冲刺卷2-【决胜高考】2023年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试仿真模拟英语卷（北京）含答案.pdf

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1、更多全科试卷，请关注公众号：高中试卷君【决胜高考决胜高考冲刺卷冲刺卷】2023 年高考英语考试冲刺卷年高考英语考试冲刺卷02（北京）（北京）本试卷共本试卷共 11 页，共页，共 100 分。考试时长分。考试时长 90 分钟。分钟。第一部分第一部分 知识运用（共两节，知识运用（共两节，30 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 10 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，共分，共 15 分）分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I glanced to my left and right as I got ready at the

2、starting line.The sight of other competitors who had confident and fierce-looking faces got me goose bumps and I was even more _1_ than before.“On your mark,get set.Go!”shouted the race official.I pushed myself forward with all my _2_ and started running as though a pride of man-eating lions were co

3、ming after me.As I ran,I could see the other competitors catching up with me.All of a sudden,I fell down on my knees.A hundred pairs of eyes bored into me,watching me _3_ to get up.But no matter how hard I tried,I just could not do it.“No,it cannot end like this.I have to _4_ this race.”I thought to

4、 myself.However,the pain from my injury was so unbearable that I felt totally _5_.I really wanted to give up.Out of despair,I gazed up at the finishing line.Just then,a kind competitor _6_ her hand to me.“Thank you.”I whispered _7_ as I grabbed her hand and she pulled me up.She lent me her shoulder

5、for support,and I _8_ forward.The crowd cheered at this brilliant display of _9_.Together,both of us crossed the finishing line.Even though I never got the chance to learn her name,I will always remember her as the one who stepped forward to help me when I was in _10_.1AtiredBconfusedCnervousDregret

6、ful2AjoyBmightCtroubleDshame3AattemptBhesitateCwaitDpretend4AorganizeBevaluateCappreciateDcomplete5AdefeatedBinspiredCshockedDrelaxed6AwavedBextendedCshowedDpointed公众号：高中试卷君更多全科试卷，请关注公众号：高中试卷君7AproudlyBcautiouslyCawkwardlyDgratefully8AmovedBfellCbentDlooked9ApartnershipBsportsmanshipCleadershipDfrie

7、ndship10AangerBdoubtCneedDsilence第二节（共第二节（共 10 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，共分，共 15 分）分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Last year I ruined my summer vacation by bringing along a modern convenience that was too convenient for my own good:my tablet.I stuck to my workday diet of

8、four newspapers each morning.And that was the problem:I was behaving as if I were still in the office,_11_(stick)to the unending news cycle.My body was on vacation_12_my head wasnt.So this year I make up my mind to try something different:staying away from the Internet.I know it wont be easy,but I a

9、m determined.A vacation_13_(suppose)to help you reset your brain to become more productive.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。By drawing patterns such as bamboos on the surface of a cup of tea,Chabaixi,an ancient Chinese tea trick _14_(go)viral recently.There are a doze

10、n steps,from grinding tea for fine powder,to pouring boiled water,stirring the mixture for thick froth(泡沫),and finally drawing patterns.Clear water it used to put into the cup.When the water _15_(touch)the surface of tea,it turns into a white color and disappears in 20 minutes.The process before dra

11、wing is known as“diancha.”The quality of it is crucial to _16_ the patterns can be successfully produced later.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。“Conventional wisdom tells us that we can feel happier if we smile or that we can get ourselves _17_ a 公众号：高中试卷君更多全科试卷，请关注公众

12、号：高中试卷君more serious mood if we scowl(怒视),”said Nicholas Coles,a PhD at Utah University.His team combined data from 138 studies testing more than 11,000 participants and found facial _18_(express)do have impact on feelings.For example,smiling makes people happier,scowling makes them feel angrier,and

13、frowning makes them _19_(sad).These finding are exciting because they provide a clue about how the mind and body interact _20_(influence)our conscious experience of emotion.第二部分第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，阅读理解（共两节，38 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 14 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，共分，共 28 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AYo

14、ur college essay should convince admission officers,in less than ten minutes,that you would be a good match for their colleges.At the most basic level,the essay demonstrates your communication and writing skills.In addition,the essay allows admission officers to discover more about you as a person a

15、 side of you not reflected in statistics like grades and Scholastic Assessment Test(SAT)scores.How the essay is evaluatedDid you address the question asked?Is your writing mechanically sound?Is your writing style comfortable?Can you construct a good sentence?Can you put together a cogent paragraph?C

16、an you discuss a theme?Is your argument logical?Did you begin and end the essay with some finesse?Do you write with style,nuance and creativity and in a distinctive voice?Choosing a topicWhile there are no inherently bad essay topics,be careful about the following subjects:Winning or losing the big

17、gameDeath of a petFriendship problemsAnything that suggests that you dont see the future beyond high school.Simple solutions to world problems.Remember to answer the question!Polishing the essay公众号：高中试卷君更多全科试卷，请关注公众号：高中试卷君Craft an interesting opening sentence to hook the reader.If its dull,the reade

18、r will be bored.Be revealing.disclose things about yourself without being confessional.Beware of trying to impress admission officers with what you think they want to hear.Dont be afraid to use your imagination or to be unconventional.Have a teacher,parent or friend read your second draft.Ask them:I

19、s it interesting?Does it sound like me?Was it fun to read?Navigational hazardsThe little details arent the most important part of the essay,but you dont want the admission committee to think youre a careless writer.Always proofread before producing the final draft.If you are tired of the essay,let s

20、omeone else proof it.Check for spelling errors;spellcheck wont catch everything!Dont plagiarize:admission officers have read widely and have sophisticated ways of checking content.Dont get overwhelmed about composing your essay write what you feel,do it well.and youll make a great impression!21Accor

21、ding to the passage,students are expected to .Ainclude all details of academic reportsBoffer solutions to complex world issuesCdescribe school experiences of friendshipsDshow their communication and writing ability22Which of the following makes a great college essay?ATo create an appealing opening.B

22、To skip the little unimportant details.CTo double check the final draft by yourself.DTo be careful enough with what you really feel.23Where can you most probably read this passage?AAcademic journal.BNewspaper column.CTeen magazine.DUniversity website.B公众号：高中试卷君更多全科试卷，请关注公众号：高中试卷君It was 2005 and scie

23、ntists in Cape Town made a shocking discovery.Their tracking data showed a great white shark moving from South Africa to Australia and back again in a near straight line.It was the fastest transoceanic return migration ever recorded and it was carried out with near pinpoint accuracy.Today,its well k

24、nown that sharks make yearly returns such as this to specific locations,but how exactly they do it has escaped consensus.A group of scientists from Florida State University has taken on the question and concluded that sharks have an internal,GPS-like navigation system that allows them to read the Ea

25、rths geomagnetic field.To conduct the research,the team first got 20 juvenile bonnethead sharks in St George Sound off the Florida Panhandle,and placed them in a small pool surrounded by copper wire.The wire allowed the researchers to create a custom magnetic field in the centre of the pool.Exposed

26、to the magnetic field from the capture location,the sharks swam in random directions at leisure;but when exposed to the geomagnetic field that would be found 600 kilometres south of that spot,they swam north in a“homeward orientation”.Researchers have suspected that sharks and sawfish detect magneti

27、c fields since the 1970s,but the exact mechanism by which they do so,and the prevalence of this skill in nature has proven elusive,partly because its so difficult to study.“Weve known for some time that sharks have the ability to detect the magnetic field,but this is the first time it has been teste

28、d successfully,”says Bryan Keller,a scientist at the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.“We expect these abilities are also observed in other species,like the great white,which migrate 20,000 kilometres out and back to the same spot.”The results mean that some sharks can be added to

29、the growing list of animals that navigate by magnetic sensation,which includes sea turtles,lobsters and birds.With the shark navigation system now demonstrated,scientists want to understand the mechanism behind it.Two theories have emerged:some researchers believe that it depends on an iron mineral

30、called magnetite;others believe its based on a magnetic-field-sensing molecule in the retina(视网膜)of the eye called cryptochrome.Both theories,or a combination of the two,are plausible.Magnetite has been isolated from many animal tissues,while evidence from studies in birds suggests that they sense t

31、he inclination of the magnetic field using cryptochrome molecules in their retinas;the direction of the field is transmitted by the optic nerve to the brain,which allows them to“visualize”north and south.But scientists dont yet know the precise location of the cryptochrome receptors,or the brain cen

32、tres that process the information on the magnetic field.Theres more work to do to truly understand these masterful navigators.24Scientists in Cape Town discovered sharks could _.Amigrate fast and accuratelyBnavigate by magnetic system公众号：高中试卷君更多全科试卷，请关注公众号：高中试卷君Cdetect magnetic fields preciselyDswim

33、 in a straight line perfectly25In the Florida State University research,the sharks swam north because they _.Alost the navigation systemBcould not detect magnetic fieldsCsensed their home magnetic fieldDwere exposed to a strange magnetic field26The underlined word“elusive”in paragraph 3 probably mea

34、ns _.AuniqueBunattainableCcomplexDsuperior27The last paragraph mainly talks about _ of shark navigation system.Athe evolutionBthe applicationCthe advantagesDthe mechanismC“Does my smile look big in this?”Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you l

35、ookand hence feelhappier,encouraging you to like what you see.Thats the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan.The system can manipulate,or in other words,control your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you w

36、ith an image of your own smiling or frowning face.The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional onesthat laughter comes before happiness,rather than the other way aroundis a well-established idea.The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that

37、manipulates how you feel.The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her faceas if they were looking in a mirror.The image is then subtly altered with software,turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes,so that the person appears t

38、o smile or frown.Without telling them the aim of the study,the team recruited 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task.When the task was complete,the participants rated how they felt.When the faces on screen appeared to smile,people reported that

39、they felt happier.On the other hand,when the image was given a sad expression,they reported feeling less happy.Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers emotional state would influence their preferences.Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the al

40、tered webcam image.The 公众号：高中试卷君更多全科试卷，请关注公众号：高中试卷君volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it,and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely.The system could be used to manipulate consumers impressions of products,said the

41、 researchers.For example,mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections.They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on.“Its certainly an interesting area,”says Chris

42、Creed at the University of Birmingham,UK.But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab,because people will use a wide range of expressions.“Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable would be much more cha

43、llenging,”he says.Of course,there are also important moral questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology.“You could argue that if it makes people happy,what harm is it doing?”says Creed.“But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated,uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.”

44、28Whats the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System?ATo see whether laughter comes before happiness.BTo see whether ones facial expressions can be altered.CTo see whether ones feeling can be unconsciously affected.DTo replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms.29What can we learn

45、about the web-camera image in the study?AIt gave the volunteers a false image.BIt attempted to make the volunteers feel happier.CIt recorded the volunteers performance in the task.DIt beautified the volunteers appearance in the mirror.30What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology?AIt o

46、nly works in clothing stores.BIt only makes subtle changes to peoples expressions.CIt only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes.DIt only deals with a limited number of facial expressions.31What does Creeds comment on the moral issues with this technology imply?公众号：高中试卷君更多全科试卷，请关注公众号：高中试卷君

47、ANothing is more important than happiness.BTechnology is unable to manipulate people.CPeople should neglect the harm of the technology.DPeople should have the right to make decisions independently.DRene Compean was no stranger to Angeles National Forest.Hed hiked the park numerous times.But when hik

48、ing along a new path,the 45-year-old was lost.As the day faded into darkness,his concern turned to fear.With only a little water in his backpack and 10%battery remaining on his cellphone,Compean was unprepared for anything more than the two-hour trip hed planned.Compean climbed to a spot where he fo

49、und one bar of signal.“SOS.My phone is going to die.Im lost,”he texted a friend,attaching a photo showing where he was.The shot showed his legs hanging over a rock face.All Compean could do then was wait.The temperature was dropping fast.Dressed only in shorts,and a sweatshirt,the hiker was chilled

50、to the bone.He hugged himself into a tight ball.And after spotting two mountain lions,he spent the night on high alert.Sixty miles away,Ben Kuo was working at home when he read a posting from the police,showing an image of a mans legs.The search-and-rescue teams had spent the previous night unsucces