专题14语法填空（解析版）-【寒假自学课】2024年高一英语寒假提升学与练（人教版2019）.docx

《专题14语法填空（解析版）-【寒假自学课】2024年高一英语寒假提升学与练（人教版2019）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专题14语法填空（解析版）-【寒假自学课】2024年高一英语寒假提升学与练（人教版2019）.docx（18页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、优点英语第14讲 语法填空一、请用括号里所给词的正确形式填空。1. Being able to pay bills over the Internet is a real _ (convenient).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】convenience【解析】考查名词。句意：能够在互联网上支付账单真的很方便。convenience表示“方便的事”，是可数名词，不定冠词a提示单数形式，作表语。故填convenience。2. The children were looking at the gifts with _ (expect) expressions. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】

2、expectant【解析】考查形容词。句意：孩子们用期待的表情看着礼物。根据“expressions”可知，此处需要形容词作定语，修饰名词。“expect”是动词，“期待，期望”，形容词是expectant表示“期待的”。故填expectant。3. The police are anxious for any information _ (regard) the missing child. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】regarding【解析】考查介词。句意：警方急于得到有关失踪孩子的任何消息。根据句意和所给单词regard分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个介词和后面的the missi

3、ng child构成介词短语，修饰前面的名词information，且意义为“关于”，所以应该用介词regarding。故填regarding。4. The doctor encouraged him to increase the _ (various) of food that he eats. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】variety【解析】考查名词。句意：医生鼓励他增加吃的食物种类。根据上文定冠词the可知应填名词variety，作宾语，表示“种类”，结合句意，为单数形式。故填variety。5. We cleaned the house from top to bottom a

4、nd put up _ (decorate) to welcome the new year. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】decorations【解析】考查可数名词单复数。句意：我们把房子从上到下打扫了一遍，挂上了装饰品来迎接新年。根据句意和所给动词decorate以及空格前的put up分析句子可知，空格处应该填入decorate的名词形式decoration作动词短语put up的宾语；因为decoration一词当“装饰品”讲时是可数名词，所以应该用复数形式。故填decorations。6. The organizers hope to encourage_ (participat

5、e) to create better networks for the exchange of information. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】participants【解析】考查名词复数。句意：组织者希望鼓励参与者创建更好的信息交流网络。分析句子可知，空处应填名词作宾语，participate有两个名词形式，分别是participation“参与”和participant“参加者，参与者”。结合句意，表示“鼓励某人做某事”用encourage sb. to do sth.，所以空处用participant，可数名词，表示泛指，用复数。故填participants。7. The _

6、 (popular) of smartphones has grown in the last five years. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】popularity【解析】考查名词。句意：智能手机在过去五年中越来越受欢迎。根据句意和所给形容词popular分析句子可知，空格处应该填入popular的名词形式popularity作主语。故填popularity。8. As part of the exhibition, the _ (celebrate) publishing house (出版社) will be showing six books it has produced. (

7、所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】celebrated【解析】考查形容词。句意：作为展览的一部分，这家著名的出版社将展示它已经出版的六本书。根据“publishing house”和定冠词“the”可知，此处需要形容词来修饰名词。“celebrate”是动词“庆祝”的意思，形容词是celebrated 表示“著名的，有名望的”。故填celebrated。9. My grandparents will have a small family _ (gather) to mark their wedding anniversary (纪念日). (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】gathering【解析

8、】考查名词单数。句意：我的祖父母将举办一个小规模的家庭聚会来纪念他们的结婚纪念日。结合不定冠词a可知，用单数名词gathering (聚会)作宾语。故填gathering。10. Developers were forced to use their _ (create) to develop new games. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】creativity【解析】考查名词。句意：开发者被迫利用他们的创造力开发新游戏。不可数名词creativity作宾语。故填creativity。二阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内

9、所给词的正确形式填空。In social life, time plays a very important part. In the U.S.A., guests tend to feel that they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is sent only three or four days _17_the party date, but it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may _18_(cons

10、ider) foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans that _19_(make) for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. _20_, misunderstandings arise between people from cultures where time is treated differently. Prom

11、ptness (准时) _21_(value) highly in American life. For example,_22_people are not punctual, they may be regarded as impolite _23_not fully responsible. In the U.S.A., no one would think of keeping a business partner _24_(wait) for an hour, since it would be too impolite. A person _25_is five minutes l

12、ate will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.【答案】17. before 18. be considered 19. are made 20. Thus 21. is valued 22. if 23. or 24. waiting 25. who#that【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了时间的意义在世界不同的地方是不同的。17考查介词。句意：在美国，如果客人在宴会日期的三、四天前才收到邀请，他们往往会觉得自己不受重视。根据语境可知，此处指在宴会日之前收到

13、邀请，应用介词before“在之前”。故填before。18考查动词语态。句意：在世界上的其他地方，提前太久约会可能被认为是愚蠢的，因为一个多星期后的约会计划往往会被忘记。主语it和consider是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，情态动词may后用be done形式。故填be considered。19考查动词语态。句意：在世界其他地区，可能太早和别人订好约会时间会被看成很愚蠢的事情，因为为一个多星期后的约会制定的计划往往会被忘记。此处是定语从句，that作主语，与make是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，that指代先行词plans，是复数含义，be动词使用are。故

14、填are made。20考查副词。句意：因此，来自时间观念不同文化背景的人们之间会产生误解。根据前一句“The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world.”可知，前后是因果关系，逗号前用thus“因此”。故填Thus。21考查动词语态。句意：在美国人生活中非常重视守时。主语Promptness和value是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是抽象名词，be动词使用is。故填 is valued。22考查状语从句。句意：例如，如果人们不守时，他们可能被视为不礼貌或不完全负责任。根据语境可知，此处表示

15、一种假设，应用if引导条件状语从句。故填if。23考查连词。句意：例如，如果人们不守时，他们可能被视为不礼貌或不完全负责任。根据语境可知，前后表示选择，不准时被认为不礼貌或不完全负责任，应用连词or“或者”。故填or。24考查非谓语动词。句意：在美国，没有人会想到让生意伙伴等一个小时，因为这太不礼貌了。固定搭配keep sb. doing sth“让某人一直做某事”。故填waiting。25考查定语从句。句意：一个迟到五分钟的人会说几个词解释，虽然他可能不会说完这个句子。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是person，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。三

16、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese _36_(dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners _37_ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _38_ can be to eat out. I still remem

17、ber _39_ (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years and I _40_(shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.While regularly eating out seems to _41_(become) common for many young people in recent years, its not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a

18、week may be _42_(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even _43_ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in _44_(weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem,

19、then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home _45_ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.【答案】36. dishes 37. who/that 38. it 39. visiting 40. was shocked 41. have become 42.

20、affordable 43. higher 44. weight 45. for【解析】作者描述了人们喜欢在外面吃饭的现象，分析了其对身体和花费的不良影响，建议我们在家做饭。36考查名词。此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。37考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。38考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，it是形式主语。故填it。39考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访

21、一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.，故填visiting。40考查时态和语态。此处表示我被震惊了。shock的主语是I，两者关系是被动，动作发生在过去。故填was shocked。41考查动词时态。根据时间状语in recent years可知，用现在完成时，seems to后用动词原形，故填have become。42考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”，故填affordable。43考查形容词比较级此处修饰名词cost用形容词，even表示程度，修饰比较级，故填higher。44考

22、查名词。此处指体重问题，用名词修饰problems，故填weight。45考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示去向、目的用介词for，故填for。四阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chicken-blood stone _36_(be) one of Chinas most valuable materials and has been used for centuries to create carved works with red markings. With its bright blood-red color, bright crystal-like j

23、ade (玉) texture quality and shape, chicken-blood stones are celebrated around _37_ world. The artistic value of Changhua chicken-blood stone lies in its adaptability, which can _38_ (process) into decorations (装饰品) of different sizes and forms._39_ (recent) Crafts man Qian Gaochao and his son spent

24、more than six months _40_ (make) three “chicken-blood” stone carvings showing the competitions of the 19th Asian Games HangZhou 2022, such as taekwondo and wrestling. As a _41_ (nation) inheritor (继承人) of the intangible (非物质) cultural heritage of the chicken-blood stone carving skills, Qian Gaochao

25、says, “Im not only doing carving work but also recording the _42_ (develop) and changes of our society and remembering the era through my carvings. Besides, we often hold research activities and provide training courses _43_ that more young students can understand and learn Chinese traditional cultu

26、re.” So far, he has created many fine works, most of _44_ are related to important events in Chinese history and famous people who have made great contributions _45_the country.【答案】36. is 37. the 38. be processed 39. Recently 40. making 41. national 42. development 43. so 44. which 45. to【解析】这是一篇说明文

27、。文章主要介绍了鸡血石的性质及鸡血石雕技艺的国家级非物质文化遗产继承人钱高潮的石雕作品及雕刻理念。36考查时态。句意：鸡血石是中国最珍贵的材料之一，几个世纪以来一直被用来创作带有红色标记的艺术作品。根据句意可知，该句陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时。主语是“Chicken-blood stone”，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填is。37考查冠词。句意：鸡血石以其鲜亮的血红色色泽，明亮晶莹如玉的质地和形状享誉世界。固定搭配around the world表示“世界各地，全世界”符合句意。故填the。38考查被动语态。句意：昌化鸡血石的艺术价值在于它的适应性，能够被加工成形状大小各异的装饰品。根据情

28、态动词“can”可知，此处需要动词原形，“Changhua chicken-blood stone”和“process”之间是被动关系，故填be processed。39考查副词。句意：最近工艺匠人钱高潮和其子耗时六个多月制作了三组鸡血石雕来展示2022年杭州亚运会的竞赛项目，比如跆拳道和摔跤运动。分析句子可知，此处需要用副词来修饰句子，作状语。故填Recently。40考查非谓语动词。句意：最近工艺匠人钱高潮和其子耗时六个多月制作了三组鸡血石雕来展示2022年杭州亚运会的竞赛项目，比如跆拳道和摔跤运动。固定句型Sb spend some time doing sth，表示“某人花费时间做某事

29、”，应用doing形式。故填making。41考查形容词。句意：作为鸡血石雕技艺的国家级非物质文化遗产继承人，钱高潮说：“我不仅仅是在做雕刻工作，还在记录我们社会的发展和变革，通过我的雕刻来记住这个时代。”根据冠词“a”及名词“inheritor”可知，此处需要填形容词。故填national。42考查名词。句意：作为鸡血石雕技艺的国家级非物质文化遗产继承人，钱高潮说：“我不仅仅是在做雕刻工作，还在记录我们社会的发展和变革，通过我的雕刻来记住这个时代。”根据定冠词“the ”及“and changes”可知，此处需要填名词，develop是动词，名词是development，表示“发展”，表示抽

30、象含义时是不可数名词。故填development。43考查固定短语。句意：此外，我们经常举行研究活动并提供培训课程，以便更多年轻学生能够理解和学习中国传统文化。分析句意可知，“更多年轻学生能够理解和学习中国传统文化”是“经常举行研究活动并提供培训课程”的目的，so that引导目的状语从句，表示“为了，以便”符合句意。故填so。44考查定语从句。句意：迄今为止，他已经创造了许多精巧的艺术品，其中大部分作品都和中国历史上的重要事件及为国家做出突出贡献的著名人物有关。分析题干可知，此处是介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，介词后缺宾语，先行词是“fine works”，应用关系代词which。故

31、填which。45考查介词。句意：迄今为止，他已经创造了许多精巧的艺术品，其中大部分作品都和中国历史上的重要事件及为国家做出突出贡献的著名人物有关。固定短语make great contributions to，表示“为做出突出贡献”，to是介词。故填to。五阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。By far, the most technologically challenging railway ever built was probably the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, _46_ (complete) in 2006, which con

32、nects Xining to Lhasa. The railway was first planned in the 1950s, but the technical difficulties were too much _47_ (overcome). It was not until 1984 _48_ the first 814-kilometer section of the railway, from Xining to Golmud, was completed.The biggest issue was the permafrost(冻结带)-frozen earth. In

33、the summer, usually melting at a fast speed, the top layer of the permafrost turns to mud, _49_ (make) the ground unstable. A _50_ (various) of solutions were used to get around this. In some cases, railway bridges _51_ (build). In other cases, engineers installed pipes under the ground to keep it f

34、rozen during the summer. Finally, in some areas it was impossible to build the railway over the permafrost, _52_ engineers tunneled through it.It is hoped that the experience of building the Qinghai-Tibet Railway can be used in _53_ new project, linking China with Pakistan. This railway _54_ (travel

35、) 1,000 kilometers through the Pamir Mountains, which are nicknamed the Roof of the World. Building such a railway will be _55_ (doubt) a technical challenge. It has not yet been announced when construction on this project will start.【答案】46. completed 47. to overcome 48. that 49. making 50. variety

36、51. were built 52. so 53. a 54. will travel 55. undoubtedly#doubtless#doubtlessly【解析】这是一篇说明文。迄今为止，技术上最具挑战性的铁路可能是2006年完工的青藏铁路，这条铁路连接西宁和拉萨。文章主要介绍了青藏铁路修建所遇到的问题。46考查非谓语动词。句意：迄今为止，技术上最具挑战性的铁路可能是2006年完工的青藏铁路，这条铁路连接西宁和拉萨。分析句子结构可知complete在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the Qinghai-Tibet Railway构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填completed。4

37、7考查非谓语动词。句意：这条铁路最初是在20世纪50年代规划的，但技术上的困难太多了，无法克服。此处为句型too. to do. “太以至于不能做，用动词不定式作结果状语。故填to overcome。48考查强调句。句意：直到1984年，从西宁到格尔木的第一个814公里的铁路才完工。去掉It was和设空处句子依然完整，由此可知，此处为强调句：it was not until+被强调部分+ that。故填that。49考查非谓语动词。句意：在夏天，通常永久冻土的顶层迅速融化，变成泥浆，使地面变得不稳定。句中已有谓语动词turns，且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词，make与逻辑主语为主语为主动关

38、系，此处应用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。50考查名词。句意：为了解决这个问题，我们采用了各种解决方案。结合句意，此处表示“各种”短语为a variety of。故填variety。51考查时态语态。句意：在某些情况下，修建了铁路桥。主语railway bridges与谓语build构成被动关系，结合上文solutions were used to get around this可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为railway bridges，谓语用复数。故填were built。52考查连词。句意：最后，在一些地区，在永久冻土层上修建铁路是不可能的，所以工程师们在那里挖隧道。

39、结合句意和句子结构，此处应用连词so连接两个有因果关系的并列句。故填so。53考查冠词。句意：希望青藏铁路的建设经验可以用于一个新项目，连接中国和巴基斯坦。project“项目”为可数名词，此处为泛指，且new是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。54考查动词时态。句意：这条铁路将要穿行1000千米，横跨昵称为世界屋脊的帕米尔山脉。因为这条铁路线还没有建成，所以根据句意，travel应当使用一般将来时。故填will travel。55考查副词。句意：建设这样一条铁路无疑是一项技术挑战。副词修饰整个句子，结合句意表达“无疑地”应用undoubtedly/ doubtless/ dou

40、btlessly。故填undoubtedly/ doubtless/ doubtlessly。六阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Liu Ruying, _36_ grandfather is a huge fan of Peking Opera, has been interested in Peking Opera for much of her young life. Her grandfather is a great influence _37_ her. At the age of 8, she _38_(begin) to practice the

41、classic art. It wasnt easy for a little girl _39_(experience) the difficult training, as performances combine martial arts, dancing and acrobatics(杂技).“Sometimes I was tired,“ she said. ”I had to balance my studies and other _40_(course) I was interested in, such as dance. But the great charm(魅力) of

42、 Peking Opera made me always practice it.”When Liu got the news that her region would have a cultural exchange with other countries, she had the idea of _41_(introduce) Peking Opera to the world in English. With _42_ help of her mother, she took part in the activity after several months of practice.

43、“I _43_(extreme) love traditional Chinese culture,” she said. “Peking Opera has a long history of about 200 years and _44_(consider) a treasure of our nation. We should let _45_(we) make great efforts to carry forward our culture and protect the cultural diversity of the world.”【答案】36. whose 37. on

44、38. began 39. to experience 40. courses 41. introducing 42. the 43. extremely 44. is considered 45. ourselves【解析】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了刘如英从小受到爷爷的影响对京剧产生了极大的热爱，在一次活动中用英语向世界介绍京剧，为弘扬中国文化和保护世界文化多样性做出巨大努力。36考查定语从句。句意：刘如英的爷爷是京剧迷，在她年轻的大部分时间里都对京剧感兴趣。分析句子可知，空格处缺少非限制性定语从句引导词，先行词是Liu Ruying定语从句缺少定语表示“谁的”。故填whose。37考查介词。句

45、意：她的祖父对她影响很大。分析句子可知，空格处构成固定搭配a great influence on sb对某人的巨大影响。故填on。38考查动词时态。句意：8岁时，她开始练习经典艺术。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，时间状语是At the age of 8时态应使用一般过去时。故填began。39考查非谓语动词。句意：对于一个小女孩来说，这项艰巨的训练并不容易。分析句子可知，It为形式主语，空格处为不定式作真正主语。故填to experience。40考查名词单复数形式。句意：我必须平衡我的学业和我感兴趣的其他课程，比如舞蹈。分析句子可知，空格处为and连接的并列成分，前面是名词，and后

46、也应使用名词形式，course是可数名词，前面有other限定表示“除了学习之外的课程”，应使用复数形式。故填courses。41考查非谓语动词。句意：她萌生了用英语向世界介绍京剧的想法。分析句子可知，空格处为介词of的宾语，动词introduce作宾语应使用动名词形式。故填introducing。42考查冠词和固定短语。句意：在母亲的帮助下，经过几个月的练习，她参加了这项活动。分析句子可知，空格处构成固定短语With the help of在的帮助下，故填the。43考查副词。句意：我非常热爱中国传统文化。分析句子可知，空格处为句子状语部分，应使用副词修饰动词love,故填extremely

47、。44考查动词时态和语态。句意：京剧有大约200年的悠久历史，被认为是我们国家的瑰宝。分析句子可知，空格处为句子并列谓语表示“被认为是”，应使用被动语态，主语是Peking Opera表示的是现在的状态，应使用一般现在时的被动语态形式。故填is considered。45考查代词。句意：我们应该让我们自己为弘扬我们的文化和保护世界文化多样性做出巨大努力。分析句子可知，空格处为句子宾语，代词we和主语一致，应使用反身代词。故填ourselves。七阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。The famous Chinese folk song, Jasmine Flower (茉莉花), has reached a _36_ (globe) audience with its catchy tune and lyrics. _37_ (equal) popular is the traditionall