析。though尽管；or或者；because因为；s

15、o因此。根据“Wonderfulits ending is not so happy”可知，前后句是让步关系，用though引导让步状语从句，故选A。8. My cousin didnt stop looking for a job _ he got an offer from Huawei company. Lucky him. Its not easy for university graduates to get a good job now.A.untilB.sinceC.asD.if【答案】A【解析】句意：我表哥直到接到华为公司的offer才停止找工作。他太幸运了。现在大学毕业生找一

16、份好工作不容易。考查连词辨析。until直到；since自从；as由于；if如果。根据“My cousin didnt stop looking for a job.he got an offer from Huawei company.”可知，此处是固定搭配not.until表示“直到才”，故选A。9.Is your We Chat account(账户) safe?Yes, even my father cant use it _ I tell him the password.A.whenB.whileC.unlessD.if【答案】C【解析】句意：你的微信账户安全么？是的。甚至我的父亲

17、都不能使用它，除非我告诉他密码。考查连词。when当；while当，尽管；unless除非；if如果。根据可知表达“除非我告诉他密码我的父亲才能使用”，用“unless”引导条件状语从句。故选C。10._ Nick got well, he went back to school. He didnt want to miss any more classes.A.UnlessB.WhetherC.So thatD.As soon as【答案】D【解析】句意：尼克一康复就回学校了。他不想再缺课了。考查连词词义辨析。Unless除非；Whether是否；So that以便；As soon as一就

18、。尼克不想再错过任何课程了，因此他身体一恢复就回到了学校。故As soon as符合题意,用来引导时间状语从句。故选D。分层提分题组A 基础过关练一、同义句转化1.She wasnt sure where she can spend her holiday in summer. She wasnt sure_spend her holiday in summer.【答案】where to【解析】句意：她不确定夏天能在哪里度假。(改为同义句)她不确定夏天去哪里度假。根据原句可知是宾语从句，且该从句的主语与主句的主语一致，可将宾语从句简化成“疑问词+不定式(短语)”结构，故改为where to。故

19、答案为where to。2. It took Tom much time to tie the old books up last Sunday, (保持句意 基本不变)Tom_much time_the old books up last Sunday.【答案】 spent on【解析】句意：上周日，Tom花了一些时间把这些旧书捆起来。一般过去时。某人花费时间在，人做主语，sb. spend time on sth.；动词用过去式，spent。故答案填spent on。3.Does Alice really plan to learn French? He asked. (改为宾语从句)He

20、 asked_ Alice really_to learn French【答案】whether planned【解析】句意：他问爱丽丝是否真的计划去学习法语？宾语从句中表示“是否”用引导词whether；宾语从句时态是主过从必过，受主句一般过去时态的影响，从句的动词要用过去式。故答案填whether，planned。4.Mike wondered who he could talk to about his problems.Mike wondered _ about his problems.【答案】who to talk to【解析】原句是who引导的宾语从句，主句主语Mike和从句主语h

21、e是同一人，可用“疑问词+不定式”结构。根据句子结构，可知填who to talk to。5.I was so tired that I couldnt walk any further during the trip.I was _ walk any further during the trip.【答案】too tired to【解析】原句是sothat引导的结果状语从句，句意是“我太累了，在旅途中不能再走了”，可换用“tooto太而不能”结构。根据句子结构，可知填too tired to。6.He felt it necessary to say something.He felt _

22、to say something.【答案】it was necessary【解析】原句是“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”结构，后面的不定式to say something是真正宾语。本句是省略引导词that的宾语从句，原句宾语it做从句的形式主语，不定式相应做从句的真正主语。宾语从句遵循主过从过，根据句子结构，可知填it was necessary。题组B 能力提升练一、完型填空阅读下列短文，从文后各题所给四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Our house was across the street from a big hospital, so we rented (租) ou

23、r empty upstairs rooms to outpatients (门诊病人). One evening, there was a _1_ at the door. I opened it to see a truly sick-looking man.His face looked terrible it was swollen (肿胀的) and red. Yet his voice was _2_. He told me that he came for treatment and that hed been looking for a spare room since noo

24、n, but no one would give him one because of _3_.For a moment I said nothing, but he said he would be _4_ to just sleep on the hallway. I agreed.The old man had a huge heart inside his tiny body. He told me that he fished for a living to _5_ his daughter, her five children, and her disabled husband.H

25、e didnt complain while telling _6_ his story. He was so grateful that he didnt feel any _7_ from his disease, a kind of skin cancer.The next morning, he said, “Can I come back and stay the _8_ time I need treatment?” I told him he was welcome to come again.On his next trip, as a _9_, he brought a bi

26、g fish and some large oysters (牡蛎). In the years that he stayed with us, there was _10_ a time that he did not bring us gifts like these.My neighbor _11_ me that I could lose some renters by putting up the old man after he left the first morning.Maybe we did _12_ renters once or twice. But if only t

27、hey could have known him, perhaps their illnesses would have been _13_ to bear (忍受). I know our family always will be _14_ to have known him. From him, we learned _15_ it was to accept the bad without complaint and the good with gratitude (谢意).1.A.knockB.signC.noticeD.call2.A.worryingB.upsetC.tradit

28、ionalD.pleasant3.A.huge heartB.his faceC.tiny bodyD.his daughter4.A.happyB.braveC.lonelyD.friendly5.A.forgetB.surpriseC.supportD.change6.A.themB.himC.meD.her7.A.luckB.experienceC.painD.joy8.A.secondB.nextC.lastD.first9.A.giftB.jobC.hobbyD.business10.A.alwaysB.neverC.usuallyD.often11.A.encouragedB.re

29、portedC.hatedD.warned12.A.expectB.chooseC.refuseD.lose13.A.worseB.betterC.harderD.easier14.A.thankfulB.sillyC.funnyD.polite15.A.howB.whatC.whereD.when【答案】1-5 ADBAC 6-10 CCBAB 11-15 DDDAB【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者住在医院对面，他把家里楼上空房间租给来看病的病人们，有一次有一位因脸部红肿而被其他房东拒绝的病人到作者家投宿，作者收留了这个病人，并被他那乐观、积极的心态所感动。虽然作者会因此流失一

30、部分客源，但是他却不后悔自己收留这个脸部红肿的病人，因为这个病人让作者明白了不抱怨地接受坏的（结果），带着感激的心情接受好的（结果）。【解析】1.句意：一天晚上，有人敲门。knock敲门声；sign标志；notice告示；ticket票。由“I opened it to see a truly sick-looking man.”可知，作者开门看到一个病态的男人。由此推断作者先听到“敲门声”才去开门。故选A。2.句意：但是他的声音令人愉快。worrying担忧的；upset沮丧的；traditional传统的；pleasant令人愉快的。由“His face looked terrible i

31、t was swollen (肿胀的) and red. ”可知，他的脸因为红肿而看起来很糟糕。根据“Yet”可推断作者认为这个病人的声音和外貌给人的感觉是相反的，作者认为他的外貌是“糟糕的”，声音却是“好的”。故选D。3.句意：他告诉我，他是来接受治疗的，从中午开始就一直在找空房间，但因为他的脸，没人给他。huge heart巨大的心；his face他的脸；tiny body小小的身体；his daughter他的女儿。由“His face looked terrible it was swollen and red. ”可知，他的脸看起来太糟糕了，别的房主都不收留他。由此推断别的房主不收

32、留他是因为他的脸。故选B。4.句意：但他说他很乐意睡在走廊上。happy高兴的；brave勇敢的；lonely孤独的；friendly友好的。由“hed been looking for a spare room since noon just sleep on the hallway”可知，这个病人从午后就一直找住的地方，但是没人愿意收留他，由此推断这个病人此刻如果能有一家房主收留他，让他睡到走廊也很“开心”。故选A。5.句意：他告诉我他以捕鱼为生，养活女儿、她的五个孩子和她残废的丈夫。forget忘记；surprise惊讶；support支持，帮助；change改变。由“fished fo

33、r a living”和“her disabled husband”可知，这个病人以捕鱼为生，并且他女儿的丈夫是个残疾人，由此推断这个病人“帮助”女儿养家。故选C。6.句意：当（他）讲他的故事时，他没有抱怨。them他们；him他；me我；her她。由“He told me that he fished for a living to . his daughter, her five children, and her disabled husband.”可知，老人告诉“我”他自己的故事。故选C。7.句意：他很感激他没有从疾病中感到疼痛。luck幸运；experience经历；pain疼痛；j

34、oy喜悦。由“He was so grateful that he didnt feel any . from his disease”可知，老人对疾病带来的感觉是感激的，由此推断疾病给他的感受应该是“好的”，又根据“didnt”可知，空格处应该是填“不好的”一类词。故选C。8.句意：下次我需要治疗的时候我能再来住吗？second第二；next下一个；last上一个；first第一个。由“I told him he was welcome to come again.”可知，作者欢迎他再来住。由此推断这个老人是询问能否“下次”再来住，the next time下一次。故选B。9.句意：在他的下

35、一次旅行（看病），作为礼物，他带来了一条大鱼和一些大牡蛎。gift礼物；job工作；hobby爱好；business商业。由“there was . a time that he did not bring us gifts like these”可知，他每次都给我们带这些“礼物”。故选A。10.句意：在他和我们在一起的这些年里，他没有一次不给我们带来这样的礼物。always总是；never从未；usually通常；often经常。根据“he did not bring us gifts like these”可知双重否定表肯定，每次都带，用never。故选B。11.句意：我的邻居在老人第一天

36、早上离开后提醒我，我可能因给这位老人提供住宿而失去一些潜在的租客。encouraged鼓励；reported报道；hated讨厌；warned提醒，警告。由“I could lose some renters by putting up the old man after he left the first morning”可知，这里是作者的邻居给作者的劝告，由此推断空格处应该填“warned”。故选D。12.句意：也许我们确实失去了一两次租客。expect期待；choose选择；refuse拒绝；lose失去。由“I could lose some renters”可知，邻居提醒作者可能会失

37、去一些潜在租客，由此推断作者认同邻居的观点，即他们可能会“失去”一些租客。故选D。13.句意：也许他们的病更容易忍受。worse更糟的；better更好的；harder更难的；easier更容易的。由“He was so grateful that he didnt feel any . from his disease, a kind of skin cancer.”可知，老人得了一种皮肤癌，但是他却心怀感激，没跟别人说自己的疼痛。由此推断作者希望别的病人能从这个老人身上学到对待疾病乐观积极的态度，从而“更容易”忍受他们的疾病。故选D。14.句意：我知道我的家人们会很感激认识他的。thank

38、ful感谢的；silly愚蠢的；funny好笑的；polite有礼貌的。由“But if only they could have known him, perhaps their illnesses would have been . to bear.”可知，作者认为如果那些病人都认识这个老人，或者会有助于他们对抗疾病。由此推断作者应该是“庆幸”自己及家人认识这个老人。故选A。15.句意：从他身上，我们学会了什么是不抱怨地接受坏的（结果），带着感激的心情接受好的（结果）。how宾语从句中作方式状语；what宾语从句中作连接代词，指物；where宾语从句中作地点状语；when宾语从句中作时间状

39、语。空格所在句是宾语从句，从句“it was”后缺表语，指物或事情，用what。故选B。题组C 培优拔尖练一、 阅读理解AYesterday I went to buy a little tree for my father. When I was talking with the cashier (收银员), he asked what I would be doing with this little tree. I explained that it was for my dad, because he no longer lived at home.The cashier just s

40、topped and looked at me with the kindest look. He shared with me that his grandfather couldnt live in their home any longer either because he had Alzheimers disease (阿尔茨海默病). So I shared with him that my dad was on the same journey. We talked about the difficulties because of the illness, not only f

41、or those who are ill, but also for their families.When I was paying for the tree, he said, “Because this is for your dad, let me see what I can do for you.” He took some coupons (优惠券) from a drawer and reduced my cost by over 60%.I thanked him for his kindness. We wished each other Merry Christmas a

42、nd the best hopes for our loved family members.On the way home I kept thinking of the kindness he offered me. It was truly a moment of “kindness given, kindness received”. I made Dads tree more beautiful as soon as I got home. So thankful.So blessed.1.Whats wrong with the writers father?A.He had a b

43、ad cold.B.He had a backache.C.He had Alzheimers disease.D.He had a heart problem.2.When did the story probably happen?A.Before Christmas.B.After Christmas.C.On the writers fathers birthday.D.On the cashiers grandfathers birthday.3.The writer felt when the cashier offered him his kindness.A.relaxedB.

44、angryC.nervousD.thankful4.The underlined word “reduced” in Paragraph 3 means “ ”in Chinese.A.增加B.减少C.支付D.给予5.What is the best title for the passage?A.My Great DadB.A Christmas Gift for DadC.Kindness Given, Kindness ReceivedD.Face Difficulties Bravely【答案】CADBB【文章大意】本文是记叙文，短文讲述了作者为父亲买圣诞礼物时发生的暖心故事。【解析】

45、1.细节理解题。根据第二段“He shared with me that his grandfather couldnt live in their home any longer either because he had Alzheimers disease. So I shared with him that my dad was on the same journey”，可知作者父亲也得了老年痴呆症，故选C。2.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“I thanked him for his kindness.We wished each other Merry Christmas and th

46、e best hopes for our loved family members”，可知故事发生在圣诞节前，故选A。3.观点态度题。根据第四段“I thanked him for his kindness”，可知作者是感恩的，故选D。4.词句猜测题。根据上文“He took some coupons from a drawer”，可知这里是说优惠60%，结合选项，“减少”符合题意，故选B。5.主旨大意题。根据故事内容，结合“Yesterday I went to buy a little tree for my fatherWhen I was paying for the tree”，可知作者讲述了给爸爸买圣诞礼物的故事；“A Christmas Gift for Dad”符合文意，故选B。BTwo men guarded the door while Mr. Brownlow led