专题02 阅读理解说明文+议论文-【好题汇编】备战2023-2024学年高二英语上学期期末真题分类汇编（新高考通用）（原卷版）.docx

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1、优点英语专题 02 阅读理解 说明文 议论文 Passage 1 （2022-2023上江苏南通高二江苏省如皋中学校考期末）Inventions change how we live, work, play and think about whats possible. Every year, Time magazine lists the 100 best inventions based on their creativity and impact on our lives. What did the magazine choose this year? Lets take a look.

2、Easier to readOrCam Read is a lightweight, handheld device with a smart camera that can read text from any digital screen or printed surface. If you constantly read large blocks of text or suffer from reading fatigue or even dyslexia(阅读困难), OrCam Read can help. Its been described as an exceptional o

3、n demand tool to access print in work, education and community settings.Users simply point the device at a book page, an ad, a menu or anything else containing text and press a button. The device will instantly vocalize (发声) text in a natural-sounding voice, either through its tiny speaker or a conn

4、ected Bluetooth device. OrCam Read also supports text in multiple languages and can even operate without any internet connection.Easier for beesHoney is produced by bees. But todays beekeeping business is not good for these hard-working insects. Bee farmers may kill them after harvesting honey becau

5、se its cheaper than feeding the bees through the winter. To save bees, US company MeliBio has found a way to make the words first bee-free honey. They used synthetic biology to create honey directly from plants. This kind of honey tastes just like the real thing, and it is healthy, too.Easier to eat

6、Pasta is a popular food around the world. But sometimes you may find it hard to get pasta onto your fork. Its also difficult to keep the sauce on your pasta. Dan Pashman is a foodie from the US. To solve these problems, he created his dream pasta, called Cascatelli. Its a pasta with a half-tube (半筒型

7、) shape and big ruffles (褶皱). It looks like the letter “J”. How does this special shape help you eat? Bigger ruffles help it catch sauce. And you can easily get it onto your fork because its longer. “There are very few pasta shapes that have right angles. It provides resistance to the bite at all an

8、gles. It creates kind of like an I-beam (工字钢)，and that makes for a very satisfying bite,” Pashman told NPR.1What should people do when using OrCam Read?AUse it to scan the text.BSet the target language.CLink it to a small camera.DConnect to the internet.2What do we know about the new kind of honey?A

9、It consists largely of real honey.BIt makes feeding bees cheaper.CIt is produced without any bees.DIt is better for human health.3What is special about Cascatelli?AIts creation was inspired by a dream.BIt comes in the shapes of the letters J and U.CIts shape means it can be eaten without a fork.DIt

10、can hold sauce better than other types of pasta.Passage 2 （2022-2023上山东青岛高二统考期末）From baking pumpkin pie to celebrating the moon, heres how autumn is celebrated across the globe. The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the biggest and most widely celebrated harvest festivals in the world. It is held on the

11、 15th day of the eighth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. In many Asian countries including China, the festival is celebrated as a public holiday, with families gathering and giving thanks for the harvest and full moon.Oktoberfest is another major autumn celebration that, while originating in Ger

12、many, has inspired local versions around the globe. The worlds largest folk festival begins in September and runs for about two weeks, featuring traditional Bavarian food, music, clothing, and most importantly, lots of beer! Thanksgiving is also an important celebration for Americans that takes plac

13、e in late November every year, with seasonal dishes like yams smothered and pumpkin pies always having a place at the Thanksgiving dinner table. Walks, hikes and trips to see the changing foliage are also hugely popular, with locations like Asheville and North Carolina, boasting of some of the most

14、beautiful autumn scenery around.There are also several cultural and religious events that occur throughout October and November. Dia de Los Muertos, on the 1st and 2nd November, is a Mexican celebration that honours the lives of those who have passed away with food, drinks and activities that those

15、loved ones enjoyed when they were alive. Diwali, the Hindu festival of lights, is another spiritual celebration of the victory of light over darkness, and good over evil, which falls on 14th November. Lighting candles all around the house and hoping for health and wealth are the chief rituals of the

16、 festival.4Which festival features food and trips?AThe Mid-Autumn Festival.BOktoberfest.CThanksgiving.DDia de Los Muertos5What will people do on Oktoberfest festival?AThey will enjoy full moon.BThey will have traditional Bavarian food.CThey will eat pumpkin pies.DThey will light candles.6What do the

17、 festivals listed have in common?AThey are celebrated for harvest.BThey are held all over the world.CThey are cultural and religious celebrations.DThey fall in autumn.Passage 3 （2022-2023上四川高二统考期末）What will our homes be like in the future? Here are some predictions:Want to take a shower when you get

18、 home? Youll be able to let your smart water heater (热水器) start heating up when youre on your way home.Did I turn off the oven? Did I close the window? Everyone may have a moment like that. But in the future, your home will check these for you.In your home of the future, all of your devices (设备) can

19、 work together to make your life more comfortable. When you turn on the lights in the morning, your windows will open at the same time. The lights will slowly be turned off by themselves after the sun appears.Your home may have dangers. The hackers (黑客) could open your door and cause a mess (造成麻烦) a

20、t your home through your phone or other devices. Your home will tell you about it but you cant arrive in time. So people will have to be careful of their personal information.7What can we do on our way home in the future?AAll of your devices can work together.BTake a shower.CWorking.DLet the water h

21、eater work.8What will our life be like in the future in the smart home?AVery busy.BMore boring.CMore comfortable.DA lot of work.9According to the article, who may make your home dangerous?AThe hackers.BThe thieves.CThe police.DYour devices.10Which of following is NOT TRUE in the future about the lif

22、e in the passage?AYou will be able to let your smart water heater start heating up when you are on your way home.BThe light will be turned on by themselves after the sun appears.CYour home will check these for you.DPeople will have to be careful of their personal information.Passage 4 （2022-2023上四川高

23、二统考期末）Now machines (机器) are widely used all over the world. Why are machines so important and necessary (必要的) for us? Because they can help us to do things better and faster.A washing machine helps us to wash clothes fast. A printing machine helps us to print a lot of books, newspapers, magazines an

24、d many other things fast. Bikes, cars trains and planes are all machines. They help us to travel faster than on foot.The computer is a wonderful machine. It was invented not long ago. It not only stores (贮存) information (信息) but also stores numbers millions of times as fast as a scientist does.Lets

25、study hard and try to use all kinds of machines to build China into a modern country.11Machines can help us to do things better and faster, so they _.Aare difficult to makeBare expensiveCare important but not necessaryDare very helpful12We have to travel on foot without _.AbikesBmachinesCplanesDtrai

26、ns13Computers can store information and numbers _ a scientist does.Aa little faster thanBas fast asCmuch faster thanDmuch more slowly than14If we want to build China into a modern country. We must _.Astudy hardBtry to use all kinds of machinesCinvent many machinesDall abovePassage 5 （2022-2023上广西北海高

27、二统考期末）Almost everybody knows that sports stars can be role models to high school students. But what many do not know is the effects they may have on our kids. Researchers now have made some important findings. The first effect that professional athletes can have on high schoolers is improving their

28、personal character.A fine example comes from a study through the Changing-Lives programme in the UK. The authors were able to conclude “athlete mentors (导师) are able to inspire kids, change their attitudes and help improve futures”. The study looked at mentor-pupil relationships in different middle

29、and high schools. The mentors are successful sports people and the pupils are 2,701 students from 222 schools.The findings were able to support the popular belief that sports stars can act as role models to inspire young people. The mentors visited students three times over the six-month period. Dur

30、ing the visits, the mentors and pupils told each other about their own difficult problems that they had to face and deal with. This was a way for the pupils to see that the athletes were once just like them, and they too could solve their difficulties and achieve great things.Another major effect is

31、 that professional athletes as role models can influence young peoples future aspirations (愿望). In a study carried out in the USA, 662 ninth-grade students (who began their first year of high school), were surveyed about their career aspirations. When students have a career aspiration, the researche

32、rs found, it may be determined by sources such as who their role models are.In the study, students from every background were asked about their career goals, and whom they chose as their role models. The results included 41% of black young men, 25% of Latino young men, 7% of young black women, 5% of

33、 Latino young white women; all had role models of sport professional athlete.15What effects do professional athletes have on high schoolers?APromote their personal character.BChange the choices of their careers.CStrengthen the relationship with teachers.DPush ahead the success of their studies.16Wha

34、t does the second paragraph mainly tell us?AThe skills needed to become a professional athlete.BHow to build the relationship between mentors and athletes.CA study about the influence film stars have on kids.DThe mentors influence on the kids in different ways.17What does the underlined word “them”

35、in the third paragraph refer to?ACareer aspirations.BThe mentors.CDifficult problems.DThe pupils.18What does the final result of the study indicate in the last two paragraphs?AStudents mostly choose sports athletes as their models.BStudents dont have more ideas about their career goals.CBoth the you

36、ng and the old like to become sports athletes.DStudents often change their career aspirations during high school.Passage 6 （2022-2023上天津高二天津市第一百中学校考期末）Sabera Hossains passion for helping others is endless.Hossain, a senior at East Meadow High School in New York, has taken part in humanitarian (慈善的)

37、tasks both at home and abroad, from fighting poverty as president of her schools World Hunger Action Club to teaching English to children in Bangladesh.While in the South Asian country last summer, she spent six weeks volunteering at a school she called “a shack on the banks of a lake”. She provided

38、 a group of about 30 students, aged 4 8, with homemade educational materials, including cards and game booklets, to help them learn numbers and words.But Hossains humane efforts dont end there. She has also volunteered at senior-living communities and Nassau University Medical Center in New York. Sh

39、es even worked with her local Volunteer Ambulance Corps, where she was trained to help give emergency treatment, alongside nursing and medical technicians.“I feel like everyone needs to go out and see what the world has to offer,” Hossain said. “Thats why Ive done so much; I wanted to explore what I

40、 like and dont like.”You wont be surprised to know shes also a star student. Hossain is an AP Scholar with Distinction and earned a score of 1,550 on the SAT.She is also a member of the math team and Pre-Medicine Club. Sabera also earned a membership in the National Academy of Finance, which came af

41、ter she passed four standardized exams and held a 120-hour internship in the business field.“Sabera is someone who is always looking for a challenge, eager to travel the world, experience new cultures, meet new people and make a difference in the lives of others,” said her teacher, Joanna Silberman.

42、 “I can think of no one more mature and ready to begin the next journey of her life.”This year, Hossain will attend college, but she has not decided on a major. She is most looking forward to widening her horizons and finding new things that she likes. Big colleges offer big benefits to students.19W

43、hat can we learn about Hossain according to paragraph 2 ?AHossain has participated in charity tasks only at home.BHossain has never joined in charity tasks abroadCHossain has devoted herself to the different charity tasks full of passion for helping othersDHossain has seldom succeeded in fighting po

44、verty20What was Hossains intention when she was in the South Asian country?ATo spend six weeks at a school.BTo help students there to learn numbers and words.CTo provide students with homemade educational materials.DTo teach students how to make cards and game booklets.21Where has Hossain also volun

45、teered apart from the schools?AHossain has also volunteered at Nasssan University Medical Center.BHossain has volunteered in Pre-Medicine Club.CHossain has ever worked in the National Academy of Finance.DHossain has also volunteered at senior-living communities and in her Local Volunteer Ambulance.2

46、2What is Hossains ideal college like?AIt can broaden her viewpoint and provide new things which will interest her.BIt can offer a chance to experience the new cultureCIt can make a great difference in the lives of others.DIt can provide a platform to meet new people.23What is the main idea of the pa

47、ssage?AHossains background.BHossains encouragement.CWorldwide volunteeringDVolunteerings popularityPassage 7 （2022-2023上湖南益阳高二统考期末）If youre a thrill seeker, here are several festivals and celebrations from around the world that will get your blood pumping.Spain: Baby-JumpingThe Spanish village of Ca

48、strillo has some interesting ideas about childcare. Since the 17th century, the village has been holding a yearly ceremony in which babies are laid out on mat in the street. Actors dressed as devils then skip over them. It supposedly removes the childrens original sin. Nobody would blame you if you held your breath until the jumping part is over.Italy: Fruit BattleIf oranges seem harmless