Unit 3 Welcome to our school 课时 3 Grammar-七上英语同步讲义（牛津译林版）【教师版】.doc

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1、Unit 3 Welcome to our school Grammar知识精讲知识点01 人称代词 教材P35【用法详解】概念：人称代词是表示“我、你、他”等人称的代词，它有单复数、性别、以及主格和宾格的变化。(1) 人称代词分为第一、第二、第三人称，且有单复数之分；(2) 人称代词的主格在句子中做主语，一般用在动词之前；如：We work.(we 是主语)(3) 人称代词的宾格在句子中做宾语，一般放在动词及介词之后。We help him.(him是宾语)We listen to her.（介词to 后代词her做宾语）人称代词见下表：人称代词单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus

2、第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit(4)用法作主语用主格如：I am a Chinese.(I作主语) 我是一位中国人。作宾语用宾格如：Lets help her. (her作宾语) 让我们帮助她。人称代词在be动词后面时用宾格。Whos knocking at the door? 谁在敲门？Its me. 是我。人称代词在than后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如：He is older than me.= He is older than I am. 他比我大。当几个人称代词并列使用时，格的形式应保持一致。人称代词的次序是

3、：通常单数you放在第一位，I放在最后；复数we放在第一位，they放在最后。 单数you/he and Iyou and heyou, he, and I复数we and you/theyyou and theywe, you and they总结：你在前，我在后；我们在前，他们在后！【典例讲解】1.It takes _ one hour _ his homework.A.he; doB.him; doC.him; to doD.his; to do【答案】C【解析】句意：他花费了一个小时做作业。考查take固定句型。he主格；him宾格；his形容词性物主代词。句型It takes sb

4、some time to do sth.表示花费某人多长时间做某事。这里第一空应该用宾格形式，第二空用动词不定式，故选C。2._ are friends.A.I, you and sheB.I and KateC.You, he and ID.You, he and me【答案】C【解析】句意：你、我、他是朋友。考查人称代词的用法。I, you and she我，你和他；I and Kate我和凯特；You, he and I你，他和我；You, he and me，表达错误，作主语应使用代词的主格形式，me是宾格；英语中，当人称代词同时出现用作主语时，必须使用代词的主格形式，且顺序为第二人称

5、、第三人称、第一人称。故选C。3. Let _ look after grandparents at home.A.my sister and IB.me and my sisterC.I and my sisterD.my sister and me【答案】D【解析】句意：让我妹妹和我在家照顾爷爷奶奶。考查人称代词的顺序。根据题干，结合选项可知，本题考查单数人称代词顺序，其顺序为：第二人称、 第三人称、第一人称；let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，let后接人称代词宾格；故选D。4._ both like watching TV very much.A.I and my brothe

6、rB.I and heC.My brother and ID.He and me【答案】C【解析】句意：我哥哥和我都非常喜欢看电视。考查代词辨析即代词的顺序。I我，主格代词；he他，主格代词；me我，宾格代词。本句缺主语，me是宾格代词，可排除D项。在英语中，单数第一人称I和其他单数人称并列，通常将I后置。结合选项，故选C。知识点02 look at 教材P35【用法详解】1.look用作不及物动词，意为“看、望、瞧”。1) 单独使用时，后不跟介词。I looked but saw nothing. 我看了，但什么也没看见。Look! Here comes the bus. 瞧！汽车来了。2)

7、 和at连用。 look at = have a look 看一看The teacher is looking seriously at us. 老师正严肃地看着我们。Look at these pictures. How beautiful they are! 看这些画，它们是多么漂亮啊！2.look用作连系动词，意为“看起来”。1) 后跟形容词。如：You look well/fine/healthy. 你看起来很健康。2) 后跟名词。如：He looks a nice, honest man. 他看上去是个诚实的好人。3) 后跟介词短语等。如：He looks in good healt

8、h. 他看来十分健康。【典例讲解】The girl in white skirt looks _ (beauty).【答案】beautiful【解析】句意：穿白裙子的女孩看起来很漂亮。looks是系动词，其后跟形容词作表语，beauty对应的形容词是beautiful。故填beautiful。【拓展】look 和其它某些介词或副词连用：look after 照看，照料 look for 寻找 look around 四下环顾：到处寻找。He is old enough to look after himself. 他年龄足够大，能照看自己。I looked for you just now,

9、but I didnt find you. 刚才我到处找你，但没有找到。He looked around but he saw nobody. 他四下环顾，但什么人也没看到。知识点03 on the wall 教材P35【用法详解】in the wall是在墙里面，on the wall是在墙表面。There is a hole in the wall. 墙里有个洞。There is a map on the wall. 墙上有张地图。【典例讲解】There is a new TV _ the wall.A.atB.ofC.on D. at 【答案】C【解析】句意：墙上有一台新电视。考查介词辨

10、析。at在；of的；on在上面。根据“. the wall”可知电视在墙上，on the wall在墙上（表面上）。故选C。知识点04 tell you about it 教材P36【用法详解】tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事的情况tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告诉某人某事tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人（不）做某事【典例讲解】Lucy _ to him, “Please _ me more about it.”A.said; speakB.said; tellC.spoke; tellD.said; say【答案】B【解

11、析】句意：露西对他说：“请多告诉我一些。”考查动词辨析。said说，say的过去式，一般指说的内容，常用结构say to sb.“对某人说”；spoke说，speak的过去式，一般其后跟语言，打电话时和某人通话用speak to sb；tell告诉。观察句子结构可知，双引号中的句子是露西说的内容，故第一个空格填say，根据句意可知，本句为一般过去时态，故用said；第二个空格所在句考查tell sb. about sth。双引号中的句子为祈使句，please后为动词原形，故第二个空格填tell。故选B。【拓展】tell 还有讲述的意思tell a story 讲故事 tell a joke 讲

12、笑话 tell a lie 说谎知识点05 after class 教材P36【用法详解】after class 课后 after school 放学后 after work 下班后 after lunch 午餐后【典例讲解】汤姆，请下课后到我办公室。Tom, please come to my office _ _.【答案】after class【解析】下课后，用after class.【拓展】知识点06 help 教材P36【用法详解】1. help作为动词的用法1) help sb.( to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事。其中的to通常是省略的。Can you help me to

13、learn English ? 你能帮助我学英语吗？2) help sb.with sth 帮助某人做某事，Can you help him with this work ? 你能帮助他完成这项工作吗？2. help作为名词的用法be of some/ no/ much help to sb. 对某人有些 / 没有 / 很有帮助。This book is of great help to me. 这本书对我很有帮助。【典例讲解】I always help my parents _ (clean) the house on weekends.【答案】(to) clean【解析】句意：周末我总是帮

14、父母打扫房子。固定短语help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事，故填(to) clean。知识点07 say hello to 教材P36【用法详解】say hello to sb : 向某人问好【典例讲解】Jerry, is that boy with glasses our new classmate?Yes. Lets say hello to _.A.heB.sheC.himD.her【答案】C【解析】句意：杰瑞，那个戴眼镜的男孩是我们的新同学吗?是的。我们跟他打个招呼吧。考查人称代词，say hello to sb向某人问好,sb跟在介词to 的后面，要用宾格。he他，主

15、格；she她，主格；him他，宾格；her她，宾格。根据“ that boy ”可知应该是男生，并且这里放在介词to后，应该用宾格，故选C。【拓展】say goodbye to sb 向某人告别 say sorry to sb 向某人道歉say thanks to sb 向某人道谢 say no to sb 向某人说不知识点08 pardon 教材P36【用法详解】Pardon? 是简略形式，常见的交际用语，其完整形式是：I beg your pardon? 常在没有听清对方所说的话，并请求对方重复一遍时使用。【典例讲解】Could you tell me the main idea of t

16、his passage?_I didnt understand what you just said.A.Its nothing seriousB.Not reallyC.I beg your pardonD.All right【答案】C【解析】句意：你能告诉我这篇文章的大意吗？请你再说一遍，我不明白你刚才说的话。A. Its nothing serious没有什么严重的； B. Not really不见得；C. I beg your pardon 请再说一遍；D. All right好吧。根据答语可知，是想让对方再重复一遍，故答案为C。【拓展】excuse me 多用于麻烦、打扰他人或有求于

17、人时。Excuse me, can I borrow your bike?Im sorry 指做错了事，向对方表示道歉。Im sorry, Im late for class. 能力拓展1.The new shoes are for _.A.you and meB.me and heC.I and youD.me and you【答案】A【解析】句意：这双新鞋是给你和我的。考查人称代词。you你/你们，代词宾格或主格；me我，人称代词宾格；he他，人称代词主格；I我，人称代词主格。for是介词，后接人称代词宾格，排除B和C选项。单数人称代词的顺序是：第二人称第三人称第一人称，故选A。2._ a

18、re in Class 12, Grade 7. _ in the same class.A.Jimmy, I and you; WereB.I, you and Jimmy; TheyreC.Jimmy, you and I; TheyreD.You, Jimmy and I; Were【答案】D【解析】句意：你、吉米和我在七年级12班。我们在同一个班。考查人称代词的顺序及代词辨析。Jimmy吉米，人名；I我；you你；Were我们是；Theyre他们是。多个人并列时，按照二、三、一人称排序，故选D。3._ playing soccer. What about you?A.Gina and

19、I like B.I and Gina likes C.Gina and I likesD.I and Gina like【答案】A【解析】句意：吉娜和我喜欢踢足球。那你呢？考查主谓一致和主语的排列顺序。英语中当出现并列主语时，要将I放在最后，以表示礼貌，排除B/D选项；句子主语是“Gina and I”，是复数，动词应用原形，故选A。4.My aunt Sally is coming back to China soon. I cant wait to meet _.A.himB.herC.itD.them【答案】B【解析】句意：我的萨莉阿姨很快就要回中国了。我等不及要见她了。考查人称代词。

20、him他；her她；it它；them他们。根据“meet”一词可知，此空用人称代词宾格形式；再者根据“My aunt Sally”可知，Sally是女性，因此用人称代词her。故选B。5.There is a book on the floor. Please _.A.pick itB.pick it upC.pick up itD.put away it【答案】B【解析】句意：地上有一本书，请将他捡起来。考查动词短语以及人称代词的用法。pick采摘；pick up拾起，捡起；put away收拾好。根据句意可知，表示“拾起、捡起”，且在“动词+副词”构成的短语中，人称代词宾格放中间，故选B。

21、6._ mother usually cooks for _ at the weekend.A.Lily and Nick; their B.Lilys and Nicks; themC.Lily and Nicks; theirD.Lily and Nicks; them【答案】D【解析】句意：莉莉和尼克的妈妈通常在周末为他们做饭。考查名词所有格和代词辨析。第一处修饰名词单数mother，所以是二人共有的，在后一个人称后加s，排除AB。their他们的，形容词性物主代词；them人称代词宾格。第二处在介词后作宾语，用宾格形式。故选D。7._ Tao Haozhe do his homewor

22、k every day? No, _ doesnt.A.Is; heB.Is; Tao HaozheC.Does; heD.Does; Tao Haozhe【答案】C【解析】句意：陶浩哲每天都做家庭作业吗？不，他不做。考查一般疑问句及回答。do ones homework做作业，分析句子可知，问句中的do是实义动词，主语Tao Haozhe是单数第三人称，需借助助动词does构成一般疑问句，回答用he代替。结合选项，故选C。8.一Who teaches _ Chinese?一Mr. Feng. _ is a wonderful teacher. We all like him.A.you; H

23、eB.your; HeC.you; SheD.your, She【答案】A【解析】句意谁教你们语文？冯先生。他是一位很好的老师，我们都喜欢他。考查代词。you“你，你们”，是人称代词主格或者宾格形式；your“你的，你们的”，是形容词性物主代词。he“他”；she“她”。teach sb. sth. 教某人某事，动词后用代词宾格形式，所以第一空用you；由“Mr. Feng.”以及空后的him，可以第二空用he作主语。故选A。9.Who is the student in the playground? Andy. _ often takes a walk with _. I enjoy it

24、, too.A.He; meB.Him; IC.He; sheD.Him; her【答案】A【解析】句意：操场上的学生是谁？安迪。他经常和我一起散步。我也喜欢。考查人称代词。He他，人称代词主格；me我，人称代词宾格；Him他，人称代词宾格；She她，人称代词主格；her她，人称代词宾格。空格处一指代前文Andy（男名），且空格处一在句子中作主语，应使用主格，填He；根据下文“I enjoy it, too.”可知空格处二指代“我”，且空格处二作介词with的宾语，填me；故选A。10.Miss Li teaches _ English this term.You are a lucky do

25、g. _ is a very good teacher.A.our; SheB.us; HeC.us; SheD.ours; He【答案】C【解析】句意：李老师这学期教我们英语。你真幸运。她是一个很好的老师。考查人称代词。our我们的，形容词性物主代词；us我们，人称代词宾格； She她，人称代词主格；He他，人称代词主格；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。teach sb. sth.“教某人某事”，放在动词后面，第一空用宾格us；第二空作主语， 前面是Miss Li，女性，用She。故选C。分层提分题组A 基础过关练一 用所给单词的正确形式填空1.Wed better _(not tell)

26、Mr Zhang about his illness.【答案】not tell【解析】句意：我们最好不要把张先生的病告诉他。had better (not) do sth.为固定搭配，意为“最好（不要）做某事”。根据题干“Wed betterMr Zhang about his illness.”和单词提示，故填not tell。2.How often does Tom _（help）with housework?【答案】help【解析】句意：汤姆多久帮做一次家务？空格在does后，填动词原形；help“帮助”；故填help。3. This term Mr. Zhao teaches _ (w

27、e) English. He teaches very well.【答案】us【解析】句意：这学期赵先生教我们英语。他教得很好。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处的代词是作动词teaches的宾语，应用宾格形式；we，我们，主格代词，对应的宾格代词是us。故填us。4.Show _ (they) your kite, OK?【答案】them【解析】句意：给他们看看你的风筝，好吗？show是动词，其后跟宾语；they对应的宾格是them，可作宾语。故填them。题组B 能力提升练一.阅读还原（七选五）My name is Cindy. I am in Grade Seven. I like to go

28、 to school. Now, I want to tell you something about our class.There are forty students in our class. Twenty students are girls. 1.We have nine teachers. They all work hard. 2.There are four classes in the morning and two classes in the afternoon. There is a drawing class on Tuesday morning. I like i

29、t very much. I am good at drawing.Our classroom is very beautiful. 3. There is a teachers desk in front of the blackboard. On the desk are two boxes of chalk（粉笔）and an eraser. There are many nice maps on the wall. There are some beautiful flowers on the sill（窗台）. 4.There are two tall trees behind ou

30、r classroom. Its nice. There is a small river, not far from our school, in front of the garden. 5.I like our class. I like our school.A.There is a map on the wall.B.We help each other.C.Twenty students are boys.D.There is a blackboard on the front wall.E.Our classroom is very nice and clean.F.We lik

31、e them. G.We often swim in it in summer.【答案】CFDEG【文章大意】本文是Cindy向我们介绍她的班级，包括教室内的布局和教室外的风景。【解析】1.根据“There are forty students in our class. Twenty students are girls.”可知，我们班有四十名学生，二十个学生是女生，所以此处应介绍有多少男生。选项C“二十个学生是男生”符合语境，故选C。2.根据“We have nine teachers. They all work hard.”可知，我们有九个老师，他们工作都很努力。此处在介绍老师，选项F

32、“我们喜欢他们”符合语境，故选F。3.根据“Our classroom is very beautiful.”和“There are many nice maps on the wall.”可知，此处在介绍教室并且后文已经介绍了墙上的地图，选项D“前墙上有一块黑板”符合语境，故选D。4.根据“There are two tall trees behind our classroom.”可知，后文在介绍教室外的情况，所以此处是对前文教室的总结，选项E“我们的教室很漂亮很干净”符合语境，故选E。5. 根据“There is a small river, not far from our schoo

33、l, in front of the garden.”可知，此处在介绍学校附近的小河，选项G“夏天我们经常在那里游泳”符合语境，故选G。题组C 培优拔尖练一.完型填空My name is Bill.I 1 in Sun Junior High School.There are many 2 in my school.In the front of my school is the 3 building.Its a building for teachers.Behind it is the library building.Its my favorite place, 4 I like rea

34、ding.After school,I always read books or do my homework there. 5 is the classroom building? Its next 6 the library. Behind the library is a dinning hall.There are different 7 of food like hamburgers,bread and vegetables.If students want to have lunch there,they 8 pay (付款) 50 yuan a week.There is a g

35、ym in my school,too.Its behind the classroom building.My friends and I like playing games there.I 9 like the teachers in my school.They are very kind.They often take us out to 10 pictures or watch movies.We always have a good time.1.A.studyB.playC.workD.park2.A.activitiesB.buildingsC.lessonsD.matche

36、s3.A.policeB.officeC.hospitalD.libraries4.A.butB.andC.soD.because5.A.WhenB.WhatC.WhereD.How6.A.ofB.inC.toD.at7.A.kindsB.colorsC.livesD.boxes8.A.have toB.needC.mayD.should9.A.tooB.realC.veryD.also10.A.keepB.buyC.drawD.sing【答案】1-5 ABBDC 6-10 .CAADC【文章大意】短文主要介绍作者的校园环境。【解析】1.句意：我在太阳中学学习。study学习；play玩耍；w

37、ork工作；park公园。根据文中“After school, I always read books or do my homework there.”可知，“我”是一名学生，“我”在太阳中学学习。故选A2.句意：我的学校有很多楼房。activities活动；buildings建筑物，楼房；lessons课程；matches比赛。根据“In the front of my school is the.building.”可知，这里介绍学校的建筑物。故选B。3.句意：办公楼在学校前面。police警察；office办公室；hospital医院； libraries图书馆。根据下文“Its a

38、building for teachers.”可知，这里介绍办公楼。故选B。4.句意：图书馆是我最喜欢的地方，因为我喜欢读书。but但是；and和，又；so所以；because因为。根据“Its my favorite place”和“I like reading.”的关系可知，这里表示“因为”。故选D。5.句意：教学楼在哪儿？when什么时候；what什么；where在哪里；how怎样。根据下文“Its next.the library. ”可知，这里询问方位、地点，应用疑问词where。故选C6.句意：它在图书馆的隔壁。of表示所属关系；in在里；to朝，向；at在（某处）。根据句子结构可

39、知，这里考查固定搭配next to，“紧挨着”。故选C。7.句意：在图书馆的后面是餐厅。有各种各样的食品，例如:汉堡包，面包和蔬菜。kinds种类；colors颜色；lives生命；boxes盒子，箱子。根据句子结构可知，这里考查短语different kinds of，“各种各样的”。故选A。8.句意：如果学生想在那里吃午餐，他们每周得付50元。have to不得不，必须；need需要；may可能；should应该。根据上文“If students want to have lunch there”可知，下文句意为“他们每周得付50元。”故选A。9.句意：我和朋友喜欢做运动。我也喜欢我学校里的老师。too也；real真的；very很；非常；also也。根据“My friends and I like playing games there.”可知，这里表示“也”。再根据句子结构可知，这里应用also，位于实义动词前。故选D。10.句意：他们经常带我出去画画和看电影。keep保持；buy买；draw画画；sing唱。根据“take us out”及“pictures”可知，这里表示“画画”。故选C。