2024届高考英语语法被动语态的基本变法与应用课件.pptx

《2024届高考英语语法被动语态的基本变法与应用课件.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2024届高考英语语法被动语态的基本变法与应用课件.pptx（33页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、高中英语语法被动语态的基本变法与应用一、被动语态的定义：一、被动语态的定义：语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是谓语动作的执行者，则为主动语态；关系。当主语是谓语动作的执行者，则为主动语态；当主语是谓语动作的承受者，则为被动语态。当主语是谓语动作的承受者，则为被动语态。被动语态由助动词被动语态由助动词be+过去分词过去分词构成，时态通过构成，时态通过be表表现出来。现出来。(二二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在主要体现在主要体现在主要体现在bebe的变化上，其形式与系动词的变化上，其

2、形式与系动词的变化上，其形式与系动词的变化上，其形式与系动词bebe的变化形式完全一样。以的变化形式完全一样。以的变化形式完全一样。以的变化形式完全一样。以givegive 为例，列表如下：为例，列表如下：为例，列表如下：为例，列表如下：一般现在时：一般现在时：一般现在时：一般现在时：am/is/are+given am/is/are+given 一般过去时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般过去时：was/were+given was/were+given 一般将来时：一般将来时：一般将来时：一般将来时：shall/will+be+given shall/will+be+given 现在进行时：现

3、在进行时：现在进行时：现在进行时：am/is/are+being+givenam/is/are+being+given 现在完成时：现在完成时：现在完成时：现在完成时：have/has+been+givenhave/has+been+given 过去完成时：过去完成时：过去完成时：过去完成时：had+been+given had+been+given 过去进行时：过去进行时：过去进行时：过去进行时：was/were+being+givenwas/were+being+given 过去将来时：过去将来时：过去将来时：过去将来时：should/would+be+givenshould/would+

4、be+given 将来完成时：将来完成时：将来完成时：将来完成时：shall/will+have been+givenshall/will+have been+given 过去将来完成时：过去将来完成时：过去将来完成时：过去将来完成时：should/would+have been+givenshould/would+have been+given 注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。(三三)被动语态常用的八种时态及情态动词的被动语态被动语态常用的八种时态及情态动词

5、的被动语态1.They make shoes in that factory.Shoes are made (by them)in that factory.一般现在时的被动语态构成一般现在时的被动语态构成：S(主语）主语）+am/is/are +过去分词过去分词1.一般现在时：一般现在时：(is/am/are+done)一般现在时：一般现在时：(is/am/are+done)Theschooldoesntallowustoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.Wearenotallowedtoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateach

6、er2.They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them)last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词过去分词2.2.一般过去时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般过去时：(was/were)(was/were)一般过去时：一般过去时：(was/were+done)The students didnt forget his lessonseasily.Hislessonswerenoteasilyforgotten.3.They will finishwill finishwil

7、l finishwill finish the work in ten days.The work (by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词过去分词3.一般将来时：一般将来时：will+be+done 一般将来时：一般将来时：will+be+done They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers4.过去将来时：过去将来时：wouldbe+donewouldbe+donewouldbe+donewou

8、ldbe+doneThe manager said wouldwouldwouldwould completecompletecompletecomplete the projectbytheendoftheyear.Themanagersaidthe projectwouldwouldwouldwouldbebebebecompletedcompletedcompletedcompleted(bythembythembythembythem )bytheendoftheyear.过去将来时：过去将来时：wouldbe+donewouldbe+donewouldbe+donewouldbe+d

9、oneTheworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible.Theworkerstoldmethatthecarwouldbemendedassoonaspossible5.现在进行时：现在进行时：am/is/are+being+done Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词现在进行时：现在进行时：am/is/are+being+do

10、neWearepaintingtherooms.TheroomsarebeingpaintedbyusI was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done(by me)at 8:00 last night.过去进行时：过去进行时：S+was/were+being+过去分词过去分词6.过去进行时过去进行时was/were+being+done 过去进行时过去进行时was/were+being+done Whydidnttheydrivethereontime?Becausetheworkersweremendi

11、ngtheroad.Becausetheroadwasbeingmended.7We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词7.现在完成时现在完成时have/has+been+done 现在完成时现在完成时have/has+been+done Someonehastoldmethe sports meet might be put off.Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetmightbeputoff.8.过去完成时：

12、过去完成时：hadbeen+doneIfoundthey had already sold out the tickets.Ifoundthe tickets had already been sold outbythem.过去完成时：过去完成时：S+had+been+过去分词过去分词9Ling Feng can take good care of Polly Polly by Ling Feng .情态动词：情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词情态动词：情态动词：can/may/must/should+be+doneYoumusthandinyourc

13、ompositionsafterclass.Yourcompositionsmustbehandedinafterclass.情态动词：情态动词：can/may/must/should+be+done语态转换时要注意的问题语态转换时要注意的问题语态转换时要注意的问题语态转换时要注意的问题1.1.把把主主动动语语态态变变为为被被动动语语态态时时，其其谓谓语语动动词词的的时时态态要要与与原原句句时时态态保保持持一一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。Wehaveboughtanewcomputer.Anewcomputerhavebeenbought.(To

14、rF)2.2.含含有有双双宾宾语语的的主主动动句句变变被被动动句句时时，可可分分别别将将其其中中的的一一个个宾宾语语变变为为主主语语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.Iwasgivenapresentonmybirthday.如如果果把把直直接接宾宾语语(指指物物)改改为为主主语语，则则在在间间接接宾宾语语(指指人人)前前加加适适当当的的介介词词，如上句还可以说：如上句还可以说：Apresentwasgiventomeyesterday.保留宾语保留宾语保留宾语保留宾语has

15、 在什么情况下不能使用被动语态呢？在什么情况下不能使用被动语态呢？1.表示状态的动词，如表示状态的动词，如have，cost，fit，last，own，hold，become等往往不能用于被动语态。例如：等往往不能用于被动语态。例如：【正正】The shirt fits him very well【误误】He is fitted very well by the shirt 2.祈使句一般没有被动语态祈使句一般没有被动语态。例如：。例如：【正正】Look at the blackboard，please【误误】The blackboard is looked at by you 3.某些及物动

16、词的宾语表示处所、地点、组织时不能用于被某些及物动词的宾语表示处所、地点、组织时不能用于被动语态。例如：动语态。例如：【正正】He joined the League in 2014【误误】The League was joined by him in 2014 4.由由“动词名词动词名词”构成的英语习语（如构成的英语习语（如make faces，make friends，take place等）一般不可改为被动语态。例如：等）一般不可改为被动语态。例如：【正正】The boy make faces in class【误误】Faces are made by the boy in class

17、Great changes have taken place in Jinan since last year.5.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如：例如：【正正】You must look after yourself【误误】Yourself must be looked after 1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a m

18、onth.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）3.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.4.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.was made to have can be used5.I found the ticket on the flo

19、or._ _ _ _ on the floor.6.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told7.“WhydidLinglinglooksounhappy?”“Shehad_byherclassmates.”AlaughedBlaughedatC.beenlaughedDbeenlaughedat8.Somenewoilfields_since1976.AwereopenedupBhasopenedupChavebeenopenedupDhadbeenopenedup 9.Youcanseethehouse_foryears.AisntpaintedBhasntpaintedChasntbeenpaintedDhadntpainted10.Thearticle_ChinesebyComradeLi.AisgoingtotranslateintoBisgoingtobetranslatedintoCwasgoingtobetranslatedwithDwilltranslatein高中英语语法被动语态的基本变法与应用