人教高中英语4.1 Reading and thinking 练习（解析版） (2).docx

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1、2020-2021学年高中英语新教材同步备课（人教版选择性必修第一册）Unit 4 Body languagePeriod 1 Reading and Thinking课后练习（解析版）第一部分：根据首字母提示或汉义补全句子，每题1分，共计20分。1. The Secretary of Statehas the power toa_theproposals.【答案】approve【解析】国务卿有权批准这些议案。批准，approve2. The study also d_a direct link between obesity and mortality.【答案】demonstrated【解析

2、】这项研究说明了肥胖和死亡之间的直接关系。显示，说明，时态为一般过去时态，demonstrated3. In general,Japanesecarsareveryr_andbreakdownsare rare.【答案】reliable【解析】总之，日本的汽车很可靠，故障很少发生。可靠的，reliable4. IncollegeIhad beentaughtthatasuccessful_(教育工作者)shouldignorebadbehavior.【答案】educator 【解析】上大学时我学到，一名成功的教育工作者应该忽略坏的行为。Educator，单数形式5. Adults learn

3、what they_(理解) to be useful in their lives.【答案】perceive【解析】成年人学习他们所理解的在生活中有用的东西。理解，perceive6. There is a growing t_ for people to work at home instead of in offices.【答案】tendency【解析】人们现在有一种趋势，在家工作而不是在公司。趋势，tendency7. Acombination of_(内部的)and external factorscausedthecompanytoclose down.【答案】internal【解

4、析】内部和外部的因素合起来导致了公司的倒闭。internal8. The_(事件)happenedjustaftertenoclocklocaltime.【答案】incident【解析】这个时间发生在当地时间10点钟。事件，incident9. The bookwas written in astylea_totheage ofthechildren.【答案】appropriate【解析】这本书是用适合这个年龄段的孩子们的风格写成。适合的，appropriate10. W_ to the crash said they saw an explosion just before the disa

5、ster.【答案】Witnesses【解析】坠机的目击证人说他们在灾难发生前看到了爆炸。后面的代词they说明前面的“目击证人”为复数形式，Witnesses11. Thetwopicturesaresimilar,althoughnoti_.【答案】identical【解析】这两张画很相似，虽然不完全相同。相同的，一模一样的，identical12. People get job satisfaction from different factors, such as social_(交流) with colleagues.【答案】interactions【解析】人们从不同的因素中获得满足，

6、比如与同事之间的社交。交流，交往，interactions13. Thetelecom industryinAustraliais very smallin_(比较)withtherestof theworld.【答案】comparison【解析】与是加上其他地区相比，澳大利亚的电信业很小。comparison14. The rooms were spacious, with tall windows and high_(屋顶).【答案】ceilings【解析】这些屋子很宽敞，墙和屋顶都很高。前面的rooms用了复数形式，“屋顶”也需要是复数形式。ceilings15. A survey of

7、 the American diet has r_ that a growing number of people are overweight.【答案】revealed【解析】一个对美国人饮食的调查显示，越来越多的人超重。显示，revealed16. They have been treated with this drug in clinical_(实验).【答案】trials【解析】他们在临床试验中用这种药进行治疗。试验，要用复数形式，trials17. A severe storm destroyed a natural_(屏障) between the house and the l

8、ake.【答案】barrier【解析】一场猛烈地暴风雨摧毁了房子和湖之间的一个天然屏障。barrier18. Youllquicklya_yourself tostudentlife.【答案】adjust【解析】你很快就会调整自己适应学生生活。调整，adjust19. She was _(尴尬的) when they asked her age.【答案】embarrassed【解析】当他们问她年龄的时候，她感觉很尴尬。embarrassed20. Hecalledthemseveraltimesto_(打听)aboutjobpossibilities.【答案】inquire【解析】他给他们打了

9、几次电话打听就业机会的事。inquire第二部分：用所给单词的适当形式补全句子，每题1.5分，共计30分。1. Whateverthe scientists_(ultimate) conclude,alloftheirdatawillimmediatelybe questioned.【答案】ultimately【解析】无论科学家们最终得出什么结论，他们的所有数据将随即受到质疑。副词修饰动词，ultimately2. The artisthas paintedthescenefrom_(vary)viewpoints.【答案】various/varying【解析】那位画家从各种角度把这一景色画了

10、下来。形容词修饰名词，不同的，various/varying3. Thetermsoftheagreementare_(favour)to bothsides.【答案】favorable【解析】协议条款对双方都有利。对.有利，be favorable to.4. Its estimated that more than 3,000 local workers_(employ) in the tourism industry.【答案】are employed【解析】据估计超过3000名本地工人受雇于旅游业。一般现在时的被动语态，are employed5. Daviddreamedto bean

11、_(interpret).【答案】interpreter【解析】大卫梦想成为一名口译员。名词，口译员，interpreter6. Itisimportanttoremember thateachpersonreacts_(different).【答案】differently【解析】重要的是要记住每个人的反应不同。副词修饰动词，以不同方式，differently7. Hespoke_(anger)abouttheconditionoftheurbanpoor.【答案】angrily【解析】他愤怒地谈论城市贫民的处境。副词修饰动词，angrily8. The_(imply)inhisarticle

12、isthatbeinga housewifeis greatly inferiortoeveryother occupation.【答案】implication【解析】他那篇文章的含意是，当家庭主妇远远不如所有其他职业。冠词后为名词，含义，暗示，implication9. His family then moved to a_(slight) larger house.【答案】slightly【解析】他的家后来搬到了一间稍微大一点儿的房子。副词修饰形容词，slightly10. Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, _(bow) form the wa

13、ist or nodding the head when they meet someone else.【答案】bowing【解析】在其他地方，当见面时，人们更喜欢握手，弯腰鞠躬或点头致意。并列连词or连接的为动词的-ing形式，此处也要变成动词的-ing形式，bowing11. Iam nowmakingamarketsurveyin detail.The_(assess)reportwill besent toyoulater.【答案】assessment【解析】我正在做一个详细的市场调查，稍后会提供评估报告给您。评估报告，an assessment report12. Im sorry_

14、(occupy)yourtime,butIreallywant totalk withyouaboutthepetproblemnowadays.【答案】to occupy【解析】抱歉占用你的时间了，但我真的很想跟你谈谈现在的宠物问题。13. Hedidntevenbother_(inform) me thathewas coming.【答案】to inform【解析】他甚至都没通知我他要来。费心/费力/不怕麻烦做某事，bother to do.，to inform14. Hestoodatthe window,_(stare)out of the window.【答案】staring【解析】

15、他站在窗旁，盯着窗户外面。动词-ing形式做方式状语，staring15. Peopletend_(think) thattheproblemwill neveraffectthem.【答案】to think【解析】人们往往认为这个问题绝不会影响到他们。往往会./倾向于做某事/易于做某事，tend to do16. Youdbetter_(low)yourstandardsif you want tofindsomewherecheaptolive.【答案】lower【解析】要想找个便宜的地方住，你最好降低标准。had better+动词原形，此处需要把low变成动词，lower17. Our

16、 road safety record_(comparison) favorably with that of other countries.【答案】compares【解析】我们的道路安全纪录比其他国家的好。此处需要一个动词，与.相比，compare.with.,一般现在时态，compares18. Research suggests that babies learn to see by_(distinguish) between areas of light and dark.【答案】distinguishing【解析】研究显示婴儿是通过区分明亮区域和黑暗区域来学会观看的。介词by后的动

17、词需要变成动词的-ing形式，distinguishing19. They are waiting_(anxious) to see who will succeed him.【答案】anxiously【解析】他们在焦虑不安地等着看谁将接替他。副词修饰动词，anxiously20. Its_(appropriate)to judgeapersonfromhisappearance.【答案】inappropriate【解析】根据一个人的外表来对他做出判断是不合适的。根据句义，此空为“不恰当的”之意，把appropriate 变成反义词，inappropriate第三部分：课文回顾，用所给的单词短

18、语翻译句子，每题3分，共计30分。1. 在餐桌上，满嘴食物与人交谈通常会被视为无礼。（consider, with.full）【答案】Its usually considered rude to talk to other people at the dinner table with your mouth full.【解析】做某事重要/容易/被视作无礼.，要用it作形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语，后置；with+名词+形容词，作方式状语，表示伴随的状态，with your mouth full满嘴食物2. 在法国，看到同一个手势的人可能会将它解读为“零”。（encounter, inter

19、pret.as.）【答案】In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning “zero”.【解析】“看到同一个手势的人”，定语后置，可以用动词的-ing形式，也可以用定语从句，a person encountering/who encounters an identical gesture；把.解读为.，interpret.as.,as为介词，作为，后面的动词要用-ing形式，as meaning zero3. 没有提供要求的个人信息，你将被视为弃考。（without, give

20、up on.）【答案】Without providing the required personal information, you will be considered as having given up on the test.【解析】介词without后的动词为-ing形式，要求的信息，为被要求的信息，动词的过去分词表示被动作定语，可以前置，the required personal information；放弃考试，give up on the test4. 最终他们赢了这场比赛，向所有球迷表明了他们是一支实力强大的球队。（ultimately, demonstrate）【答案】U

21、ltimately, they won the match, demonstrating to their fans that they are a powerful team.【解析】向所有球迷证明了.是赢得比赛的结果，所以“demonstrate”要用-ing形式，表示结果，他们是一支强大的球队，为宾语从句。5. 与大城市相比，这些地方现代化程度较低但是更天然。（in comparison with.）【答案】In comparison with big cities, these places are less modern but more natural.【解析】注意“与.相比”，i

22、n comparison with.6. 我们准时抵达机场，结果却被告知我们的航班取消了。(inform, cancel)【答案】We arrived at the airport on time only to be informed that our flight had been canceled.【解析】动词不定式表示意外的结果，to be informed that.却被告知.我们的航班已经取消了，过去完成时态的被动语态。7. 曾经花费一个世纪时间的事情现在只花费10分钟。(what, take)【答案】What used to take a century now takes on

23、ly 10 minutes.【解析】表示“.的事情”为what, what used to take a century曾经花费一个世纪的事情。8. 当两车相撞时，通常是被动被撞的车辆受损更严重。(run into, it is.that)【答案】When two cars run into each other, it is the passively crashed car that suffers more damage.【解析】强调句的使用，it is.that.“被动被撞的车辆”动词的过去分词表示被动，此处为前置，passively crashed car9. 重要的事情是用在你所在

24、的文化中是恰当的一种方式使用身体语言。（crucial, appropriate to.）【答案】The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.【解析】动词的-ing形式做作表语，“在你所在的文化中是恰当的一种方式”in a way后接定语从句，that is appropriate，对.是恰当的，appropriate to the culture 后再次接定语从句，that you are in10. 传统上在中国，当我们向某人打招呼时，我们把左

25、手放在右手上并微微弯腰。（greet, put.over, slightly）【答案】Traditionally in China, when we greet someone, we put the left hand over the right and bow slightly.【解析】和某人打招呼，greet somebody,微微弯腰鞠躬，副词slightly修饰动词bow第四部分：书面表达（共20分）假设你是李华，你的英国朋友罗伯特（Robert）准备来中国学习，因此想了解一些中国的肢体语言。请你用英语给他写封邮件，介绍一些日常的肢体语言。1.词数100左右；2.信的开头和落款已为

26、你写好（不计入总词数）。Dear Robert,_Yours,Li Hua【参考范文】InChina, we wave our hands to say “hello” or “goodbye”. We usually greet our guests by shaking hands with them. Some people may nod and smile instead of shaking hands. When you are introduced to a Chinese group, they may greet you by clapping their hands.Like in many countries, we nod our heads to say “yes” and shake our heads to say “no”. People will hold their thumbs up to praise a person, if he does something great. Sometimes, we bow to show great respect and thanks to others.I hope this information will be helpful to you.